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CAES Stakeholder Engagement on Challenges Affecting the Seed Value Chain in the Horticulture Industry in Uganda

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68% of Uganda’s farming households are engaged in subsistence rain-fed agriculture that relies largely on home-saved seed of low quality resulting into low production. Farmers’ reliance on home-saved seed is caused by insufficient availability of affordable high quality seed and lack of trust in the certified seed available in the market. Certified seed contributes only about 15% of seed requirement (mainly maize, some legumes). The remaining 85% is from the informal sector. Due to the inability of seed companies to supply required quantities of certified seed and the limited capacity in the regulatory system, an estimated 30-40% of seed traded in the market is counterfeit.

 Dr. Fredrick Bagamba delivering his remarks. He briefed participants on the mandate of the CAES Innovation Scholars Program.
Dr. Fredrick Bagamba delivering his remarks. He briefed participants on the mandate of the CAES Innovation Scholars Program.

In a bid to increase access to quality seed in the Horticulture Industry in Uganda, the College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES), Makerere University through the Innovation Scholars Program (ISP) is engaging different stakeholders in the country to address the challenges in seed quality. Through a project titled, “Engaging Stakeholders and Policy to Address Challenges in Seed Quality in the Horticulture Industry of Uganda: A Case of Tomato and Pepper”, researchers led by Dr. Jeninah Karungi-Tumutegyereize, an Associate Professor in the Department of Agricultural Production at CAES, Makerere University seek to enhance the quantity and quality of horticultural crops produce, and to strategically position CAES in agricultural development in the country.  Other members on the project are; Prof. Samuel Kyamanywa, and Dr. Mildred Ochwo Ssemakula from the Department of Agricultural Production, Makerere University; Dr. Gabriel Ddamulira (Head, Horticulture Programme, National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI); Mr. Moses Erongu from the Department of Crop Inspection and Certification at the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries; and Mr. Daniel Kituzi, a farmer and entrepreneur. The project is supported by USAID and Michigan State University’s Borlaug Higher Education for Agricultural Research and Development (BHEARD).

Some of the participants following the proceedings.
Some of the participants following the proceedings.

Stakeholder engagement

On 13th July 2022, the project team held a stakeholders’ workshop to deliberate on the challenges in the seed value chain in the horticulture industry in Uganda and to explore avenues for supporting the operationalization of the National Seed Policy. The meeting held at Eureka Place Hotel in Ntinda, Kampala was attended by staff from the Department of Agricultural Production, CAES; representatives from MAAIF, NARO, and seed companies; as well as farmers and exporters.  

Members of staff from CAES who participated in the workshop.
Members of staff from CAES who participated in the workshop.

Challenges affecting the seed value chain in the horticulture industry in Uganda

During the stakeholder engagement, Dr. Karungi shared an overview of their project pointing out key factors undermining access to quality seed in Uganda’s Horticulture Industry including; limited funding; lack of qualified manpower especially breeders, seed technologists and agronomists to develop, maintain private varieties and parental germplasm; and a weak policy framework to support quality control. “Uganda has made strides in developing an institutional policy and regulatory framework for the seed subsector. However, implementation and enforcement remain a challenge due to inadequate human and financial resources leading to limited enforcement of seed quality standards. Institutional and policy weaknesses limit the development of a competitive, vibrant and pluralistic seed sector in Uganda,” she noted.

Dr. Gabriel Ddamulira (Head, Horticulture Programme, National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI) delivering his remarks.
Dr. Gabriel Ddamulira (Head, Horticulture Programme, National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI) delivering his remarks.

Commenting on the Parish Development Model which emphasizes increase in agricultural production, Dr. Fredrick Bagamba from the Innovation Scholars Program (ISP) at CAES underscored the significance of improving access to quality seed, noting that ISP was supporting the process by ensuring end users are involved right from problem identification.

Interventions

Addressing participants, the Head of the Horticulture Programme at the National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI)), Dr. Gabriel Ddamulira noted that as part of the interventions to address the challenge of lack of access to quality seed, the National Agricultural Research Organization (NARO) in 2021 released certified vegetable varieties from Uganda. “In crop production, the most fundamental factor is seed. However, access to quality seed is still low. Increasing access to quality seed requires enabling policies, research, private sector engagement & regulation,” he explained.

Mr. Moses Erongu from the Department of Crop Inspection and Certification at the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries addressing participants.
Mr. Moses Erongu from the Department of Crop Inspection and Certification at the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries addressing participants.

Discussing the legal aspects of seed entrepreneurship and distribution, Mr. Moses Erongu from the Department of Crop Inspection and Certification at the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF), cautioned farmers against buying seed of unknown quality. He urged seed dealers to report issues of counterfeit seed to agricultural extension officers, police or MAAIF, and to always consult with extension service providers before buying seed. To address the challenge of seed quality, Mr. Erongu said MAAIF was renovating and expanding the seed testing laboratory at Kawanda to provide better services. He further noted that MAAIF was developing a digital tracking system to monitor the quality of seed.

