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CoNAS Moves to Popularise the Bachelor of Science Programme, Improve Performance in the Subject of Biology

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Overview

Basic biological research offered by the School of Biosciences at the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS), more so at the Department of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences (ZEFS) requires continuous recruitment of trainees to ensure its sustainability at Makerere University. Over the years, there has been a decline in the number of students admitted to offer biological courses at the School of Biosciences due to poor performance, but also the negative perception about the courses. These courses are often termed as “FLAT” during career guidance at high school, an indication that even the career teachers do not have a clear understanding of the Bachelor of Science degree programme. The perception that the programme is flat with no job prospects makes it unpopular, yet basic sciences are a pivot for several other applied sciences that significantly contribute to the wellbeing of humans and the economy of the country. For example, studies in basic Zoology, Botany, Chemistry and Biochemistry are a basis for effective understanding of applied courses such as plant breeding, vector control, wildlife management, plant pollination, environmental conservation, veterinary science, and human health management, among others. The decline in uptake of these programmes is a big challenge as it is likely to affect the learning of applied sciences.

Dr. Godfrey Kawooya Kubiriza, coordinator of the project, welcoming participants to the seminar. Zoological Museum and Aquarium, Department of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences, CoNAS, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda. East Africa.
Dr. Godfrey Kawooya Kubiriza, coordinator of the project, welcoming participants to the seminar.

The reduced recruitment of students into basic sciences has long term implications of missing on key scientists to support research in various scientific fields, yet the graduates of Bachelor of Science degree have numerous opportunities to undertake research and academic work in several national and international research institutions, academic institutions, and the private sector. The use of the term “FLAT” by career masters reflects the lack of clear understanding of the vast opportunities that this course exposes the candidates to, both in public and private sectors.

Dr. Kubiriza briefs participants on the research activities at CoNAS. Zoological Museum and Aquarium, Department of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences, CoNAS, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda. East Africa.
Dr. Kubiriza briefs participants on the research activities at CoNAS.

Plans to popularise the Bachelor of Science programme

To increase uptake, CoNAS has embarked on a programme to popularize the courses offered at the School of Biosciences among high school science teachers and learners by deciphering the myths associated with the Bachelor of Science degree. Broadly, the action aims at arousing the interest and improve academic performance among high school students in biology, and ultimately increase the students applying for the courses offered at the Department of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences. Specifically, the programme aims to popularize research by early career researchers in the Department of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences in selected schools with A-level biology students, as well as biology and career teachers. The Department of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences will engage selected schools to share progressive research, experiences and lessons learnt to cultivate/arouse interest among the biological students in high schools. During the engagement sessions, the team will discuss possibilities to improve performance in biology and inform the next course of action.

Dr. Joel Isanga from the Department of Biochemistry and Sports Science moderated the seminar. Zoological Museum and Aquarium, Department of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences, CoNAS, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda. East Africa.
Dr. Joel Isanga from the Department of Biochemistry and Sports Science moderated the seminar.

The programme is coordinated by Dr Godfrey Kawooya Kubiriza, a Lecturer in the Department of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences and a postdoc fellow for CECAP. It is part of the activities supported under his project on “Popularizing early career research for increased visibility of the Department of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences”.

Participants follow the proceedings of the seminar. Zoological Museum and Aquarium, Department of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences, CoNAS, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda. East Africa.
Participants follow the proceedings of the seminar.

CoNAS engagement with Secondary School Biology teachers

On 26th July 2023, the CoNAS through the Department of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences held a seminar for Secondary School teachers from selected schools around the country. The one-day seminar was funded by the Carnegie Corporation of New York, through the Directorate of Research and Graduate Training at Makerere University. It was intended to bridge the gap between the School of Biosciences, Makerere University and high school biology teachers in Uganda.  It was also aimed at sensitising the teachers about the programmes at CoNAS, the importance of the Bachelor of Science programme and the opportunities it presents. The Seminar held at ZEFS was graced by the Commissioner in charge of Crop Inspection and Certification at the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF), Mr. Paul Mwambu; the Principal of CoNAS, Prof. Winston Tumps Ireeta, and senior academics from the School of Biosciences, Makerere University.

