Agriculture & Environment
Mak Climate Conference Calls for Africanizing Global Resilience Discourses
The International Climate Change Conference held at Makerere University has sparked significant discussions on the need to tailor global climate resilience and adaptation strategies to fit the African context.
The conference, themed, ” Grounding Climate Change in East Africa,” brought together Over 100 participants from eight universities in East Africa and the diaspora encompassing natural scientists, social scientists, humanities, medical, law and art scholars as well as Government ministries and agencies, the private sector and civil society organistaions to debate and propose solutions for the pressing climate issues facing East Africa.
Funded by University of Cambridge in the US, the two day conference (25th -26th July 2024) was convened by Makerere University’s Department of Environmental Managemnet in conjunction with University of Cambridge spearheaded by Prof. Justine Namaalwa , Dr. Patrick Byakaga and Adam Branch.
The conference underscored the urgent need to reframe global climate strategies to better suit African realities. Integrating local knowledge, mainstreaming climate issues across disciplines, enhancing collaboration between academia and practitioners, and valuing cultural perspectives provide a comprehensive roadmap for effective climate action in East Africa. The participants call for immediate and sustained efforts to implement these resolutions to address the climate crisis effectively.
While officially opening the conference at Makerere University CEDAT Conference room, the Deputy Vice Chancellor in charge of Academic Affairs, represented by Dr. Robert Wamala, emphasized the collaborative effort between Makerere University and the University of Cambridge as a significant milestone in addressing global climate challenges.
Dr. Wamala noted that Africa is the most vulnerable continent to climate change due to its limited adaptive capacities. “The continent faces increasing climate extremes like droughts and floods, exacerbating poverty and destroying livelihoods,” he said. He highlighted the dire predictions for East Africa, mentioning significant impacts on agriculture, health, infrastructure, and businesses.
“Climate change is recognized as a constraint limiting East Africa’s efforts to attain many critical sustainable development goals,” Wamala added, stressing the urgency for sustainable solutions amid rising conflicts and insecurity in drought-prone areas.
The conference aims to foster meaningful dialogue and explore innovative solutions to climate change. Dr. Wamala encouraged active participation from attendees, stating, “We all shall be able to shape the conversations on climate change based on our unique experiences, insights, and knowledge.”
He highlighted three key themes for the conference: Africanizing global discourses of resilience and adaptation, Deepening climate justice from East African perspectives, and Grounding climate actions by addressing constraints and building momentum. “These themes encapsulate the manifest nature of climate change and the need for knowledge when exploring opportunities for effectively addressing the challenge,” he explained.
Dr. Wamala concluded by expressing gratitude to the Department of Environmental Management and international partners, reaffirming Makerere University‘s commitment to addressing global challenges. “Together, let us interrogate the complexities of climate change and trigger discussions on tangible actions that will shape a sustainable future,” Dr. Wamala urged.
Co-Convener Highlights the Power of Collaboration in Addressing Climate Change
Representing the Principal of the College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Co-Convener Assoc. Prof. Justine Namaalwa, who is also Chair of the Department of Environmental Management, emphasized the critical role of academic institutions in tackling climate change. Namaalwa underscored that the conference represents a culmination of the college’s mandate to advance research and education in agricultural and environmental sciences.
Prof. Namaalwa praised the collaborative spirit of the conference, noting, “This event is a testament to the power of collaboration and our shared vision to address the pressing issue of climate change in our region.” She highlighted the diverse range of participants, including academics, government officials, and private sector representatives, all coming together with the common goal of enhancing understanding and shaping effective climate actions tailored to East Africa.
She expressed her gratitude towards the leadership of Makerere University and the Centre of African Studies at the University of Cambridge for their significant contributions. “Our appreciation goes to our esteemed partners at the Centre of African Studies, University of Cambridge. Your invaluable partnership and mutual respect have been instrumental in making this conference a reality,” Prof. Namaalwa stated.
Addressing the conference attendees, Namaalwa called for a multidisciplinary approach to climate change. “Climate change is a multifaceted issue that intersects with various fields, including environmental science, agriculture, economics, law, medicine, sociology, and public policy. By integrating insights from these diverse disciplines, we can develop comprehensive and effective actions tailored to our region’s specific needs.” she said.
She urged participants to focus on opportunities for innovation and progress. “The challenges posed by climate change are immense, but so are the opportunities for innovation. Let us emphasize the potential for positive change and work together to build resilient communities, protect our ecosystems, and foster sustainable development.”