CAES staff chatting with Mr. Erongu (R) at the workshop.
CAES staff chatting with Mr. Erongu (R) at the workshop.

Brainstorming on strategies to support the operationalisation the National Seed Policy

The overall goal of the National Seed Policy is to guide, promote, develop and regulate the seed sub-sector in order to ensure availability, accessibility and affordability of safe and high quality seed to all stakeholders for increased food and nutrition security, household income, wealth creation and higher export earnings. The policy sets out to; i) strengthen research and development for the seed sector; ii) strengthen capacity of the key players along the seed value chain to achieve an effective and efficient seed sector; iii) strengthen the seed quality control system along the entire value chain; and to enhance knowledge and information management for the seed sector. Policy priority areas include; i) generating new commercial and food and nutrition security varieties; ii) sustainable utilisation and protection of Uganda’s national plant genetic resources; iii) multiplication of high quality seed under the formal seed system; iv) enhancement of the production of quality seed within the informal system; v) strengthening seed distribution and marketing to enhance commercialization of quality seed; vi) enhancement of national competitiveness in regional and international seed trade to contribute to economic growth; vii) quality control along the formal seed value chain; viii) quality control for Quality Declared Seed; ix) development of human resource for the seed sub-sector development; and  x) and establishment of a Seed Sector Integrated Information Management System.

Ms. Harriet Adong moderated the workshop.
Ms. Harriet Adong moderated the workshop.

Suggestions by participants

Braining on measures to support the operationalization of the National Seed Policy, participants called for the development of a national horticulture policy and improved investment into the horticulture seed industry – availing resources to support the breeding of seed varieties. They also called for skilling of farmers in good agronomy practices, strengthened regulation of the seed industry, more research on the sector, identification and development of seed varieties for commercially viable crops, financial subsides to the seed companies, insurance to manage the challenge of seed forecast, protection of local seed industries from competition; strong penalty for companies dealing in counterfeit seed, enhancement of capacity of extension workers and inspectors, and empowerment of institutions of higher learning to train manpower to support the seed system in the country.

Participants in group discussions on the National Seed Policy.
Participants in group discussions on the National Seed Policy.

The workshop was moderated by Ms. Harriet Adong, Director Communication, Learning and Knowledge Management at RAN, also Communication Officer at Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (Mak-RIF).

About the CAES Innovation Scholars Program

Makerere University College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES) and Michigan State University’s Borlaug Higher Education for Agriculture Research and Development (BHEARD) Program with the support of the MSU’s Global Centre for Food Systems Innovation (GCFSI) are working together to advance CAES toward its strategic vision “to be a leading institution of academic excellence and innovations in Africa.”  The CAES Innovation Scholars Program (CAESISP), offers an eighteen-month opportunity during which CAES academic personnel can work as interdisciplinary teams to solve food system problems that are relevant to the food systems in Africa, while at the same time offering support to the entire CAES academic team in the areas of design thinking, teaching and learning, community outreach, and communicating science.

Ms. Harriet Adong briefing participants on the purpose of the workshop.
Ms. Harriet Adong briefing participants on the purpose of the workshop.

The CAESISP serves as a catalyst to support food system innovations that improve food security, and develop the current and next generation of entrepreneurial scientists at Makerere University and in the region. The program is modelled after a successful, field-tested faculty development program implemented at the Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (LUANAR) and the Malawi University of Science and Technology (MUST) —yet tailored for innovation and contextual challenges at Makerere University. The core values of the CAESISP include: participatory, asset-based, learner-centered, contextualized, and evaluative.

Access the National Seed Policy here: https://www.agriculture.go.ug/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Ministry-of-Agriculture-Animal-Industry-and-Fisheries-National-Seed-Policy.pdf

Hasifa Kabejja

Agriculture & Environment

RUFORUM Set to Hold 21st AGM

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RUFORUM 21st Annual General Meeting (AGM), 1st-5th December 2025, Gaborone, Botswana.

The Regional Universities Forum for Capacity Building in Agriculture (RUFORUM) is set to hold the 21st Annual General Meeting (AGM), from 1st to 5th December 2025 in Gaborone, Botswana. Themed “Positioning Africa’s Universities and the Higher Education Sector to effectively impact development processes on the continent”, the AGM will bring together over 500 participants including university leaders, policymakers, development partners, private sector actors, young innovators, students and researchers from across Africa and around the world.

Hosted in collaboration with the Government of Botswana and the Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (BUAN); the AGM will serve as a platform for strategic dialogue and collective action to strengthen the role of African universities in delivering sustainable development outcomes.

This year’s AGM will focus on the following sub themes:

  • Sub-theme 1. Strategic partnerships for growth: Building bridges for the future
  • Sub-theme 2. Science for development: Generating contemporary and relevant solutions at scale
  • Sub-theme 3. Capacity sharing to train the next generation of leaders in agri-food systems transformation
  • Sub theme 4. RUFORUM Governance Meetings

Speaking ahead of the event, Prof. Patrick Okori, Executive Secretary of RUFORUM, stated,

“Our universities are central to Africa’s development. By focusing on collaboration, science, and skills, this AGM will help shape the future of higher education in Africa to be more responsive, inclusive, and impactful. We are honored to work with the Government of Botswana in advancing this vision.”