Staff from the School of Biosciences, CoNAS and secondary school biology teachers at the seminar. Zoological Museum and Aquarium, Department of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences, CoNAS, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda. East Africa.
Staff from the School of Biosciences, CoNAS and secondary school biology teachers at the seminar.

During the engagement, academics from the School of Biosciences sensitized the teachers on the programmes in their departments, highlighting the different course units, research activities, career prospects and opportunities, and emphasizing the importance of the BSc programme.

The Principal of CoNAS, Prof. Winston Tumps Ireeta emphasized the need to retool biology teachers and pledged the College support towards secondary school career guidance programmes. Zoological Museum and Aquarium, Department of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences, CoNAS, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda. East Africa.
The Principal of CoNAS, Prof. Winston Tumps Ireeta emphasized the need to retool biology teachers and pledged the College support towards secondary school career guidance programmes.

The Dean, School of Biosciences, also Patron of the Biology Society of Uganda (BioSU) delivered a presentation on the past, present and future dynamics of biology, stressing its relevance in driving the world systems in the next century. He also briefed participants on the BioSU and its intended purpose to improve performance in the subject of biology that has been declining over the years. A research conducted in the performance of Biology at the UACE sitting of 2018 whose results were released in February 2019, indicated that a total of 13,061 candidates sat for Biology countrywide, and of these only 1 candidate scored an “A”. That year, only up to 38% of the candidates scored at least an “E” leaving almost 80% failed (score O or F). In the next year’s sitting of 2019, only 44 candidates countrywide scored “A” in Biology. This trend was found quite repeated several times before 2018 and has not improved to-date post COVID-19. To solve this problem, Makerere University through the School of Biosciences at CoNAS in partnership with the College of Education and External Studies (CEES) under the supervision of the office of the Deputy Vice Chancellor in charge of Academic Affairs has embarked on a programme to identify the root causes of poor performance, by undertaking a detailed and carefully planned analysis of the qualifications, competence, and availability of Biology teachers and technicians at A’ level; the scope- breadth and depth of Biology curriculum at A’ level; how topics are segregated or not segregated in different UNEB past papers of Biology at A’ level in comparison to other A’ level subjects; the state of laboratory and field infrastructure for teaching Biology at A’ level; and attitudes of learners/students towards Biology at A’ level.

The Commissioner in charge of Crop Inspection and Certification at MAAIF, Mr. Paul Mwambu shared his experience about the Bachelor of Science and the enormous job opportunities the programme presents. Zoological Museum and Aquarium, Department of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences, CoNAS, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda. East Africa.
The Commissioner in charge of Crop Inspection and Certification at MAAIF, Mr. Paul Mwambu shared his experience about the Bachelor of Science and the enormous job opportunities the programme presents.

During his presentation, Prof. Tugume appealed to government to support and promote skilling programmes, noting that there are many people who have not had an opportunity to acquire University education but are doing wonders because of the skills attained from vocational training.

MAAIF Commissioner Paul Mwambu addressing participants at the seminar. Zoological Museum and Aquarium, Department of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences, CoNAS, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda. East Africa.
MAAIF Commissioner Paul Mwambu addressing participants at the seminar.

At the same meeting, Dr Kubiriza presented the research activities at the College, specifically in the Department of ZEFS, whereas Mr. Paul Mwambu, Commissioner in charge of Crop Inspection and Certification at MAAIF narrated how his study of the Bachelor of Science programme had exposed him enormous employment opportunities. 

The Dean, School of Biosciences, CoNAS, Prof. Arthur Tugume briefed participants on the relevance of biology and strategies being undertaken by the University to improve performance in the subject. Zoological Museum and Aquarium, Department of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences, CoNAS, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda. East Africa.
The Dean, School of Biosciences, CoNAS, Prof. Arthur Tugume briefed participants on the relevance of biology and strategies being undertaken by the University to improve performance in the subject.