In conclusion, Prof. Namaalwa expressed confidence that the conference would act as a catalyst for meaningful action and new partnerships. “I am confident that this conference will inspire new initiatives and collaborations aimed at addressing climate change effectively. Let us seize this opportunity to exchange ideas, share best practices, and forge lasting collaborations for a better future.”
Calls for Unified Climate Research, Localized Solutions, and Redefining Global Models
The Head of African Studies at the University of Cambridge, Prof. Adam Branch outlined three main intellectual and institutional goals for the “Grounding Climate Change in East Africa” conference, emphasizing the need to address fragmentation in climate research, political transformations driven by climate discourse, and the influence of Western-dominated climate models.
Prof. Branch pointed out the fragmentation in climate change research driven by donor priorities. He explained that much of the current research is conducted under varied agendas and lacks coordination among different disciplines and institutions. “The conference aims to bring together researchers from various disciplines and universities to build common agendas, discuss shared challenges, and address the fragmentation caused by donor-driven priorities,” he said.
Branch addressed the political and social transformations triggered by climate change discussions. He noted that climate change is driving significant shifts in policies, institutional changes, and civil society agendas. “Given the broad impacts of climate change, it is crucial to create a platform where civil society, activists, academics, practitioners, and political leaders can reflect on these changes and collaborate on navigating the evolving political and social landscape,” Prof. Branch stated.
Prof. Branch also discussed the need to challenge the dominance of Western climate models and agendas. He highlighted concerns about the relevance of global climate policies and models to African contexts, emphasizing that these frameworks often overlook Africa’s environmental histories and adaptation practices. “To ensure that climate actions are relevant and effective, we must ground climate change discussions in African environmental histories and needs, driven by African researchers. This approach will help avoid perpetuating climate injustice and promote genuine environmental justice,” he asserted.
He concluded by reaffirming the importance of the conference in addressing these key issues, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, and ensuring that climate strategies are tailored to the unique needs and histories of African societies.
Conference Highlights Multidisciplinary Approaches to Climate Change
The conference, held over two days, explored three core themes: Africanizing global discourses of resilience and adaptation; Deepening climate justice with East African perspectives, and Grounding climate actions by addressing constraints and building momentum.
The conference attracted eight universities in East Africa and beyond including Gulu University, Makerere University, University of Cambridge, Uganda Martyrs University Nkozi, University of Dodoma, University of Dar es Salaam, Lira University, and Addis Ababa University. A total of 28 scholarly papers were presented, alongside three keynote speeches and six panel discussions.
During the opening, agenda setting and overview roundtable, Prof. Justine Namaalwa emphasized the critical role of research in shaping climate actions. Dr. Patrick Byakagaba discussed the importance of harnessing synergies between universities and civil society organizations for climate resilience and justice.
Byakagaba emphasized the multifaceted nature of climate justice, stating, “Climate change disproportionately impacts vulnerable populations, and achieving climate justice means addressing these disparities. It involves not only fair distribution of costs and benefits but also correcting historical wrongs.” He explained that climate justice is deeply intertwined with both distributive justice—where wealthier nations shoulder more responsibility—and corrective justice, which seeks to address past inequities.
Byakagaba highlighted the growing involvement of civil society organizations (CSOs) and governments in adopting climate justice perspectives. “while some Global South nations are enacting climate laws that incorporate human rights and intergenerational considerations, successes in climate litigation have been sparse.” This is often due to the technical challenge of proving causal links between human activities and localized climate impacts. He stressed that “robust evidence from technical experts, often based in universities, is essential to support these legal claims.”
Universities, once considered detached from real-world problems, are increasingly aligning their research with societal needs and community priorities. Dr. Byakagaba noted, “The collaboration between universities and CSOs is crucial. Universities have the research capabilities to provide actionable insights, while CSOs offer on-the-ground perspectives and practical experience.” This partnership is seen as a vital strategy for developing and implementing effective climate-resilient interventions.
Policy advocacy for climate justice relies heavily on rigorous, objective research. Dr. Byakagaba explained, “Countries with strong climate laws often have advisory committees that include technical experts from academia and civil society. These committees are vital for shaping and implementing effective climate strategies.” However, many regional and local governments in East Africa still face challenges in creating actionable climate plans.
Addressing barriers to effective university-CSO partnerships—such as power imbalances and differing timelines—requires significant reform. Dr. Byakagaba concluded, “Overcoming these challenges will necessitate a shift in mindset within both universities and CSOs. Strong collaborations between these institutions can drive meaningful climate action and address the pressing challenges of climate change.”
