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AET2011 Conference Papers

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The Second International Conference on Advances in Engineering and Technology (AET2011, 31st Jan – 2nd Feb 2011) was a follow up on the 1st International Conference on Advances in Engineering and Technology that was held in 2006.

The conference provided a forum for scientists, researchers, professionals and industry leaders from all over the world and the African region in particular, to exchange ideas on current scientific advances in engineering and technology.

Below are some of the papers that were presented;

Abaho et al, Climate change and its Impacts on River Flows and Recharge in the Sezibwa Catchment, Uganda: pdf, ps

Argen et al, Cost and Time Overrun in Construction Projects in a Multicultural Setting: pdf, ps

Akinlabi et al, Effect of Travel speed on Joint properties of Dissimilar Metal Friction Stir Welds: pdf, ps

Alinaitwe, Contractors’ Perspective on Critical Factors for Successful Implementation of Private Public Partnerships in Construction Projects in Uganda: pdf, ps

Anyala et al, Assessment of the Impact of Climate Change on Road Maintenance: pdf, ps

Anyiko et al, Investigation of the Suitability of Recycled Carpet Fibre as a Soil Reinforcement Material: pdf, ps

Apolot et al, An Investigation into the Causes of Delay and Cost Overrun in Uganda’s Public Sector Construction Projects: pdf, ps

Aulin et al, Issues Confronting Women Participation in the Construction Industry: pdf, ps

Auziane et al, Design of Weather Station and Measurement Equipment for Assessment of Buildings Energy Use in Mozambique: pdf, ps

Baloi, Feasibility Analysis of Timber Houses in Mozambique: pdf, ps

Chipofoya et al, Evaluation of Wastewater Treatment Technologies at Blantyre WWTW, Malawi, in the Context of the ED-WAVE Tool: pdf, ps

Chipofoya et al, Evaluation of case-based design principles and the decision tree selection process in the design of Soche wastewater treatment plant, Blantyre, Malawi: pdf, ps

Dawoud et al, Security in Embedded Systems: Design Challenges: pdf, ps

Dawoud et al, A Proposed Public Key Management Scheme for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks: pdf, ps

Dawoud et al, A New Threshold Multisignature Scheme for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks: pdf, ps

Dawoud et al, Trust Establishment in Ad Hoc Networks by Certificate Distribution and Postponed Verification: pdf, ps

Ecuru et al, Integrating Science, Technology and Innovation in National Development Planning Process: the Case of Uganda: pdf, ps

Ikponmwosa et al, Strength Characteristics of Concrete Beams with Cement Partially Replaced by Uncalcined Soldier-Ant Mound Clay: pdf, ps

Irumba et al, Modeling the Dynamics of Housing and Population Growth in Kampala City: pdf, ps

Kakitahi et al, Towards development of a whole life costing based model for evaluation of building designs: pdf, ps

Kalanzi et al, Evaluation of Waste Minimization Alternatives for the Galvanizing Production Process: A case study of Uganda Baati Ltd.: pdf ,

Kanai et al, Adaptive PID Dc Motor Speed Controller With Parameters Optimized with Hybrid Optimization Strategy: pdf, ps

Kariko-Buhwezi et al, Challenges to the Sustainability of Small Scale Biogass Technologies in Uganda: pdf, ps

Kasembe et al, Irreversibilities in High Temperature Biomass Gasification: pdf, ps

Katende et al, A Study into the Factors Hindering Development of the Construction Industry in Uganda: pdf, ps

Kayaga et al, Using Economic Instruments for Water Resources Management in the City of the Future: Case Studies from Spain and Uganda: pdf, ps

Kayondo et al, Algorithmic Incorporation of Geographical Information Technologies in Road Infrastructure Maintenance in Uganda: pdf, ps

Kirabira et al, Beneficiation and Evaluation of Mutaka kaolin: pdf, ps

Kizza et al, Estimating Areal Rainfall over the Lake Victoria and its Basin using Ground-based and Satellite Data: pdf, ps

Kombe et al, High Free Fatty Acid (FFA) Feedstock Pre-Treatment Method for Biodiesel Production: pdf, ps

Kudenyo, Rainfall Runoff Model for River Sosiani's Catchment: pdf, ps

Kwesiga, Contribution of Industrial Research in Transformation of Developing Countries: pdf, ps

