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CEES Researchers discover how Indigenous knowledge systems such as Ethnomathematics enhance teaching and learning school mathematics

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On September 3, 2024, the College of Education and External Studies at Makerere University hosted a significant research dissemination event, presenting pioneering findings on integrating Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) such as ethnomathematics in teaching and learning school mathematics. The research, funded by the Carnegie Corporation of New York through the Makerere University Directorate of Research and Graduate Training, highlighted innovative approaches to making mathematics education more relevant and accessible to students in Uganda.

Illustration of connection between the period and basket weaving. Department of Science Technical and Vocational Education, College of Education and External Studies (CEES), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa, research dissemination, pioneering findings on integrating Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) such as ethnomathematics in teaching and learning school mathematics, 3rd September 2024.

Ethnomathematics is an interdisciplinary field that explores the relationship between mathematics and culture. It investigates how different cultural groups understand, articulate, and apply mathematical concepts in ways that are often unique to their traditions and everyday practices. Educators and researchers can bridge the gap between formal, academic mathematics and the diverse mathematical practices found in various cultural contexts by exploring ethnomathematics. This approach can serve as a powerful medium for teaching and learning mathematics, offering several benefits such as cultural relevance in education.

Algebraic Spirals; hyperbolic, archimedean, Galilean, parabolic, spiral, and Fibonacci. Department of Science Technical and Vocational Education, College of Education and External Studies (CEES), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa, research dissemination, pioneering findings on integrating Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) such as ethnomathematics in teaching and learning school mathematics, 3rd September 2024.

Ethnomathematics helps make mathematics more culturally relevant to students by connecting abstract mathematical concepts to their real-world experiences and cultural backgrounds. This relevance can increase student engagement, making mathematics feel more accessible and meaningful. For example, students from agricultural communities may better understand mathematical concepts when they are presented using traditional farming practices, such as crop rotation patterns or land measurement techniques.

Dr. Batiibwe addresses the participants. Department of Science Technical and Vocational Education, College of Education and External Studies (CEES), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa, research dissemination, pioneering findings on integrating Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) such as ethnomathematics in teaching and learning school mathematics, 3rd September 2024.
Dr. Batiibwe addresses the participants.

The research, led by Dr. Marjorie Sarah Kabuye Batiibwe from the Department of Science Technical and Vocational Education, focused on how traditional practices such as mat and basket weaving can be incorporated into the secondary school mathematics curriculum. This approach, termed ethnomathematics, seeks to connect abstract mathematical concepts to the cultural practices familiar to students, thus enhancing their understanding and engagement with the subject.

Key Findings

The research revealed that the mathematical processes embedded in traditional activities like weaving are rich in concepts that align with the school mathematics curriculum. For instance, mat weaving incorporates geometrical concepts such as symmetry, parallel lines, and shapes, while basket weaving introduces students to patterns, sequences, and measurement techniques. These cultural activities can be used as teaching tools to make learning more hands-on and relatable.

Circular shape of a mat during weaving process. Department of Science Technical and Vocational Education, College of Education and External Studies (CEES), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa, research dissemination, pioneering findings on integrating Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) such as ethnomathematics in teaching and learning school mathematics, 3rd September 2024.

Impact on Education

Julius Anthony Musinguzi, a Master’s student undertaking this research said, the study also demonstrated that students taught using these culturally relevant methods showed improved conceptual understanding and a more positive attitude toward mathematics. “The use of IKS in teaching not only made mathematics more engaging but also helped bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application,” he said.

Mr. Musinguzi addresses the participants. Department of Science Technical and Vocational Education, College of Education and External Studies (CEES), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa, research dissemination, pioneering findings on integrating Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) such as ethnomathematics in teaching and learning school mathematics, 3rd September 2024.
Mr. Musinguzi addresses the participants.

Dr. Batiibwe’s research further proposed the development of a curriculum module that incorporates these ethnomathematical practices into the training of pre-service mathematics teachers. This module would equip future educators with the tools and strategies needed to integrate IKS into their teaching practices effectively.

Sequences, Patterns and Circle Geometry. Department of Science Technical and Vocational Education, College of Education and External Studies (CEES), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa, research dissemination, pioneering findings on integrating Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) such as ethnomathematics in teaching and learning school mathematics, 3rd September 2024.

The event concluded with a call to action for education stakeholders in Uganda to consider the integration of ethnomathematics into the national curriculum. This would not just preserve and promote indigenous knowledge but also improve the quality of mathematics education by making it more inclusive and contextually relevant.