Additionally, Adam Branch and Dr. Florence Ebila presented on extending the climate change debate and engendering climate change action, respectively.The conference featured three keynote addresses. Mathew Bukhi Mabele from the University of Dodoma presented on “Green Extractivism and a Surging Commodity Frontier in African Carbon Forestry.” On the second day, Laury Ocen delivered a keynote on “Framing Climate Security within the Historical Lenses of Oral Texts,” while Aaron Werikhe and Kimono Jamil from the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Water and Environment discussed “Mainstreaming Climate Change in National and Local Government Budgets in Uganda: Opportunities and Challenges.”
Panel discussions covered a range of topics. Panel One, chaired by Prof. Namaalwa, included debates on climate change politics, data, and justice. Panel Two, led by Solomon Olum, focused on land, natural resources, and livelihoods, with discussions on gender dynamics, carbon hegemony, and conservation agriculture. Panel Three, chaired by Arthur Oworo, explored culture and climate change, with presentations on literature, disaster risk reduction, and indigenous knowledge.
Day Two Featured Panel Four, chaired by Laury Ocen, which examined environmental hazards and social vulnerability, including studies on ecosystems, biodiversity, and the impacts of climate change in East Africa. Panel Five, led by Irene Anying, presented research on local climate knowledge and adaptation practices, while Panel Six, chaired by Adam Branch, addressed land, displacement, and ecology, featuring discussions on refugee self-reliance, land tenure, and sustainable development.
The conference successfully fostered a multidisciplinary dialogue on climate change, emphasizing the need for collaborative and context-specific solutions to address the challenges facing East Africa and beyond.
Communiqué: Key Takeaways and Resolutions from the Conference
The conference addressed several critical issues, providing clear resolutions for tackling climate change in East Africa. A major focus was the pivotal role of academia in shaping climate adaptation and resilience strategies for Africa.
Universities and research institutions were urged to lead by developing curricula and research agendas that incorporate African perspectives and solutions. This includes supporting civil society organizations (CSOs) with accessible information and fostering collaborative actions. There was a strong call to mainstream climate change across all academic disciplines, advocating for interdisciplinary approaches and ensuring that all fields, including the humanities, contribute to climate solutions.
The importance of evidence-based climate action was emphasized. It was highlighted that research should inform decision-making processes to ensure that interventions are grounded in solid evidence. This approach is crucial for implementing effective strategies to address climate change challenges.
The conference also underscored the need for research to be deliberate and intentional in influencing policy and practice. Researchers were encouraged not only to generate evidence but also to actively engage in refining and rebutting existing policies and practices. This focused effort aims to ensure that research findings contribute directly to improving climate policies and practices.
Researchers were urged to contribute to climate change mitigation efforts through targeted research that provides actionable insights and solutions for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating climate impacts. Additionally, there was a call for researchers to provide evidence-based results that support both national and international climate policy processes, including the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). This will ensure that climate strategies are informed by the latest research findings.
Academia is expected to play a proactive role in supporting policy and strategy development. Researchers were urged to align their work with policy processes, offering valuable data and analysis to shape and refine climate strategies. This commitment is crucial for bridging the gap between research and practical climate action, ensuring that policies are effective and grounded in robust scientific evidence.
The conference also emphasized the urgent need to realign global climate strategies to better address African realities. By integrating local knowledge, mainstreaming climate issues across disciplines, enhancing collaboration between academia and practitioners, and valuing cultural perspectives, participants laid out a comprehensive roadmap for effective climate action in East Africa. Immediate and sustained efforts are required to implement these resolutions and address the climate crisis effectively.
Local knowledge and perspectives were highlighted, with the conference stressing that societies affected by climate change should not only be seen as victims but also as repositories of valuable indigenous knowledge. Challenging conventional notions of climate change and integrating local insights is essential for developing more effective and contextually relevant solutions.
Climate change was recognized as a cross-cutting issue impacting various sectors of society. The conference underscored the necessity of addressing climate change across political, economic, social, and scientific fields. Comprehensive engagement from all academic disciplines, including the humanities, is vital. Integrating diverse perspectives will ensure a holistic approach to tackling climate change and its multifaceted impacts.
Sustainable charcoal practices were identified as a critical area for environmental conservation and local livelihoods. The sub-region was highlighted as a key area for implementing such initiatives, emphasizing the need to mitigate deforestation and support community well-being.
Participants were encouraged to become proactive climate change activists, advocate for climate considerations in budget plans, and integrate these issues into everyday practices. Effective climate action requires collaboration between academia and CSOs to create and implement meaningful policies and initiatives.