During the engagement, the secondary school teachers shared the challenges they experience and brainstormed on strategies that can be used to demystify the negativity about the Bachelor of Science programme. They also shared ideas on how to improve performance in subject of biology, emphasizing the need to review the syllabus and to retool the teachers. “The syllabus is so wide and this could be one of the lead causes of poor performance in the subject,” Prof. Tugume noted.

Dr. Gladys Bwanika from ZEFS addressing participants. Zoological Museum and Aquarium, Department of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences, CoNAS, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda. East Africa.
Dr. Gladys Bwanika from ZEFS addressing participants.

In his remarks, the Principal of CoNAS, Prof. Winston T. Ireeta emphasized the importance of career guidance and sharing of resources to improve performance. He pledged the College support towards secondary school career guidance programmes and retooling of teachers.

An official from the Department of Academic Registrar, Mr. Justus Karegeya briefed participants on the requirements for admission to the different programmes of Makerere. Zoological Museum and Aquarium, Department of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences, CoNAS, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda. East Africa.
An official from the Department of Academic Registrar, Mr. Justus Karegeya briefed participants on the requirements for admission to the different programmes of Makerere.

Participants follow proceedings during the seminar. Zoological Museum and Aquarium, Department of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences, CoNAS, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda. East Africa.
Participants follow proceedings during the seminar.

Hasifa Kabejja

Natural Sciences

Makerere Researchers Call for Urgent Conservation of Medicinal Plants in Eastern Uganda

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The PI, Dr Patience Tugume at the research dissemination workshop in Namutumba District on 23rd July 2025. Researchers led by Dr Patience Tugume, Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) documented 174 medicinal plant species under project “Knowledge, Attitudes, and Conservation of Commonly Traded Medicinal Plants in a Climate-Changing Environment in Eastern Uganda,” funded by Government of Uganda through the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (MakRIF), research dissemination workshop, 23rd July 2025, Namutumba District, Uganda East Africa.

Researchers from the Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology, and Biotechnology at the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS), Makerere University have highlighted the urgent need to conserve medicinal plants in the face of increasing threats from climate change, over-harvesting, and habitat destruction.

Despite Namutumba District’s rich diversity of medicinal plants, conservation efforts are limited, and several species are already classified as globally and nationally threatened. This highlights the urgent need for focused conservation strategies to safeguard these vulnerable medicinal plants.

Dr Tugume addressing the workshop participants on the key research findings. Researchers led by Dr Patience Tugume, Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) documented 174 medicinal plant species under project “Knowledge, Attitudes, and Conservation of Commonly Traded Medicinal Plants in a Climate-Changing Environment in Eastern Uganda,” funded by Government of Uganda through the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (MakRIF), research dissemination workshop, 23rd July 2025, Namutumba District, Uganda East Africa.
Dr Tugume addressing the workshop participants on the key research findings.

Under a project titled “Knowledge, Attitudes, and Conservation of Commonly Traded Medicinal Plants in a Climate-Changing Environment in Eastern Uganda,” a team of researchers led by Dr Patience Tugume documented 174 medicinal plant species. The goal was to assess the existential threats facing these plants due to unsustainable harvesting practices and the lack of effective conservation measures. These species are widely used to treat various health conditions, including malaria, syphilis, diabetes, hypertension, and certain cancers. The findings of the study are intended to guide the development of species-specific, evidence-based interventions to curb possible extinction and loss of medicinal plant resources. The research revealed troubling trends in the availability of key medicinal plants, including:

  1. The herbalists mostly collected their medicinal plants from bushlands (92.0%), markets (82.3%) and wetlands (74.7%) and were rarely cultivated. This is of great concern regarding the conservation and future availability of these resources.
  2. It was noted that 36% of the herbal products were made from roots, which presents a conservation threat since the heavy utilization of roots affects the regeneration of the medicinal plants.
  3. Common plants used were: Kigelia africana (Naibere), Erythrina abyssinica (Ekiyirikiti) and Geranium sauveolens (Lokowe). Kigelia africana was the most cited species by the herbalists, indicating heavy utilization and a high conservation threat if deliberate measures are not taken to ensure its future availability.
  4. Almost all respondents (289, 96.3%) acknowledged a considerable decline in the availability of 13 medicinal plants species including Aloe wollastonii (Ekigagi), Commiphora africana (Nkulidho), Myrica kandtiana (Mukikimbo) and Acacia sieberiana (Mufundawuzi).
  5. Four plant species i.e. Tamarindus indica (Enkoge), Warburgia ugandensis (Balwegira), Mitragyna rubrastipulata (Mutamatama) and Mondia whitei (Mulondo) appear on the Red List of Globally and Nationally Threatened Species and were mentioned among the plants whose population has greatly declined.
  6. The causes of decline in availability of medicinal plants included climate change, overharvesting, agricultural expansion, habitat destruction, land use change and inadequate regulations.
  7. There were no medicinal plant conservation efforts by herbalists.
Kigelia africana was the most cited species by the herbalists, indicating heavy utilization and a high conservation threat. Researchers led by Dr Patience Tugume, Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) documented 174 medicinal plant species under project “Knowledge, Attitudes, and Conservation of Commonly Traded Medicinal Plants in a Climate-Changing Environment in Eastern Uganda,” funded by Government of Uganda through the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (MakRIF), research dissemination workshop, 23rd July 2025, Namutumba District, Uganda East Africa.
Kigelia africana was the most cited species by the herbalists, indicating heavy utilization and a high conservation threat.

Participants included leaders of the herbalist associations, traders and research assistants. Researchers led by Dr Patience Tugume, Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) documented 174 medicinal plant species under project “Knowledge, Attitudes, and Conservation of Commonly Traded Medicinal Plants in a Climate-Changing Environment in Eastern Uganda,” funded by Government of Uganda through the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (MakRIF), research dissemination workshop, 23rd July 2025, Namutumba District, Uganda East Africa.
Participants included leaders of the herbalist associations, traders and research assistants.

The study recommended the following practices to ensure conservation of the medicinal plants:

  1. Promote the use of sustainable harvesting techniques to ensure conservation of medicinal plants.
  2. Conduct capacity building for stakeholders in the medicinal plants sector on conservation, value addition and standardization.
  3. Establish community botanical gardens raw plant collection and sensitization programmes.
  4. Advocate for agroforestry among herbalists to reduce the dependence on natural habitats.
  5. Develop and enforce regulations on accessing natural areas for medicinal plants.
  6. Promote conservation awareness campaigns.
Dr Tugume appreciating the Chief Administrative Officer-Namutumba, Mr. Ofwono Emmanuel for hosting the Dissemination Workshop at the District Offices. Researchers led by Dr Patience Tugume, Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) documented 174 medicinal plant species under project “Knowledge, Attitudes, and Conservation of Commonly Traded Medicinal Plants in a Climate-Changing Environment in Eastern Uganda,” funded by Government of Uganda through the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (MakRIF), research dissemination workshop, 23rd July 2025, Namutumba District, Uganda East Africa.
Dr Tugume appreciating the Chief Administrative Officer-Namutumba, Mr. Ofwono Emmanuel for hosting the Dissemination Workshop at the District Offices.

Research Dissemination in Namutumba District

At the research dissemination workshop held in Namutumba District on 23rd July 2025, and attended by district leaders, researchers, and local herbalists, the project team led by Dr Patience Tugume expressed hope that the insights gained from the project, particularly in medicinal plants conservation approaches, will be invaluable for minimising the decline in medicinal plants.