Lubwama et al, Wear Mechanisms of Piston Seals in Reciprocating Hand Pumps for Rural Drinking Water Supply: pdf, ps

Lugano et al, Modellign the Influence of Moisture Content in High temperature Gasification (HTAG) of Biomass: pdf, ps

Lugano et al, Effects of Moisture Content in Biomass Gasification: pdf, ps

Mashingo et al, Characteristic Properties of Tanzanian Coal for High Temperature Gasification: pdf, ps

Mhilu et al, Thermal Degradation Characteristics of Blends of Tanzanian Bituminous Coal and Coffee Husks: pdf, ps

Misginna et al, Yield and Chemical Characteristics of Charcoal Produced by TLUDND Gasifier Cookstove Using Eucalyptus Wood as Feedstock: pdf, ps

Mkumbwa et al, A Cost Effective Solar PV Power Solution for Rural Household in Tanzania: The case of Kondoa District: pdf, ps

Mukasa et al, Role of Intangible Assets in the Adoption of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies (AMT’s) in Developing Countries: Case Study of Uganda: pdf, ps

Mukiibi, The Effect of Urbanisation on the Housing Conditions of the Urban Poor in Kampala, Uganda: pdf, ps

Mukiibi, An Evaluation of Factors that have Influenced Housing Policy Development in Uganda: pdf, ps

Mukwaya et al, Saturation Flow Rate for Through-Traffic at Signalized Junctions in Kampala: pdf, ps

Musaazi, From R&D to Entrepreneurship: pdf, ps

Musinguzi et al, Small-scale CHP for Rural Electrification in Uganda – The State-ofthe- art and Prospective Development: pdf, ps

Musinguzi, Application of Spatial Technologies and Field Techniques to Assess the Status of Wetlands in Lake Kyoga Basin in Uganda: pdf, ps

Musinguzi, A Tree Model for Diffusion of Spatial Data Infrastructures in Developing Countries: pdf, ps

Mutambi et al, Transferring Best Practices for Uganda Technological Innovation and Sustainable Growth: pdf, ps

Mutesi et al, Application of ICT in the Construction Industry in Kampala: pdf, ps

Mutesi et al, Analysis of Storage-Estimation Techniques for Optimal Rainwater Reservoir Sizing: pdf, ps

Mutikanga et al, Investigating thte Impact of Utility Sub-metering on Revenue Water: pdf, ps

Mutikanga et al, Decision Support Tool for Optimal Water Meter Replacement: pdf, ps

Muzenda et al, The Effect of Zinc Ion Concentration and pH on the Leaching Kinetics of Calcined Zinc Oxide Ore: pdf, ps

Muzenda et al, Phase Equilibrium of Volatile Organic Compounds in Silicon oil Using the UNIFAC Procedure: An Estimation: pdf, ps

Mwakali et al, Local Content in the Oil and Gas Industry: Implications for Uganda: pdf, ps

Mwebesa et al, Simulating Bearing Capacity Failure of Surface Loading on Sand Using COMSOL: pdf, ps

Mwesige et al, Estimating The Critical GAP and FOLLOW-UP Headway at Roundabouts in Uganda: pdf, ps

Mwesige et al, Identifying and Fixing High Traffic Crash Locations in the Road Network in Uganda: pdf, ps

Mwesige et al, Opportunities for Generating Electricity from Municipal Solid Waste: Case of Kampala City Council Landfill: pdf, ps

Nalumansi et al, Determining Productivity of Masons for both Stretcher and Header Bonding on Building Sites: pdf, ps

Nawangwe, The Architectural Transformation of Makerere University Neighbourhoods during the Period 1990-2010: pdf, ps

Ngirane-Katashaya et al, An Innovative Intervention by a Multiplicity of Surface and Underground Interlinked Dams/Weirs, Sand Storages, and Sub-Geological Engineering to Solve Karamoja's Perennial Water Stress: pdf, ps

Nnaggenda et al, User Participation in the Eyes of an Architect and Gendered Spaces: pdf, ps

Nturanabo et al, Performance Appraisal of the Casamance Kiln as a Replacement to the Traditional Charcoal Kilns in Uganda: pdf, ps

Nyeko-Ogiramoi et al, Assessment of the impact of climate change on extreme precipitation and temperature events over the upper River Nile basin: pdf, ps