Communication strategies were addressed, with a focus on using vernacular languages to effectively communicate climate change. This approach is crucial for bridging the gap between universal and local understandings, making climate information more accessible and relevant to diverse communities.
The conference stressed the need for a critical approach to data justice and climate modeling. There was a call for examining climate models and data with consideration of historical injustices, ensuring they inform policies and practices thoughtfully. Caution was advised to avoid perpetuating inequalities or misrepresenting local conditions.
Cultural perspectives and environmental justice were also highlighted. Cultural values and traditional knowledge play a crucial role in conserving natural resources and promoting environmental sustainability. The rich content of oral culture can offer valuable insights for developing effective climate change responses and resilience strategies.
Jane Anyango
Principal Communication Officer
Agriculture & Environment
Mak Launches Phase II of the RUFS Project to Strengthen Climate Resilience & Food Security in Kasese & Mbale Districts
Following the success of its initial phase, Makerere University has launched Phase II of the Resilient Urban Food Systems (RUFS) project, aimed at deepening food security and climate resilience in Kasese Municipality and Mbale City. Funded through the AgriFoSe2030 programme and coordinated by Prof. Frank Mugagga of the Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics, and Climatic Sciences at Makerere University, the project continues to address urban food system challenges through inclusive, climate-smart, and community-driven solutions.
Achievements registered under Phase I of the RUFS Project
Phase I of the RUFS Project delivered a range of impactful outcomes aimed at building more inclusive and sustainable urban food systems. The achievements included:
- Formation of smallholder farmer platforms
- RUFS established the Kasese and Mbale City Food Systems Platforms, empowering smallholder farmers to actively shape resilient urban food systems.
- Multi-stakeholder collaboration
- The project facilitated dialogue among farmers, civil society, private sector actors, and local governments to improve coordination and governance.
- Exposure and exchange visits
- Learning exchanges and site visits enabled peer learning, spurred innovation, and encouraged the adoption of best practices across urban and peri-urban farming communities.
- Capacity building for local experts
- The project enhanced the technical and organizational capacities of local professionals, empowering them to lead and sustain resilient food system initiatives.
- Resource commitment from local governments
- Tangible commitments from local leaders demonstrated strong political will to support inclusive urban food systems.
- Recognition of smallholder farmers
- The contributions of smallholder farmers gained greater recognition, acknowledging their essential role in ensuring food security and urban resilience.
- Amplification of local voices
- Community stories, practices, and lessons were documented and shared widely, helping to shape urban food policies from a grassroots perspective.
Goals and focus of Phase II
Phase II of the RUFS project sets out to: 1) Strengthen flood and drought resilience in urban communities through strengthened stakeholder collaboration in Kasese and Mbale, 2) Raise community awareness on climate risks and equip residents with preventive and adaptive skills, 3) Integrate indigenous and local knowledge into policy and planning for more context-relevant decision-making, and 4) Co-develop knowledge with both state and non-state actors to promote inclusive and evidence-based decisions.
To achieve these goals, the project will strengthen partnerships with key stakeholders, including the Ministry of Water and Environment, AidEnvironment, and potentially the Kampala Capital City Authority (KCCA). It will engage a range of expertise, including flood and drought modeling, spatial analytics, economic assessment of loss and damage, and the reconstruction of socio-hydrological histories of river flows to inform current debates. Participatory methods will be central to the project’s approach, including charrettes (with role plays), walkshops and transect walks, participatory community mapping (of resources, actors, and hotspots), peer-to-peer learning, and experiential learning activities. The core team will be expanded to include policy actors, and innovative partnerships will be developed with government programmes such as the Parish Development Model (PDM) and Operation Wealth Creation (OWC). The project will also explore opportunities for shared use of limited public land for demonstration purposes, and emphasize co-creation of knowledge among all stakeholders.
RUFS Phase II stakeholder engagement in Kasese
The RUFS project team, led by Prof. Frank Mugagga, conducted a stakeholder engagement in Kasese from 17th to 20th August 2025. The primary objective of the engagement was to formally introduce the extension phase of the project and to foster in-depth discussions with key stakeholders on strategies aimed at enhancing and strengthening the ongoing operations.
The event brought together a diverse group of participants, including representatives from the local government, community leaders, implementing partners, and technical experts. Through collaborative dialogue and knowledge sharing, the team sought to align the project goals with community needs and to ensure effective coordination amongst all parties.
The engagement provided a vital platform for stakeholders to offer insights, address challenges, and contribute to the development of sustainable solutions that will drive the success of Phase II of the project.