The Resident District Commissioner-Namutumba, Mr. Fred Aggrey Bangu (Standing), the PI, Dr Patience Tugume (Right), and the LC5 Chairperson, Mr. Mutyaba Patrick (Left). Researchers led by Dr Patience Tugume, Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) documented 174 medicinal plant species under project “Knowledge, Attitudes, and Conservation of Commonly Traded Medicinal Plants in a Climate-Changing Environment in Eastern Uganda,” funded by Government of Uganda through the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (MakRIF), research dissemination workshop, 23rd July 2025, Namutumba District, Uganda East Africa.
The Resident District Commissioner-Namutumba, Mr. Fred Aggrey Bangu (Standing), the PI, Dr Patience Tugume (Right), and the LC5 Chairperson, Mr. Mutyaba Patrick (Left).

In her remarks, Dr Tugume, thanked the Government of Uganda through the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (MakRIF) for funding the project. She expressed gratitude to the research team composed of Dr Abubakar Sadik Mustafa, Dr Jamilu E. Ssenku, Dr Savina Asiimwe, and Dr Abdul Walusansa who have worked with her closely from project inception in February 2024. She further thanked the research assistants and all respondents, mainly the herbalists that participated in the study.

In a special way, she appreciated Mr. Fred Aggrey Bangu (Resident District Commissioner), Mr. Ofwono Emmanuel (Chief Administrative Officer), Mr. Kiire Noah (Communication Officer), Mr. Mugunywa Enock (District Community Development Officer), Mr. Kirya Moses (District Environmental Officer), Mr. Bamusubire William (District Forest Officer) and the leaders of herbalist associations for providing support throughout the study and sparing time to attend the dissemination workshop.

The MakRIF research Team. Left to right: Mr. Ronald Muwanika, Dr Savina Asiimwe, Dr Patience Tugume (Principal Investigator), Dr Abubakar Sadik Mustafa, and Dr Abdul Walusansa. Researchers led by Dr Patience Tugume, Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) documented 174 medicinal plant species under project “Knowledge, Attitudes, and Conservation of Commonly Traded Medicinal Plants in a Climate-Changing Environment in Eastern Uganda,” funded by Government of Uganda through the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (MakRIF), research dissemination workshop, 23rd July 2025, Namutumba District, Uganda East Africa.
The MakRIF research Team. Left to right: Mr. Ronald Muwanika, Dr Savina Asiimwe, Dr Patience Tugume (Principal Investigator), Dr Abubakar Sadik Mustafa, and Dr Abdul Walusansa.

 Addressing the participants, the Resident District Commissioner, Mr. Fred Aggrey Bangu urged all stakeholders to engage in a collaborative discussion on how the study findings can be translated into practical solutions to promote sustainable use and conservation of commonly used medicinal plants in Namutumba District amidst adverse effects of climate change.

The MakRIF project team with leaders of the Traditional Herbalist Associations. Researchers led by Dr Patience Tugume, Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) documented 174 medicinal plant species under project “Knowledge, Attitudes, and Conservation of Commonly Traded Medicinal Plants in a Climate-Changing Environment in Eastern Uganda,” funded by Government of Uganda through the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (MakRIF), research dissemination workshop, 23rd July 2025, Namutumba District, Uganda East Africa.
The MakRIF project team with leaders of the Traditional Herbalist Associations.

Mr. Ofwono Emmanuel, the Chief Administrative Officer, praised the Makerere research team for selecting Namutumba as the study area. He said the research served as an eye-opener to the district officials and community, especially regarding the pressure exerted on natural medicinal resources.