Useful Links

AGM Website: https://agm.ruforum.org/

AGM Press Release: https://news.ruforum.org/botswana-to-host-the-21st-ruforum-annual-general-meeting/

Coverage from RUFORUM: https://news.ruforum.org/science-positioned-as-a-catalyst-for-africas-growth-at-ruforums-21st-annual-general-meeting-launch/

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MakCAES Celebrates Third Cohort of the Conrad N. Hilton Africa Water Quality Testing Fellowship

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Prof. Sarah Ssali and Prof. Gorettie Nabanoga with participants at the certificate award ceremony on 3rd October 2025. Successful completion of training of the third cohort of the Conrad N. Hilton Africa Water Quality Testing Fellowship by Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa on 3rd October 2025.

The Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering at the College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES), Makerere University on 3rd October 2025 proudly celebrated the successful completion of training of the third cohort of the Conrad N. Hilton Africa Water Quality Testing Fellowship.

The event, held in the Conference Hall of the School of Food Technology, Nutrition, and Bioengineering at CAES, was graced by Prof. Sarah Ssali, the First Deputy Vice Chancellor in charge of Academic Affairs, who presented certificates to the 30 successful trainees.

Prof. Isa Kabenge, Head, Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering briefing participants about the project goals and achievements. Successful completion of training of the third cohort of the Conrad N. Hilton Africa Water Quality Testing Fellowship by Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa on 3rd October 2025.
Prof. Isa Kabenge, Head, Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering briefing participants about the project goals and achievements.

About the Fellowship

Implemented by the Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering in partnership with the Aquaya Institute, and generously supported by the Conrad N. Hilton Foundation, the fellowship equips students with vital skills in water quality testing, research, and project management. The programme supports several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including Clean Water and Sanitation (SDG 6), Good Health (SDG 3), Sustainable Cities (SDG 11), Responsible Consumption (SDG 12), Climate Action (SDG 13), and Life Below Water (SDG 14).

Aligned with Uganda’s National Development Plan III (NDP III), the fellowship emphasizes research impact and community livelihood improvement by training water sector professionals critical for enhancing water quality at local and national levels.

Prof. Sarah Ssali, Makerere University First Deputy Vice Chancellor in charge of Academic Affairs, commended the transformative effect of the programme on the students and water sector. Successful completion of training of the third cohort of the Conrad N. Hilton Africa Water Quality Testing Fellowship by Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa on 3rd October 2025.
Prof. Sarah Ssali, Makerere University First Deputy Vice Chancellor in charge of Academic Affairs, commended the transformative effect of the programme on the students and water sector.

Training Highlights for the Third Cohort

The 2025 cohort, trained in Mukono District, included 30 students drawn from five programmes: B.Sc. Agricultural Engineering, B.Sc. Bioprocessing Engineering, B.Sc. Civil Engineering, B.Sc. Industrial Chemistry, B.Sc. Water and Irrigation Engineering, and M.Sc. Agricultural Engineering.

The Principal of CAES, Prof. Gorettie Nabanoga delivering her remarks. Successful completion of training of the third cohort of the Conrad N. Hilton Africa Water Quality Testing Fellowship by Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa on 3rd October 2025.
The Principal of CAES, Prof. Gorettie Nabanoga delivering her remarks.

The curriculum, developed jointly with the Aquaya Institute, covered six comprehensive modules:

  1. Fundamentals of Drinking Water Quality
  2. Water Quality Management and Treatment Technologies
  3. Field Data Collection and Sampling Procedures
  4. Standard Laboratory Practices
  5. Data Analysis and Interpretation
  6. Technical Report Writing

During their training, fellows surveyed over 700 water points across Mukono District, applying their skills in real-world settings to improve local water quality.

Dr. Julia Kigozi, Dean of the School of Food Technology, Nutrition, and Bio-systems Engineering, commended the project for its transformative impact on student learning. Successful completion of training of the third cohort of the Conrad N. Hilton Africa Water Quality Testing Fellowship by Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa on 3rd October 2025.
Dr. Julia Kigozi, Dean of the School of Food Technology, Nutrition, and Bio-systems Engineering, commended the project for its transformative impact on student learning.

Achievements registered thus far

Highlighting the achievements registered, Prof. Isa Kabenge, Head, Department of Agricultural and Bio-systems Engineering at CAES said the programme had successfully trained 90 students, underscoring its impactful contribution to capacity building in the field. He acknowledged the vital support from the Conrad N. Hilton Foundation and the Aquaya Institute, whose partnership has been central to the success of the programme.

Some of the trainees at the certificate award ceremony in the conference hall at the School of Food Technology, Nutrition, and Biosystems Engineering. Successful completion of training of the third cohort of the Conrad N. Hilton Africa Water Quality Testing Fellowship by Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa on 3rd October 2025.
Some of the trainees at the certificate award ceremony in the conference hall at the School of Food Technology, Nutrition, and Biosystems Engineering.