Highlights from the workshop
Held at Rwenzori International Hotel in Kasese, the two-day workshop featured targeted presentations on enhancing smallholder farmers’ resilience to climate change, effective emergency response mechanisms in the face of climate extremes, and the role of advocacy in advancing community-led climate adaptation strategies.
In their presentation, Mr. Henry Stanley Mbowa (AidEnvironment) and Mr. Muhindo Assanairi Bukanywa (Kasese Agricultural Officer) shared insights on climate-resilient agronomic practices, covering a number of topics including land preparation, crop management, pest control, water conservation, postharvest handling, and market access.
Mr. Kipurah Gideon briefed participants on the role of the Uganda Red Cross Society (URCS) in emergency response, offering an insightful overview of the organization’s operations within disaster management frameworks. In relation to the RUFS Project, which focuses on enhancing urban resilience and food security, Mr. Kipurah explained how URCS integrates emergency response strategies to mitigate the impact of crises on vulnerable populations.
In his address, Mr. Lhughabwe Wilson, Principal Community Development Officer, Kasese Municipality, emphasized the pivotal role of advocacy in building climate-resilient communities. He noted that effective advocacy enables local stakeholders to influence policy, mobilize resources, and promote sustainable, community-driven solutions, all critical to developing resilient urban food systems in the context of growing climate uncertainties.
Remarks and success stories by the RUFS Champions
During the workshop, RUFS champions alongside several farmers from Kasese Municipality shared their success stories, highlighting the positive impact their initiatives have had on the community. Ms. Eunice Muyama, a Physical Planner from Mbale City and a committed RUFS Champion, emphasized the need to integrate urban farming into wider infrastructure development plans. She highlighted the challenges brought about by rapid urbanization, which continues to consume valuable land and reduce green spaces. “It is vital that we implement innovative planning strategies to make the most of even the smallest plots of land.” To set a practical example, she personally practices urban farming at her home, demonstrating that it is both feasible and beneficial to cultivate crops within city environments.
Mr. Juma Wephukhulu, a dedicated urban farmer in Mbale City credits the support of the RUFS Project for his transformative journey from a small-scale backyard gardener to a prominent agricultural entrepreneur and community mobilizer. In 2012, inspired by the story of a Kenyan woman who turned her backyard garden into a thriving vegetable supply business for Nairobi’s hotels, Juma made a life-changing decision. He resigned from his job of managing a guest house and embarked on a mission to replicate similar success through urban farming. With only 45,000 Ugandan shillings and a family of six in a rented home, his resolve to succeed was unwavering. “I was driven by the idea that wealth and opportunity can be right on your doorstep,” Juma said.
Starting in 2014, Juma laid out a detailed plan to establish a demonstration farm and training centre, supply fresh vegetables to neighbours, sell seedlings and mature plants, produce organic manure, and train local farmers. Despite challenges like the COVID-19 pandemic, his enterprise thrived, gaining traction through media appearances and community workshops.
A significant turning point came in 2021 when Juma was selected to participate in RUFS activities in Mbale. With the involvement of RUFS, Juma’s farm and leadership abilities gained greater recognition. He was elected Chairperson of the Mbale City Food Systems Platform (MCFS), further amplifying his impact in the region. The project support went beyond training and resources; they sponsored Juma and his colleague Mary to attend the prestigious Harvest Money Expo in Kololo, providing funds for food, transport, accommodation, and allowances. The project also facilitated media documentation of Juma’s success story through NBS and Salt TV, helping share his inspiring journey widely.
With RUFS assistance, Juma and his team registered their platform as a Community-Based Organization (CBO) in August 2022, gaining official recognition and access to wider partnerships. He recently completed a book chronicling his farming experiences, supported by RUFS, to inspire and educate others. “The RUFS Project has been instrumental in my growth, not just financially but in exposure, training, and networking. Their support has enabled me to dream bigger, including plans to establish a 10-acre incubator farm integrating crops, fish farming, poultry, and more,” he narrated.
Ms. Eunice Mutooro Sunday, an urban farmer in Kasese and lead smallholder on the RUFS Project, has become a passionate advocate for urban and kitchen farming in her district. Through her active participation in the RUFS Project, Ms. Mutooro gained invaluable exposure to innovative urban farming models and acquired advanced agricultural techniques that have significantly enhanced her farming practices. This experience not only deepened her knowledge but also ignited a strong passion to empower others around her. As a respected leader within her local church, she leverages her influential position to mobilize community members and champion sustainable agricultural practices. She has become the primary ambassador of the RUFS initiative in her congregation, where she leads training sessions focused on kitchen gardening and sanitation. To foster enthusiasm and engagement, she introduced friendly competitions among households, encouraging them to cultivate and consume a minimum of three different types of vegetables from their own gardens. This innovative approach has successfully motivated many families to embrace home-grown produce as part of their daily diet. Through her tireless efforts, she encourages everyone to become proactive agents of change.