Front left to right: Mr. Ronald Muwanika (Coordinator), Mugega Amos (Sec. Health), Mutyaba Patrick (LC 5), Bangu Fred (Resident District Commissioner), Dr Patience Tugume (Principal Investigator), Ms. Kiire Noah (Communication Officer), Dr Abubakar Sadik Mustafa (Researcher). Back left to right: Mugunywa Enock (District Community Development Officer), Kirya Moses (District Environmental Officer), Bamusubire William (District Forest Officer). Dr Savina Asiimwe (Researcher), and Dr Abdul Walusansa (Researcher). Researchers led by Dr Patience Tugume, Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) documented 174 medicinal plant species under project “Knowledge, Attitudes, and Conservation of Commonly Traded Medicinal Plants in a Climate-Changing Environment in Eastern Uganda,” funded by Government of Uganda through the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (MakRIF), research dissemination workshop, 23rd July 2025, Namutumba District, Uganda East Africa.
Front left to right: Mr. Ronald Muwanika (Coordinator), Mugega Amos (Sec. Health), Mutyaba Patrick (LC 5), Bangu Fred (Resident District Commissioner), Dr Patience Tugume (Principal Investigator), Ms. Kiire Noah (Communication Officer), Dr Abubakar Sadik Mustafa (Researcher). Back left to right: Mugunywa Enock (District Community Development Officer), Kirya Moses (District Environmental Officer), Bamusubire William (District Forest Officer). Dr Savina Asiimwe (Researcher), and Dr Abdul Walusansa (Researcher).

Report compiled by Dr Patience Tugume and Dr Abubakar Sadik MustafaDepartment of Plant Sciences, Microbiology and Biotechnology, CoNAS, Makerere University

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Hasifa Kabejja

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Beyond Being a Dean of Science & Vice Chancellor Emeritus, Prof. Luboobi was a Friend. Just That!

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Professor Livingstone Sserwadda Luboobi, Vice Chancellor Emeritus, during his term of office 2004-2009. Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
A Tribute by Assoc. Prof. Arthur K. Tugume, Dean, School of Biosciences, CoNAS. Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
A Tribute by Assoc. Prof. Arthur K. Tugume, Dean, School of Biosciences, CoNAS.

Prof. Livingstone Sserwadda Luboobi, Africa’s Icon of Mathematics is gone. The continent has lost a true giant in the field of mathematics, specifically biomathematics. This dynamic and evolving discipline, which applies mathematical principles to the study of biological systems and phenomena, has been deeply shaped by Prof. Luboobi’s legacy. At Makerere University and across Africa, his influence is etched into the fabric of research, mentorship, and innovation. Prof. Luboobi’s contributions have left lasting marks, on the hundreds, perhaps thousands, of lives he touched directly and indirectly. Each of us carries a unique memory, a lesson, or an inspiration drawn from his life and work. We will dearly miss Prof. Luboobi, a brilliant mind, a generous mentor, and a true icon of African science.

To me and my peers, he was our Dean, Faculty of Science in 1995, and he read-out our names at our graduation in January 1999. Later in 2004 as Vice Chancellor, he signed off my official 4-year PhD study leave in Scandinavia. When the 4 years elapsed before I could complete, we returned to the table and successfully negotiated for extra 2 years of grace which enabled me to complete in excellence in January 2010.

May you rest in eternal peace, Professor. Your legacy continues to inspire
May you rest in eternal peace, Professor. Your legacy continues to inspire

Lately, after his retirement, we found ourselves closely intimate, sharing deeper thoughts on a number of social, development, strategic leadership and governance, and academic matters. As a plant biologist, spending time with a retired Professor of Mathematics, one could wonder what we would possibly have to talk about. And yet, our discussions were rich and thought-provoking. One moment that left a lasting impression on me was his quiet humility. Despite the respect and priority I extended to him, he never assumed entitlement. If he sensed I was busy, he would simply wait outside my office, whether at the Botany Building or my current Dean’s office at CONAS, without interrupting. That gesture spoke volumes.

We often talked about science, and I had much to learn from him. I asked how he had managed to start and sustain the Uganda Mathematical Society (UMS), since we were in the process of setting up the Biology Society of Uganda (BioSU) at the time. I also wanted to hear about his journey – from his undergraduate days to becoming a retired professor. As he shared his story, pausing to catch his breath after long sentences, I sensed he was deeply concerned about something. His concern was that, as of 2017, nearly all senior academics at Makerere University had begun their careers humbly as teaching assistants and risen through the ranks in various disciplines, but that opportunity had since been lost.