Remarks by the University Officials

Addressing the participants, the Deputy Vice Chancellor in charge of Academic Affairs, Prof. Sarah Ssali congratulated the fellows on their transformative learning experience, noting the high employability of graduates as a testament to the programme’s relevance and impact. “The students have gained invaluable knowledge and skills in water quality testing, research methodologies, and project management. They have had the opportunity to apply their skills in real-world scenarios, contributing to improved access to safe water for communities.”

Some of the fellows showcasing the skills acquired during the training. Successful completion of training of the third cohort of the Conrad N. Hilton Africa Water Quality Testing Fellowship by Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa on 3rd October 2025.
Some of the fellows showcasing the skills acquired during the training.

She affirmed the University’s commitment to expanding the fellowship, including efforts to standardize the training modules and to establish an accredited water quality laboratory.

In her remarks, Prof. Gorettie Nabanoga, Principal of CAES, praised the trainers for their dedication to advancing the College’s mandate. “Our work must have real-world impact. Research should be directed toward solving the challenges faced by our communities. No one can thrive without access to safe, clean water,” she emphasized. “I commend the trainees for committing their time to this important programme, and I urge you to become champions for safe water in your communities. This knowledge is meant to be shared.”

Prof. Ssali presenting a certificate to one of the trainees at the ceremony. Successful completion of training of the third cohort of the Conrad N. Hilton Africa Water Quality Testing Fellowship by Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa on 3rd October 2025.
Prof. Ssali presenting a certificate to one of the trainees at the ceremony.

She appreciated the Conrad N. Hilton Foundation, the Aquaya Institute, and the Mukono District Local Government for their invaluable support.

Dr. Julia Kigozi, Dean of the School of Food Technology, Nutrition, and Bio-systems Engineering, commended the project as one of the school’s flagship initiatives, emphasizing its transformative impact on student learning. She noted that beyond reinforcing theoretical knowledge acquired in the classroom, the project has been instrumental in equipping students with hands-on, practical skills essential for real-world application. Dr. Kigozi appreciated the funders and trainers, acknowledging their unwavering commitment and support in making the initiative a success.

A trainee receiving his certificate at the award ceremony. Successful completion of training of the third cohort of the Conrad N. Hilton Africa Water Quality Testing Fellowship by Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa on 3rd October 2025.
A trainee receiving his certificate at the award ceremony.

Remarks by the alumni and partners

On behalf of the alumni, Mr. Edgar Kugoza expressed gratitude to the funders and the trainers for the opportunity granted to them to improve their skills in water quality management. “We now become internationally accredited water quality professionals and ambassadors of safe water.”

Eng. Yvone Sanyu Lugali, WASH Sustainability Manager at Water for People and an alumnus of the Department of Agricultural and Bio-systems Engineering, commended the programme as a significant milestone in advancing the quality of water resources in the country. She praised the initiative for equipping local professionals with practical, world-class skills and shared information about ongoing and upcoming training and employment opportunities at her company.

Some of the trainers - Prof. Ahamada Zziwa, Prof. Isa Kabenge, Dr Prossy Nakawuka, and Dr Joshua Wanyama. Successful completion of training of the third cohort of the Conrad N. Hilton Africa Water Quality Testing Fellowship by Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa on 3rd October 2025.
Some of the trainers – Prof. Ahamada Zziwa, Prof. Isa Kabenge, Dr Prossy Nakawuka, and Dr Joshua Wanyama.

 Mr. Patrick Mufwoya, Managing Director Davis & Shirtliff Uganda highlighted the positive impact the programme has had on his company through the fellows they have hosted. He praised the fellows for their strong competence and professionalism, noting that their contributions reflect the quality and potential of the training programme. Mr. Mufwoya expressed confidence that initiatives like this could play a transformative role in shaping the future of the water sector nationwide.

The fellows, joined by Prof. Ssali and Prof. Nabanoga, cut cake in celebration of the achievement. Successful completion of training of the third cohort of the Conrad N. Hilton Africa Water Quality Testing Fellowship by Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa on 3rd October 2025.
The fellows, joined by Prof. Ssali and Prof. Nabanoga, cut cake in celebration of the achievement.

 In her remarks, Dr. Anna Murray, Deputy Director of Research at the Aquaya Institute appreciated the support provided by the Conrad N. Hilton Foundation in advancing efforts to ensure universal access to safe and clean water. She also praised the trainees for their dedication and hard work, emphasizing the crucial role of collaboration and teamwork in driving progress and achieving shared objectives.

Prof. Ssali and Prof. Nabanoga sharing a light moment at the event. Successful completion of training of the third cohort of the Conrad N. Hilton Africa Water Quality Testing Fellowship by Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa on 3rd October 2025.
Prof. Ssali and Prof. Nabanoga sharing a light moment at the event.