Mr. Edrick Bwambale, a smallholder farmer based in Kasese Municipality explained how the RUFS Project inspired him to mobilise fellow youth to establish an organization focused on promoting sustainable agri-food systems. The organization, known as ‘Sustainable Agri-Food Initiative (SAFI)’, is now working to address key challenges in food systems within Kasese District.
Remarks by the district officials
Addressing the participants, the Deputy Mayor of Kasese Municipality, Mr. Mapungo Rabson, together with the Deputy Town Clerk, Mr. Kambasu Zedekiah Kayiri, expressed appreciation for the RUFS project. They commended its forward-thinking and strategic approach in addressing the complex challenges facing the district, particularly those arising from rapid urbanization. Both officials emphasized that initiatives like RUFS are essential for promoting sustainable development, enhancing food security, and building the resilience of urban communities amidst increasing environmental and socio-economic pressures. The Deputy Mayor emphasized the need for a sustainability plan to ensure that the benefits of such initiatives are maintained and enhanced over time.
Assessment of the progress of RUFS Phase II
At the end of the workshop, the RUFS team conducted site visits to assess the progress of Phase I initiatives. One such visit was to Mobuku II Cooperative Society, a farmer group established during Phase I that now includes 385 members, many of them women and youth. The cooperative has successfully secured fair contract farming deals, embraced agribusiness, and adopted climate-smart practices.
During the visit, in-depth discussions were held with cooperative leaders to identify opportunities for RUFS to continue strengthening support for smallholder farmers in Kasese. The dialogue focused on scaling sustainable farming techniques, improving market access, and enhancing the cooperative’s capacity to build resilience against climate-related challenges.
Way forward to ensure sustainability of the RUFS Project
Participants proposed that the municipality allocates land for community demonstration projects. Moving forward, Phase II of the project will focus on establishing and developing local demonstration sites. These sites will serve as key platforms to showcase tangible progress, innovative approaches, and best practices to stakeholders and the broader community. This strategy aims to encourage greater engagement, facilitate knowledge sharing, and promote the replication of successful models, thereby ensuring scalability and sustainability of the RUFS Project.
The project team held a similar engagement in Mbale City from 24th-27th August 2025.
Pictorial of the RUFS Project stakeholder engagement in Kasese Municipality –
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1XM64I-bKTvGb-uN_w9jIxaAuOWJwFSZX?usp=sharing
Agriculture & Environment
Combating Child Malnutrition in the Face of Climate Change: Mak’s Healthy Soy Initiative Offers Hope
*****Funded by the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs through DANIDA, the Healthy Soy Project seeks to develop sustainable, affordable, and nutritious soy-based food solutions to help combat stunting in Uganda and other climate-vulnerable regions. The Project inception meeting was held on 15th August 2025 at CAES, Makerere University.
Overview
Child malnutrition remains one of the most pressing public health challenges worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 148 million children under the age of five were affected by stunting in 2023, a condition caused by chronic under-nutrition that impairs both physical and cognitive development. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 2 aims to end all forms of malnutrition by 2030, but climate change, rising food insecurity, and deepening inequality are making this goal increasingly difficult to achieve.
Expert reports indicate that as the global climate crisis accelerates, its ripple effects are being felt most acutely in the Global South. Prolonged droughts, erratic rainfall, and frequent natural disasters are reducing crop yields, diminishing nutrient density in food, and driving up food prices. For smallholder farmers, who form the backbone of food production in many developing countries, these changes are devastating. Without the resources to invest in irrigation or climate-adaptive technologies, they are hit hardest by agricultural losses.
The burden of climate-induced food insecurity and malnutrition is not shared equally. Children are particularly vulnerable, as their growth demands a consistent intake of high-quality nutrients. Women, meanwhile, are doubly impacted. They are often both food producers and the primary caregivers responsible for child nutrition. These gendered and generational inequalities are deepening as food systems falter under environmental stress.
Stunting and the Need for High-Quality Protein
Stunting in children is one of the most visible forms of malnutrition. Once it occurs, reversing it is challenging, though not impossible. For children affected by stunting to catch up in growth, their diets must include high-quality proteins, which are essential for muscle and tissue development.