Selected Pictures of Mats and Extraction of School Mathematical Concepts. Department of Science Technical and Vocational Education, College of Education and External Studies (CEES), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa, research dissemination, pioneering findings on integrating Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) such as ethnomathematics in teaching and learning school mathematics, 3rd September 2024.

Makerere University continues to be at the forefront of educational innovation, and this research marks a significant step towards redefining how mathematics is taught in Uganda, ensuring that it resonates with students from all cultural backgrounds.

Research team

  • Principal Investigator: Marjorie Sarah Kabuye Batiibwe
  • Mentor: Assoc. Prof. Betty Kivumbi Nannyonga (Department of Mathematics, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University)
  • Master’s student: Julius Anthony Musinguzi (Master of Education in Science Education (Mathematics)

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Empowering Educators: Makerere University Hosts Digital Education Training for Uganda’s Lecturers

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Participants pose for a group photo with the facilitators from University of Edinburgh - Dr. Michael Gallagher and Dr. Peter Evans. Specialized training on research methodology and the presentation of research findings as part of the Digital Education Practitioner Networks, supported by the MasterCard Foundation Scholars Program, in collaboration with the University of Edinburgh, 1st-3rd September 2024, College of Business and Management Sciences (CoBAMS) Conference Room, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.

In a significant step towards advancing digital education in Uganda, 12 lecturers from various universities across the country recently convened at Makerere University for specialized training on research methodology and the presentation of research findings. The training, part of the Digital Education Practitioner Networks, is supported by the MasterCard Foundation Scholars Program, in collaboration with the University of Edinburgh.

This initiative is part of a broader effort to build digital capacity and foster practitioner networks across higher education institutions in sub-Saharan Africa. The project, hosted by the University of Edinburgh, emphasizes inclusion, focusing on educators who serve traditionally underrepresented groups, such as women, individuals with disabilities, and forcibly displaced populations.

Held at the College of Business and Management Sciences from September 1 to 3, 2024, the training was facilitated by two esteemed lecturers from the University of Edinburgh—Dr. Michael Gallagher and Dr. Peter Evans. Over the course of three days, the participating educators engaged in immersive sessions that honed their digital pedagogy skills, curriculum design techniques, and use of cutting-edge educational technologies.

Dr. Sarah Bimbona, from Makerere University, shared her enthusiasm for the course, which she believes has given her a competitive edge in her teaching career. “Although I am a teacher, I wasn’t really grounded in education. This training has provided me with the digital pedagogy skills, curriculum design insights, and the use of educational technologies that I needed,” she explained.

Dr. Bimbona is committed to using her newfound knowledge to stay abreast of the latest trends in digital education, with the goal of transforming her teaching methods and enhancing the learning experience of her students. Makerere University has got three educators on the program and the 12 are the first educators in East Africa to receive training. The next cohort will come from West Africa.

Alice Nakalema, a lecturer from Bugema University and a participant in the program, highlighted how the training has broadened her understanding of educational mobility, online assessments, and the role of feedback in learning. “There is a wealth of information online,” Nakalema noted, adding that tools such as Miro boards have enriched her personal learning experience.

The Digital Education Practitioner Networks project is one of three key work packages under the Mastercard Foundation Scholars Program at the University of Edinburgh, aimed at empowering educators and driving inclusion in higher education. Through initiatives like these, the future of education in Uganda and across sub-Saharan Africa is becoming more equitable, digitally enhanced, and forward-thinking.

Makerere University, as a key partner in this program, remains dedicated to leading efforts in digital education transformation, creating avenues for innovation, and strengthening the capacity of educators to meet the demands of a rapidly evolving educational landscape.

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East African School of Higher Education Studies and Development Welcomes New Dean

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Left to Right: Principal CEES-Prof. Anthony Muwagga Mugagga, Incoming Dean-Prof. Jude Ssempebwa, Outgoing Dean-Dr. Julius Kikooma, CEES HR Officer-Ms. Janet Nabukeera, and Internal Auditor-Mr. Aggrey Luwuliza at the handover ceremony. East African School of Higher Education Studies and Development (EASHESD), College of Education and External Studies (CEES), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa, Deanship Handover, 9th September 2024.