The trainers included Prof. Isa Kabenge, Prof. Ahamada Zziwa, Dr Joshua Wanyama, and Dr Prossy Nakawuka, all members of staff in the Department of Agricultural and Bio-systems Engineering at Makerere University.

Prof. Sarah Ssali and Prof. Gorettie Nabanoga with participants at the certificate award ceremony on 3rd October 2025. Successful completion of training of the third cohort of the Conrad N. Hilton Africa Water Quality Testing Fellowship by Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa on 3rd October 2025.
Prof. Sarah Ssali and Prof. Gorettie Nabanoga with participants at the certificate award ceremony on 3rd October 2025.

Hasifa Kabejja

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RUFS Project Team Trains Smallholder Farmers in Mbale City in Smart Agronomic Practices

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The Project team led by Prof. Frank Mugagga together with the farmers at Emilna Royal Mixed Farm, the training site. Phase II of the Resilient Urban Food Systems (RUFS) Project, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics, and Climatic Sciences at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa and funded through the AgriFoSe2030 Programme, practical techniques for producing organic fertilizers and pesticides using affordable, locally available materials 6th to 7th October 2025, Emily Royal Mixed Farm, Industrial City Division, Mbale City.

Overview

Following stakeholder engagements in Mbale City and Kasese Municipality to introduce Phase II of the Resilient Urban Food Systems (RUFS) Project, it became evident that farmers in both regions face a range of challenges that significantly impact agricultural productivity. Among the most pressing issues are frequent floods, landslides, waterlogging, and prolonged periods of drought, all of which threaten food security and the livelihoods of smallholder farmers.

Ms. Emily Namalwa welcoming the project team and the trainees to her farm, Emilna Royal Mixed Farm that was used as the training site. Phase II of the Resilient Urban Food Systems (RUFS) Project, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics, and Climatic Sciences at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa and funded through the AgriFoSe2030 Programme, practical techniques for producing organic fertilizers and pesticides using affordable, locally available materials 6th to 7th October 2025, Emily Royal Mixed Farm, Industrial City Division, Mbale City.
Ms. Emily Namalwa welcoming the project team and the trainees to her farm, Emilna Royal Mixed Farm that was used as the training site.

In response, the RUFS Project team has designed a series of targeted interventions aimed at addressing these climate-related challenges. Central to these efforts is the provision of specialized training to enhance farmers’ capacity to adapt and thrive in the face of environmental stressors. Through these trainings, smallholder farmers in Mbale City and Kasese Municipality will be equipped with practical knowledge and skills in climate-smart agronomic practices that promote sustainability and resilience. Smart Agronomic Practices, as promoted in the training, focus on techniques that improve yield while conserving natural resources. This includes composting, pest control using natural extracts, crop rotation, intercropping, and the adoption of drought-resistant crop varieties. By prioritizing ecological balance and resource efficiency, the RUFS project aims to protect urban communities from the effects of climate change, price volatility, and food insecurity.

Prof. Frank Mugagga, the Project Coordinator addressing the team on the purpose of the training. Phase II of the Resilient Urban Food Systems (RUFS) Project, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics, and Climatic Sciences at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa and funded through the AgriFoSe2030 Programme, practical techniques for producing organic fertilizers and pesticides using affordable, locally available materials 6th to 7th October 2025, Emily Royal Mixed Farm, Industrial City Division, Mbale City.
Prof. Frank Mugagga, the Project Coordinator addressing the team on the purpose of the training.

Training on smart agronomic practices in Mbale City

As part of this initiative, over 20 smallholder farmers in Mbale City recently received extensive training on Smart Agronomic Practices. The training, conducted from 6th to 7th October 2025 at Emilna Royal Mixed Farm in Industrial City Division, Mbale City, forms part of a broader strategy to strengthen urban food systems by empowering farmers with sustainable, adaptive, and cost-effective farming techniques tailored to the realities of a changing climate.

Prof. Frank Mugagga briefing the team about the objectives of the training. Phase II of the Resilient Urban Food Systems (RUFS) Project, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics, and Climatic Sciences at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa and funded through the AgriFoSe2030 Programme, practical techniques for producing organic fertilizers and pesticides using affordable, locally available materials 6th to 7th October 2025, Emily Royal Mixed Farm, Industrial City Division, Mbale City.
Prof. Frank Mugagga briefing the team about the objectives of the training.

Led by Prof. Frank Mugagga from the Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics, and Climatic Sciences at Makerere University, and funded through the AgriFoSe2030 Programme, the RUFS project aims to create a ripple effect of knowledge transfer, particularly in informal and peri-urban communities where agriculture remains both a livelihood and a cornerstone for food security. Phase II of the RUFS project sets out to: 1) Strengthen flood and drought resilience in urban communities through strengthened stakeholder collaboration in Mbale and Kasese, 2) Raise community awareness on climate risks and equip residents with preventive and adaptive skills, 3) Integrate indigenous and local knowledge into policy and planning for more context-relevant decision-making, and 4) Co-develop knowledge with both state and non-state actors to promote inclusive and evidence-based decisions.