Animal-source foods such as milk, eggs, and meat provide proteins with the highest biological value. However, in low-income settings, these foods are often prohibitively expensive or unavailable. Soybeans offer a promising alternative – they are a plant-based source of relatively high-quality protein, widely grown and consumed in many parts of the world. However, soy is not without limitations. Its protein bioavailability can be reduced by natural compounds known as anti-nutrients, which inhibit digestion and absorption.
The Healthy Soy Project: A Science-Based Solution for Sustainable Nutrition
In response to this challenge, Makerere University, in collaboration with partners and with funding from the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs through the Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA) has launched an innovative research project titled Climate-resilient soybean for improved growth and health of children in Uganda (Healthy Soy). This multi-year project seeks to develop sustainable, affordable, and nutritious soy-based food solutions to help combat stunting in Uganda and other climate-vulnerable regions. The University of Copenhagen, Denmark is leading the project, with Makerere University and RECO Industries Limited as partners. The overall PI of the Project is Prof. Benedikte Grenov from the University of Copenhagen. At Makerere University, the project is coordinated by Prof. Phinehas Tukamuhabwa. Other project members include Assoc. Prof. Nanna Roos and Prof. Inge Tetens from the University of Copenhagen; Assoc. Prof. Dorothy Nakimbugwe and Assoc. Prof. Ezekiel Mupere from Makerere University; Mr. Alex Kisembo from RECO Industries Limited; and Prof. Daniel Tomé from Université Paris-Saclay, France.
The Healthy Soy project is structured around four key work packages
WP1 – Selecting Climate-Resilient, Nutrient-Rich Soybean Varieties
Researchers will identify and develop soybean strains that are both resilient to climate stressors and contain high levels of protein with reduced anti-nutrient content, making them more suitable for vulnerable populations.
WP2 – Enhancing Protein Bioavailability through Food Processing
Advanced food processing technologies will be employed to reduce anti-nutrient levels and improve the bioavailability of soy protein. The project will also evaluate how effectively soy protein supports catch-up growth in children affected by stunting.
WP3 – Developing Local Soy-Based Food Supplements
Working closely with local communities and food producers, the project will design and test new soy-based supplements tailored to local dietary habits. These products will be tested for their impact on child health and growth.
WP4 – Building Local Research Capacity and Sharing Knowledge
Capacity-building is a core element of Healthy Soy. The project will invest in training Ugandan researchers, strengthening local institutions, and disseminating findings to farmers, policymakers, health professionals, and other stakeholders across the region. At Makerere University, the project is supporting 3 PhD fellows namely: Ms. Nashim Nassanga from the Department of Crop Science and Horticulture, Mr. Amos Asiimwe from the Department of Food Technology and nutrition, and Ms. Prudence Ainomugisha from the College of Health Sciences. Ms. Nassanga will focus on identifying climate-smart soybean breeding lines for adaptability and farmers’ acceptability under severe climate conditions in Eastern, Northern, and Western Uganda; Mr. Asiimwe will develop soybean processing protocols to reduce anti-nutrients, improve soy protein bioavailability, and estimate its potential to support catch-up growth in children with stunting; and Prudence Ainomugisha will examine the effects of locally produced soy-based LNS on the growth and health of children with stunting.
The Healthy Soy Project Inception Meeting
On 15th August 2025, the project team held an inception meeting to discuss strategies for its implementation. The session brought together representatives from all partner institutions who shared a detailed overview of their respective roles, and expected contributions to the initiative. The discussions focused on aligning stakeholder roles, clarifying project objectives, and ensuring a coordinated approach to execution.
During the meeting, Prof. Benedikte Grenov, the Principal Investigator, delivered a comprehensive overview of the project. She emphasized the collaborative nature of the project and highlighted the importance of each stakeholder’s role in achieving the intended outcomes. Her presentation set the stage for subsequent contributions from each partner institution, outlining their respective roles and planned activities within the project.
Dr Mildred Ochwo Ssemakula, Prof. John Muyonga, and Dr Robert Mugabi from Makerere University Departments of Crop Science and Horticulture, and Food Technology and Nutrition respectively, briefed the team on their (Departments’) role in the soybean value chain, while Dr Ephraim Nuwamanya from the Makerere University Centre for Soybean Improvement and Development (MAKCSID) shared insights into their ongoing research activities, particularly focused on developing climate-resilient soybean varieties and how these efforts align with the goals of the Healthy Soy Project. The meeting also featured a presentation on the activities of the Child Health Development Centre (CHDC) and its role in the project. Based within the College of Health Sciences at Makerere University, the CHDC will support the training of a full-time PhD fellow who will coordinate and implement a randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT) involving 300 children affected by stunting.