In a significant event at Makerere University‘s East African School of Higher Education Studies and Development, leadership transitioned from the outgoing Dean, Dr. Kikooma Julius, to the incoming Dean, Prof. Jude Ssempebwa. The handover ceremony took place at the Curriculum Building, with faculty and staff in attendance to witness this momentous occasion.

The event was presided over by the Principal of the College of Education, Prof. Anthony Mugagga, who expressed his gratitude to everyone for attending. In his speech, Prof. Mugagga praised Dr. Kikooma for his exemplary service and unwavering dedication throughout his tenure. He emphasized the outgoing Dean’s ability to unite the school and lead it through key milestones, stating that Dr. Kikooma’s leadership had been crucial in advancing the school’s mission.

“We thank Dr. Kikooma for his remarkable work in steering this school to success and for fostering a spirit of togetherness,” said Prof. Mugagga. He wished the incoming Dean, Prof. Jude Ssempebwa, great success in his new role, assuring him of full support and praying for God’s guidance in his leadership. Prof. Mugagga further underscored the importance of teamwork in ensuring the school’s continued growth and success.

Incoming Dean-Prof. Jude Ssempebwa (Left) receives instruments of power from Outgoing Dean-Dr. Julius Kikooma. East African School of Higher Education Studies and Development (EASHESD), College of Education and External Studies (CEES), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa, Deanship Handover, 9th September 2024.
Dr. Kikooma Julius (R ) hands over to Prof. Jude Ssempebwa (L).

In his farewell address, Dr. Kikooma expressed heartfelt gratitude to the faculty and staff for their support during his tenure. He acknowledged the collective efforts of his colleagues, thanking them for their cooperation and hard work. In a candid moment, Dr. Kikooma asked for forgiveness for any unintentional shortcomings during his time as Dean. He warmly welcomed Prof. Ssempebwa and promised to provide assistance whenever needed.

“I thank the Principal for trusting me with this role and for the wonderful collaboration we had. I also assure Prof. Ssempebwa that I will be available to help in any way I can,” Dr. Kikooma remarked.

Several faculty members shared their appreciation for Dr. Kikooma’s leadership. Senior staff member Janet Nabukeewa commended him for his dedication and wished him well in his future endeavors. She added that any mistakes made during his tenure had been forgiven, symbolizing the strong bonds within the school’s leadership. Auditor Luwuliza Aggrey also expressed his gratitude, offering prayers and well wishes for the incoming Dean.

As the handover took place, Prof. Jude Ssempebwa expressed his deep appreciation for the trust placed in him. He pledged to work diligently with both staff and students to elevate the school to even greater heights. Prof. Ssempebwa emphasized the significance of teamwork and urged the entire school community to collaborate closely with him during this new chapter.

“I will not let you down,” Prof. Ssempebwa assured the audience, encouraging students to enroll and promising to work hand in hand with everyone to achieve success.

In his closing remarks, Prof. Mugagga offered valuable advice to the new Dean, encouraging him to take time to study the school’s dynamics. He concluded by giving thanks to God for guiding the institution through this leadership transition, and wished both Dr. Kikooma and Prof. Ssempebwa success in their respective roles.

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School of Education Holds Workshop on Reporting Research Findings for PhD Students

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Participants in a group photo. School of Education, Department of Languages at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa, workshop aimed at enhancing the research skills of PhD students “Moving from Raw Data to Reporting Findings in Educational Research,” 30th August 2024.

Kampala, August 30, 2024

The School of Education, Department of Languages at Makerere University, recently organized a highly impactful workshop aimed at enhancing the research skills of PhD students. The workshop, titled “Moving from Raw Data to Reporting Findings in Educational Research,” attracted over 40 doctoral candidates who are currently navigating the challenging terrain of academic research.

The event was graced by a distinguished panel of senior researchers who brought a wealth of knowledge and experience to the discussion. The panel included Dr. Leah Sikoyo, Dr. Reymick Oketch, Dr. Nambi Rebecca, Dr. Badru Musisi, Dr. Nicholas Itaaga, and Dr. Michael Gallagher, a Senior Lecturer in Digital Education from the University of Edinburgh.

Dr. Leah Sikoyo, Dr. Reymick Oketch, Dr. Badru Musisi, Dr. Nicholas Itaaga, and Dr. Michael Gallagher. School of Education, Department of Languages at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa, workshop aimed at enhancing the research skills of PhD students “Moving from Raw Data to Reporting Findings in Educational Research,” 30th August 2024.