He believed that trying to establish a sustainable staffing system without a pool of junior staff, selected directly from the best-performing undergraduate students, was a risky path for the university’s future. With a troubled tone, he said: “I wonder how you people will manage university staffing in the long term when you have removed the foundation…” There were many lessons in that conversation for me.

In October 2023, I started assembling a grant application together with my European and American colleagues (5 Universities) for submission to National Science Foundation (NSF, USA), addressing a certain plant disease conundrum in East Africa. I realized Prof. Luboobi’s expertise in Biomathematics could be relevant. I co-opted him along with another colleague from the Department of Mathematics. I was fascinated at the express knowledge he displayed in modelling biological systems, and in our case, plant disease modelling. Much as his physical strength was less, the intellect was razor-sharp. Even though we didn’t succeed on that attempt, I had numerous other lessons to learn from his seniority.

We shared personal stories. I re-learnt that living simple as much as possible helps a lot. Although this was not new, hearing it from one you respect takes on a whole new meaning. If I died today, I wonder what my peers or junior colleagues would say about me? I would not hear it, though. I am happy I had chance to tell Prof. Luboobi what he meant to me when he was still alive.

I regret his death. We usually say it is untimely, but will death of a loved one ever be timely? Holy Scripture says, Seeing his days are determined, the number of his months is with You; You have appointed his bounds that he cannot pass.” – Job 14:5. This is an emphasis of God’s sovereignty over life and death, highlighting that He determines the length of a person’s life and sets unchangeable limits, just as He does in setting boundaries and limits for all His creation. Prof. Luboobi could not cross the boundary set by the creator.

I am grateful that the Principal, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS), Makerere University and his team did their best to mobilize support at the most critical moment of need. I am grateful to God for gifting Makerere University with Prof. Luboobi, and for allowing me in particular a chance to walk a little close with him in his evening days of his life between 2023-2025.

Good bye Prof. Livingstone S. Luboobi! Go and serve God with the angels. We will also join you, in the course of time! See you later when that time comes!

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CoNAS Participates in the 2025 National Science Week Exhibition

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Participants at one of the policy dialogues at Kololo Independence Grounds on Monday, 16th June 2025. Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.

*****15 students from different departments at CoNAS are showcasing their projects.

Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds.

Launched in 2021, the National Science Week is an annual event organized by the Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) Secretariat under the Office of the President. The exhibition serves as a strategic platform for showcasing Uganda’s advancements in science, technology, and innovation, both at the national level and on the global stage.

Held under the theme “Made in Uganda: Innovation to Market”, the 2025 edition (running from 15th-20th June) aims to highlight the country’s growing capacity to transform home-grown scientific ideas and research into viable, market-ready products and technologies.

Team Leader Bill Garvin with team members Kalanguka Patience Pearl and Nuwagaba Victor showcase their project – converting invasive water hyacinth into sustainable biofuels through hydrothermal liquefaction. Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Team Leader Bill Garvin with team members Kalanguka Patience Pearl and Nuwagaba Victor showcase their project – converting invasive water hyacinth into sustainable biofuels through hydrothermal liquefaction.

Key highlights from the official launch of the National Science Week

During the official launch held on 13th May 2025, the Minister of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Hon. Dr. Monica Musenero Masanza, outlined several milestones Uganda has achieved over the past year, including:

  1. The commencement of clinical trials for locally developed therapeutics, marking a significant step in Uganda’s biopharmaceutical sector.
  2. Notable growth in the electric vehicle (EV) industry, including the deployment of over 5,000 electric motorcycles and 27 electric buses across the country.
  3. Establishment of critical green infrastructure, including 140 battery swapping stations and more than 30 direct current (DC) fast chargers nationwide.

According to the Minister, these developments demonstrate Uganda’s advancing capabilities in green technology and sustainable mobility solutions.