Mr. Henry Stanley Mbowa, project member briefing the team about the planned training on the production of organic fertilizers and pesticides. Phase II of the Resilient Urban Food Systems (RUFS) Project, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics, and Climatic Sciences at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa and funded through the AgriFoSe2030 Programme, practical techniques for producing organic fertilizers and pesticides using affordable, locally available materials 6th to 7th October 2025, Emily Royal Mixed Farm, Industrial City Division, Mbale City.
Mr. Henry Stanley Mbowa, project member briefing the team about the planned training on the production of organic fertilizers and pesticides.

Training in the production of organic fertilizers and pesticides

During the two-day training, farmers were introduced to practical techniques for producing organic fertilizers and pesticides using affordable, locally available materials. Emilna Royal Mixed Farm, the training venue, and home of one of the project beneficiaries, Ms. Emily Namalwa, served as a practical learning hub where theory met practice.  Led by Mr. Henry Stanley Mbowa, Head of Research at AidEnvironment and a member of the RUFS Project, and backed by the Mbale City technical team, the hands-on sessions demystified the process of creating environmentally friendly agricultural inputs such as compost and bio-pesticides.

Mr. Whepukulu Juma, a dedicated urban farmer and President of the Mbale City Food Systems Platform, briefed the farmers on the critical steps and best practices for preparing a food nursery bed. Phase II of the Resilient Urban Food Systems (RUFS) Project, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics, and Climatic Sciences at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa and funded through the AgriFoSe2030 Programme, practical techniques for producing organic fertilizers and pesticides using affordable, locally available materials 6th to 7th October 2025, Emily Royal Mixed Farm, Industrial City Division, Mbale City.
Mr. Whepukulu Juma, a dedicated urban farmer and President of the Mbale City Food Systems Platform, briefed the farmers on the critical steps and best practices for preparing a food nursery bed.

Step by step, the enthusiastic farmers were trained to formulate effective organic fertilizers and pesticides using locally available materials such as cow dung, animal and human urine, ash, onions, pawpaw leaves, pepper, tobacco, luwoko (Phytolacca dodecandra), and muluuku (Tephrosia vogelii). These natural alternatives provide a sustainable response to the rising cost and environmental impact of synthetic inputs. They not only enhance soil health and increase crop productivity, but also reduce chemical residues in food, promoting safer and more resilient farming practices.

Mr. Henry Stanely Mbowa prepares the team for a training in the production of organic fertilizers using cow dung. Phase II of the Resilient Urban Food Systems (RUFS) Project, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics, and Climatic Sciences at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa and funded through the AgriFoSe2030 Programme, practical techniques for producing organic fertilizers and pesticides using affordable, locally available materials 6th to 7th October 2025, Emily Royal Mixed Farm, Industrial City Division, Mbale City.
Mr. Henry Stanely Mbowa prepares the team for a training in the production of organic fertilizers using cow dung.

While conducting the hands-on sessions, Mr. Mbowa emphasized that these solutions are not only effective but scalable. “These are techniques that require no expensive inputs. Farmers can adopt them right away using the resources they already have at their disposal,” he said.

The farmers collect cow dung to be used in the production of organic fertilizers. Phase II of the Resilient Urban Food Systems (RUFS) Project, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics, and Climatic Sciences at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa and funded through the AgriFoSe2030 Programme, practical techniques for producing organic fertilizers and pesticides using affordable, locally available materials 6th to 7th October 2025, Emily Royal Mixed Farm, Industrial City Division, Mbale City.
The farmers collect cow dung to be used in the production of organic fertilizers.

As part of the training, Mr. Whepukulu Juma, a dedicated urban farmer and President of the Mbale City Food Systems Platform, briefed the farmers on the critical steps and best practices for preparing a food nursery bed. Drawing from his experience, Mr. Whepukulu highlighted the significance of proper soil preparation, emphasizing soil health and nutrient management as foundational to successful seedling development. He also stressed the importance of selecting high-quality seeds suited to local conditions and demonstrated effective maintenance techniques such as regular watering, timely weeding, and shading to protect young seedlings from excessive sun or rain.

Mr. Henry Stanely Mbowa taking the farmers through the process of producing fertilizers using cow dung. Phase II of the Resilient Urban Food Systems (RUFS) Project, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics, and Climatic Sciences at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa and funded through the AgriFoSe2030 Programme, practical techniques for producing organic fertilizers and pesticides using affordable, locally available materials 6th to 7th October 2025, Emily Royal Mixed Farm, Industrial City Division, Mbale City.
Mr. Henry Stanely Mbowa taking the farmers through the process of producing fertilizers using cow dung.

According to Prof. Mugagga, the trainings that will be conducted over the next 18 months are a response to the urgent need for cities to reimagine their food systems amid rapid urbanization. “Urban agriculture is no longer an option, it is a necessity. Our goal is to empower smallholder farmers with knowledge that makes their practices not only productive but also sustainable and adaptive to climate stress,” Prof. Mugagga stated.