The representative from RECO Industries Limited, Mr. Alex Kisembo shared their experience in soybean processing and outlined their planned contribution to the project’s product development streams. Additionally, the integration of the Healthy Soy initiative into the national nutrition programming was discussed, with an emphasis on aligning it with priority areas within the health sector. The roles of the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF) and the Uganda National Bureau of Standards (UNBS) were also presented, particularly focusing on their support for soybean development through policy formulation, quality assurance, and regulatory processes, as well as their planned contributions to the project’s implementation.
Prof. Charles Masembe briefed participants on the reporting and accountability procedures of the Makerere University Grants Administration and Management Support Unit (GAMSU).
The meeting was moderated by Prof. Phinehas Tukamuhabwa and Dr Jenipher Bisikwa from the Department of Crop Science and Horticulture, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES), Makerere University.
Link to project inception meeting pictorial:
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1oTo8rhX89Nt1uXy3W0vVRUWkz5vi8WGg?usp=sharing
First Year students admitted to the College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES), Makerere University have been cautioned to approach University life with clear purpose and focus.
Speaking at the College orientation on 7th August 2025, CAES Principal, Prof. Gorettie Nabanoga urged the students to set goals from the start of their academic journey and to work diligently to achieve them. “University life offers tremendous opportunities, but it also comes with freedoms that can easily lead you off course,” she warned. “Set your academic and personal goals early – understand why you are here, what you want to accomplish, and how you intend to achieve it.”
She encouraged the students to take full advantage of the academic resources, mentorship programmes, and practical training opportunities offered by the College, while also warning them about the distractions that often derail student focus. “Social life is part of the experience, but never let it overshadow your purpose.”
Prof. Nabanoga highlighted the college’s commitment to nurturing future leaders in agriculture, environmental sciences, food technology, and related disciplines. “You join CAES at a critical time when global challenges like climate change, food security, and sustainability demand your innovation and passion. At CAES, we are committed to empowering our students to become job creators and leaders in the agricultural sector.”
The event featured addresses from other key college and University administrators, academic leaders, and representatives from the student guild, who all echoed the importance of intentionality, discipline, and resilience throughout the university journey.
In his remarks, the Deputy Principal of the College, Prof. Yazidhi Bamutaze welcomed the First Year students, commending them for joining a College committed to academic excellence and societal impact. “You are fortunate to be part of a college that has carefully designed its academic programmes to align with real-world development pathways,” he said. “Our core mission revolves around the production of knowledge that responds to both local and global needs.”
He emphasized the College’s pivotal role in nurturing critical human capital, likening it to a factory that refines raw talent into highly skilled graduates. “We see ourselves as a knowledge production hub, taking in inputs in the form of students and transforming them into outputs ready to meet the demands of the competitive global market.”
Prof. Bamutaze reiterated the College’s commitment to ensuring that every student receives the support, training, and exposure needed to thrive both academically and professionally. “We are dedicated to ensuring that the entire academic journey is seamless and impactful.
During the orientation programme, the Deans of the schools at CAES introduced the students to the academic programmes offered within their units. In addition to the school-specific briefings, the students received information about the University’s academic structure and operations. This included guidance on essential processes such as registration and examination procedures. They were also introduced to a wide range of support services and institutional policies designed to enhance their academic experience and overall well-being. These included the University’s ICT support systems, library resources, the structure and timelines for fee payments, and key regulatory frameworks such as the Anti-Sexual Harassment Policy and the Safeguarding Policy.
Furthermore, students were informed about the availability of counselling and guidance services, which play a vital role in supporting mental health and personal development. The session also emphasized the University’s commitment to student welfare, aiming to foster a safe, inclusive, and supportive learning environments to stand out wherever they go.
Briefing students on the University’s Safeguarding Policy, Prof. Justine Namaalwa emphasized the importance of creating an inclusive and respectful learning environment, strongly cautioning against all forms of discrimination, particularly against persons with disabilities. She reaffirmed the University’s commitment to protecting the dignity, rights, and well-being of every individual, in line with the safeguarding principles of equity, non-discrimination, and accountability.
As an integral component of the orientation programme, the students toured the college facilities to familiarise with the various resources and spaces available, including classrooms, laboratories, the library, recreational areas, and administrative offices.
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