The Minister also highlighted additional achievements by the STI Secretariat, including the revitalization of Sukulu Phosphates, the launch of both the Deep Tech and Climate Tech summits, and the operationalization of vaccine production lines for both human and animal health. Dr. Musenero expressed gratitude to the Government of Uganda for its continued support, emphasizing its strategic vision of leveraging science, technology, and innovation as a transformative vehicle to position Uganda as a continental leader in deep tech innovation.  

Team Leader Mwebaze Bruce, with team members Atim Martha and Sebastian Jordan, showcase their Anti-fungal and Anti-bacterial Gel Research Project, an innovative solution aimed at enhancing public health in communities with limited access to conventional treatments. Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Team Leader Mwebaze Bruce, with team members Atim Martha and Sebastian Jordan, showcase their Anti-fungal and Anti-bacterial Gel Research Project, an innovative solution aimed at enhancing public health in communities with limited access to conventional treatments.

The 2025 National Science Week Activities

The National Science Week is designed to be an interactive experience for all attendees. According to Ms. Cathy Muhumuza from the STI, the exhibition will feature various activities including the official opening by the President of the Republic of Uganda, H.E. Yoweri Kaguta Tibuhaburwa Museveni, expected to take place on Thursday, 19th June 2025. Other activities will include policy dialogues, the Academia Day dedicated to young innovators, and the Investor Day providing a platform for innovators to connect with potential investors.

Additionally, the event will host a “Made in Uganda Supermarket,” allowing visitors to purchase products directly from exhibitors.  

Students showcasing their product aimed at detecting harmful aflatoxins in food. Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Students showcasing their product aimed at detecting harmful aflatoxins in food.
The team led by Ayebare Sam is developing a reliable fuel gauge detector to improve vehicle fuel management and efficiency. Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
The team led by Ayebare Sam is developing a reliable fuel gauge detector to improve vehicle fuel management and efficiency.

CoNAS Students’ projects

Among the many innovators featured at the exhibition are several talented student teams from CoNAS, presenting a diverse array of projects across scientific disciplines, including biotechnology and green energy. Guided by their lecturers and coordinated by Prof. Juma Kasozi, Deputy Principal of CoNAS, the students are showcasing the following projects:

  1. Anti-fungal and Anti-bacterial Gel Research Project
    Team Leader: Mwebaze Bruce
    Team Members: Atim Martha, Sebastian Jordan
    This project explores the development of a topical gel with both anti-fungal and anti-bacterial properties, aimed at improving public health outcomes in communities with limited access to conventional treatments.
  2. Minoxidil Production for Hair Regrowth
    Team Leader: Keinembabazi Melissa
    Team Members: Hashima Nanyiri, Nkamusiima Andrew
    Focused on producing affordable, locally made Minoxidil, this project aims to provide a cost-effective solution for treating hair loss.
  3. Infrared Biosensor for Aflatoxin Detection
    Team Leader: Rubeihayo Randolp
    Team Members: Namuleme Martha, Wabitereza Teddy
    This innovation utilizes spectrophotometry to develop an infrared biosensor capable of detecting harmful aflatoxins in food, contributing to food safety and public health.
  4. Biofuel Production from Water Hyacinth
    Team Leader: Bill Garvin
    Team Members: Kalanguka Patience Pearl, Nuwagaba Victor
    The project converts invasive water hyacinth into sustainable biofuels using hydrothermal liquefaction, offering an environmentally friendly alternative energy source.
  5. Automobile Fuel Gauge Detector
    Team Leader: Ayebare Sam
    Team Members: Achieng Rosemary, Nakirinda Winnie
    This project involves the development of a reliable fuel gauge detector to improve vehicle fuel management and efficiency.
Students of CEDAT participating in the exhibition. Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Students of CEDAT participating in the exhibition.
Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Students from the College of Health Sciences participating in the exhibition. Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Students from the College of Health Sciences participating in the exhibition.
Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Other exhibitors at Kololo. Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Other exhibitors at Kololo.
Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.

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Hasifa Kabejja

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