The farmers practicing to make fertilizers using different plant materials. Phase II of the Resilient Urban Food Systems (RUFS) Project, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics, and Climatic Sciences at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa and funded through the AgriFoSe2030 Programme, practical techniques for producing organic fertilizers and pesticides using affordable, locally available materials 6th to 7th October 2025, Emily Royal Mixed Farm, Industrial City Division, Mbale City.
The farmers practicing to make fertilizers using different plant materials.

Farmers’ views on the Training

  1. Ms. Emily Namalwa, an urban farmer and proprietor of Emilna Royal Mixed Farm, expressed appreciation for the training. Her farm, located within Mbale City, produces a wide range of crops including tomatoes, sukuma wiki (collard greens), eggplants, matooke (plantains), and passion fruit, alongside poultry farming.
    • Reflecting on the impact of the training, Ms. Namalwa said: “This has been eye-opening. I have learned that many of the resources we need to feed and protect our crops are readily available in our surroundings. What we once considered as waste can actually be transformed into valuable inputs for farming. This approach not only reduces costs but also promotes sustainability.”
    • She further narrated how the RUFS training reshaped her perspective on land use for farming: “Before this, I focused solely on cultivating coffee on a one-acre piece of land located far from my home. I never imagined that I could turn the small 100 by 100 plot around my house into a productive farm. Thanks to the training on urban agriculture, I now understand how to make the most of even limited space for food production.”
    • Citing the benefits, Ms. Namalwa expressed gratitude for the continued support RUFS extends to smallholder farmers. “RUFS has given us the knowledge and tools to make urban farming not just possible, but profitable. I am truly grateful for their efforts in empowering farmers like me in Mbale City.”
  2. According to Mr. Mudoma Cassim, Chairman of the Nabuyonga Horticulture Farmers’ Association in Industrial City Division, Busamaga, Mbale, the training provided by the RUFS project was both timely and impactful. “For a long time, our farmers have heavily depended on inorganic fertilizers purchased from commercial outlets. Unfortunately, these fertilizers are not only expensive but also contribute to the degradation of soil health over time, leading to reduced productivity in the long run. The training we received on the production and use of organic fertilizers and pesticides has opened our eyes to a more sustainable and cost-effective alternative. By learning how to produce organic fertilizers and pesticides locally, we can significantly reduce the cost of inputs while improving soil fertility and overall yields.”
    • “I would like to extend my sincere gratitude to the RUFS project team and their funders for this valuable initiative. It is my earnest appeal that such trainings continue, not only on the production of organic fertilizers and pesticides but also on other important aspects of sustainable farming practices. Additionally, I humbly request that the project considers supporting farmer groups like ours with irrigation equipment, such as spray pumps. This would greatly enhance our capacity to maintain consistent production even during dry spells, ensuring food security and stable incomes for our members.”
  3. Mr. Ssenkoto Julius, a dedicated farmer from Industrial City, Masaba in Mbale District, is equally grateful for the support provided by the RUFS Project. He specifically commended the hands-on training he received on producing organic fertilizers and pesticides using locally available materials, a skill he believes is not only cost-effective but also environmentally sustainable. “I primarily grow tomatoes, but I also cultivate sukuma wiki (collard greens),” he stated. “The knowledge imparted during the training was incredibly valuable. I have already begun applying the organic methods on my farm, and I am keen to observe the difference in performance between these natural products and the conventional ones purchased from agro-shops.” Mr. Ssenkoto also appealed to the RUFS Project to consider extending similar training opportunities in animal husbandry. “Many of us are mixed farmers,” he explained. “Equipping us with skills in livestock management would greatly enhance our productivity and improve our livelihoods.”
  4. Ms. Nekesa Josephine, a horticulture farmer from Northern City in Nkoma, Mbale District, appreciated the RUFS Project team for the training, highlighting its potential to transform farming practices in the region. “I am truly grateful for this opportunity. The training has opened my eyes to more sustainable and cost-effective methods of farming. I have already started experimenting with the production of organic fertilizer using cow dung, a practice I had not considered seriously before. If it proves successful, it will greatly reduce our dependence on expensive chemical fertilizers bought from agro-vet shops, which many of us struggle to afford. This kind of knowledge is not only practical but empowering, especially for smallholder farmers like myself. I sincerely hope that these trainings can be scaled up and extended to cover livestock management. Training in animal husbandry would go a long way in helping us improve both crop and animal productivity, ultimately boosting our incomes and food security.
The farmers practicing to make fertilizers. Phase II of the Resilient Urban Food Systems (RUFS) Project, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics, and Climatic Sciences at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa and funded through the AgriFoSe2030 Programme, practical techniques for producing organic fertilizers and pesticides using affordable, locally available materials 6th to 7th October 2025, Emily Royal Mixed Farm, Industrial City Division, Mbale City.
The farmers practicing to make fertilizers.

During the training programme, participants were tasked to document the current status of their farms and agricultural activities. Coordinated by Mr. Peter Kasaija, a member of the RUFS Project, the exercise was intended to support monitoring and assessment of the impact of the RUFS Project initiatives.