Theoretical Foundations in Research

A key point emphasized during the workshop was the importance of grounding research in a strong theoretical framework. The facilitators urged the PhD students to ensure that every piece of research draws from a relevant theory, which serves as a foundation for their study. “A theory is not just an academic requirement; it’s a lens through which you interpret your data and understand your findings,” said Dr. Leah Sikoyo, setting the tone for the day.

Navigating Research Methodologies

The workshop also delved deeply into the ongoing debate between quantitative and qualitative research methods. Dr. Sikoyo argued passionately that qualitative data collection is often more rigorous than its quantitative counterpart, as it requires a deep understanding of the context and the researcher’s ontological views must be clearly represented in the thesis. This approach ensures that the subjective nature of qualitative research is not lost, and that the findings truly reflect the nuanced realities of the study subjects.

On the other hand, Dr. Badru Musisi contributed to the discussion by distinguishing between mixed methods and multi-methods research. He explained that while mixed methods research combines qualitative and quantitative approaches in a single study, multi-methods research involves using multiple methods within the same research paradigm. “Understanding the distinction is crucial,” Dr. Musisi noted, “as it influences how you design your study and interpret your findings.”

Dr. Leah Sikoyo, Dr. Reymick Oketch, Dr. Badru Musisi, Dr. Nicholas Itaaga. School of Education, Department of Languages at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa, workshop aimed at enhancing the research skills of PhD students “Moving from Raw Data to Reporting Findings in Educational Research,” 30th August 2024.

Adding to the discussion, Dr. Reymick Oketch emphasized the critical role of statistical methods in data analysis, particularly within quantitative research. He highlighted that statistical tools enable researchers to uncover patterns, test hypotheses, and draw conclusions with a high degree of precision. “Incorporating statistical methods into your research allows for a more rigorous analysis of data, providing results that are both reliable and valid,” Dr. Oketch explained. He encouraged students to develop a strong foundation in statistical analysis to enhance the quality of their research outcomes.

Reporting Research Findings

One of the workshop’s highlights was a session led by Dr. Michael Gallagher, who provided practical guidance on presenting research findings effectively. Dr. Gallagher emphasized that research findings should directly answer the research questions posed at the outset of the study. He advised students to draw clear connections between their findings and the themes that emerged during the data analysis, ensuring that their conclusions are firmly grounded in both their data and the existing literature.

Dr. Gallagher also underscored the importance of transparency in reporting research methods. “Be sure to mention all the methods you used to collect data,” he advised. “This not only adds credibility to your research but also provides a roadmap for others who may wish to replicate your study.” He further encouraged PhD students to be reflexive in their analysis, emphasizing the importance of critically examining their own assumptions, biases, and perspectives throughout the research process. Reflexivity in research analysis involves being aware of how the researcher’s identity, experiences, and positioning might influence the interpretation of data and the outcomes of the study.

Dr. Nambi Rebecca (Standing) with some of the participants. School of Education, Department of Languages at Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa, workshop aimed at enhancing the research skills of PhD students “Moving from Raw Data to Reporting Findings in Educational Research,” 30th August 2024.

In a practical session, Dr. Nambi Rebecca introduced the students to a presentation model she code-named PEE—Point, Evidence, and Explanation. She explained that this model helps in structuring arguments logically and effectively. “Start with your Point, back it up with Evidence from your research, and then provide an Explanation that ties it all together,” Dr. Nambi advised. This approach, she noted, is especially useful when presenting complex research findings, as it ensures clarity and coherence in the delivery.

A Valuable Learning Experience

The workshop was lauded by participants for its practical focus and the opportunity to learn directly from seasoned researchers. “It was an eye-opening experience,” said one of the PhD students in attendance. “The insights shared will definitely shape how I approach my own research, especially in terms of grounding my work in theory and being more reflective in my analysis.”

As the event concluded, there was a palpable sense of empowerment among the PhD students, who left with a clearer understanding of how to navigate the complex journey from raw data to meaningful, well-reported research findings. The Department of Languages plans to continue offering such workshops to support the academic growth of its doctoral candidates, ensuring they are well-equipped to contribute to the field of educational research.

The School of Education’s commitment to fostering academic excellence and research rigor is evident through such initiatives. As the doctoral candidates move forward in their research endeavors, the lessons learned from this workshop will undoubtedly serve as a valuable guide, helping them to produce high-quality research that not only advances their academic careers but also contributes to the broader field of education.

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