The farmers learning how to mix different materials to make fertilizers. Phase II of the Resilient Urban Food Systems (RUFS) Project, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics, and Climatic Sciences at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa and funded through the AgriFoSe2030 Programme, practical techniques for producing organic fertilizers and pesticides using affordable, locally available materials 6th to 7th October 2025, Emily Royal Mixed Farm, Industrial City Division, Mbale City.
The farmers learning how to mix different materials to make fertilizers.

The team will hold a similar engagement in Kasese Municipality from 12th-15th October 2025.

Mr. Mbowa training the farmers on the use of human urine in the production of fertilizers. Phase II of the Resilient Urban Food Systems (RUFS) Project, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics, and Climatic Sciences at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa and funded through the AgriFoSe2030 Programme, practical techniques for producing organic fertilizers and pesticides using affordable, locally available materials 6th to 7th October 2025, Emily Royal Mixed Farm, Industrial City Division, Mbale City.
Mr. Mbowa training the farmers on the use of human urine in the production of fertilizers.

More photos from the training

Mr. Mbowa training the farmers on the use of human urine in the production of fertilizers. Phase II of the Resilient Urban Food Systems (RUFS) Project, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics, and Climatic Sciences at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa and funded through the AgriFoSe2030 Programme, practical techniques for producing organic fertilizers and pesticides using affordable, locally available materials 6th to 7th October 2025, Emily Royal Mixed Farm, Industrial City Division, Mbale City.
Mr. Mbowa training the farmers on the use of human urine in the production of fertilizers.

Prof. Mugagga appreciating the farmers for their commitment to the project activities. Phase II of the Resilient Urban Food Systems (RUFS) Project, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics, and Climatic Sciences at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa and funded through the AgriFoSe2030 Programme, practical techniques for producing organic fertilizers and pesticides using affordable, locally available materials 6th to 7th October 2025, Emily Royal Mixed Farm, Industrial City Division, Mbale City.
Prof. Mugagga appreciating the farmers for their commitment to the project activities.

Mr. Peter Kasaija briefs the farmers on the need to document their farming activities to enable the project team to monitor progress. Phase II of the Resilient Urban Food Systems (RUFS) Project, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics, and Climatic Sciences at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa and funded through the AgriFoSe2030 Programme, practical techniques for producing organic fertilizers and pesticides using affordable, locally available materials 6th to 7th October 2025, Emily Royal Mixed Farm, Industrial City Division, Mbale City.
Mr. Peter Kasaija briefs the farmers on the need to document their farming activities to enable the project team to monitor progress.

A farmer sharing his views on the training. Phase II of the Resilient Urban Food Systems (RUFS) Project, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics, and Climatic Sciences at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa and funded through the AgriFoSe2030 Programme, practical techniques for producing organic fertilizers and pesticides using affordable, locally available materials 6th to 7th October 2025, Emily Royal Mixed Farm, Industrial City Division, Mbale City.
A farmer sharing his views on the training.

Mr. Mbowa training the farmers on the use of ash in the production of pesticides. Phase II of the Resilient Urban Food Systems (RUFS) Project, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics, and Climatic Sciences at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa and funded through the AgriFoSe2030 Programme, practical techniques for producing organic fertilizers and pesticides using affordable, locally available materials 6th to 7th October 2025, Emily Royal Mixed Farm, Industrial City Division, Mbale City.
Mr. Mbowa training the farmers on the use of ash in the production of pesticides.

The farmers braved the heavy downpour to acquire skills in the production of pesticides. Phase II of the Resilient Urban Food Systems (RUFS) Project, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics, and Climatic Sciences at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa and funded through the AgriFoSe2030 Programme, practical techniques for producing organic fertilizers and pesticides using affordable, locally available materials 6th to 7th October 2025, Emily Royal Mixed Farm, Industrial City Division, Mbale City.
The farmers braved the heavy downpour to acquire skills in the production of pesticides.

The farmers being trained on the production pesticides using different plant materials. Phase II of the Resilient Urban Food Systems (RUFS) Project, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics, and Climatic Sciences at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa and funded through the AgriFoSe2030 Programme, practical techniques for producing organic fertilizers and pesticides using affordable, locally available materials 6th to 7th October 2025, Emily Royal Mixed Farm, Industrial City Division, Mbale City.
The farmers being trained on the production pesticides using different plant materials.

The farmers being trained on the use of animal urine in the production of pesticides. Phase II of the Resilient Urban Food Systems (RUFS) Project, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics, and Climatic Sciences at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa and funded through the AgriFoSe2030 Programme, practical techniques for producing organic fertilizers and pesticides using affordable, locally available materials 6th to 7th October 2025, Emily Royal Mixed Farm, Industrial City Division, Mbale City.
The farmers being trained on the use of animal urine in the production of pesticides.

Pictorial on the training:https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/17NeSVJvLn6wJjtzodL25XtN5arnXXNdz?usp=sharing

Hasifa Kabejja

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