Ocen et al, An Analysis of the Competitiveness of Local Construction Contractors in Uganda: pdf, ps

Oke et al, Value Management in the Nigerian Construction Industry: Militating Factors and the Perceived Benefits: pdf, ps

Okello et al, Optimising Densification Condition of Coffee Husks Briquettes Using Response Surface Methodology: pdf, ps

Okidi et al, Gender Research as Knowledge Resource in Technology and Engineering: pdf, ps

Okidi, Hybrid E-Learning for Rural Secondary Schools in Uganda: Co-Evolution in Triple Helix Processes: pdf, ps

Okidi, Longitudinal Analysis of Performance of Ugandan Rural Advanced- Level Students in Physics Practicals: pdf, ps

Okodi et al, Approximate Large Deflection Analysis of Thin Rectangular Plates under Distributed Lateral Line Load: pdf, ps

Okodi et al, Exact Large Deflection Analysis of Thin Rectangular Plates under Distributed Lateral Line Load: pdf, ps

Okou et al, An Opportunity to Enhance Rural Electrification in sub-Saharan Africa through the Local Manufacture of Flywheel Energy Storage System: pdf, ps

Okullo et al, Transesterification Reaction Kinetics of Jatropha Oil for Biodiesel Production: pdf, ps

Omolo et al, Perspectives on City Planning of Post Independence Kampala: The Emergence of the Metropolitan Growth Model and the Hexagonal Cell: pdf, ps

Openy et al, Appropriate Technology for Sustainable Rainwater Harvesting Based on Optimal Rainfall Estimates: pdf, ps

Otim et al, The Causes and Impact of Uncompleted Buildings; Studies in Kampala City: pdf, ps

Otim et al, Cost Control Techniques Used On Building Construction Sites in Uganda: pdf, ps

Otim et al, Design of Biogas Plant for Rural Households in Uganda (Case Study: Apac District): pdf, ps

Rodrigues et al, Influence of Solar Shading on Indoor Climate of Buildings: pdf, ps

Rodrigues et al, Influence of Building Orientation on the Indoor Climate of Buildings: pdf, ps

Rwabuhungu, Specific Transverse Distribution of Nutrients and its Major Impact on the Sustainable Development of the Lake Kivu Methane Gas Exploitation: pdf, ps

Sebitosi et al, The Smart grid: adopting new concepts for infrastructure to power Africa’s emerging industrial revolution: pdf, ps

Semambya, Recycling of Burnt Clay Rubble as Structural Concrete: pdf, ps

Semuwemba et al, Determining the Reaeration Coefficient and Hydrodynamic Properties of Rivers Using Inert Gas Tracers: pdf, ps

Semwogerere et al, Analysis of Some Existing Erosion and Deposition Models: pdf, ps

Senfuka et al, Options for Improvement of the Ugandan Iron and Steel Industry: pdf, ps

Ssengendo et al, Geoid Determination In Uganda: Current Status: pdf, ps

Stack et al, Context-Sensitive Maintenance Management using Mobile Tools: pdf, ps

Swart, Modeling a Single-sideband Transmitter in SIMETRIX for Instructional Purposes: pdf, ps

Tayebwa et al, Structural Consideration in Design of Reinforced Concrete Slabs with Openings: pdf, ps

Tickodri-Togboa, On the Contribution of Victoria Nile River Discharge to the Hydrological Performance of East Africa's Lake Victoria: pdf, ps

Tumwesigye, Urban flood modeling: beyond the preserve of developed countries: pdf, ps

Tumwesigye-omwe, A Study of the Use of Ground Investigation Reports during Foundation Design in Kampala: pdf, ps

Twite et al, Assessment of Natural Adhesives in Banana Leaf Composite Materials for Architectural Applications: pdf, ps

Uwase et al, Interactive Tools for Learning Sensor Network Basics: pdf, ps

Vestbro, Impacts of Urbanisation in Low-Income Countries: pdf, ps

Viljoen et al, Energy Management of a Solar/Hydrogen Driven Power Plant: pdf, ps

Wamuziri, Innovative Models for Procurement of Major Infrastructure Projects in Development: pdf, ps

Zziwa et al, Strength Characterisation of Timbers for Building Construction in Uganda: pdf, ps

 

Denis Wamala

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Makerere Launches Upgraded Financial Management System and Roadmap

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Prof. Tumps Ireeta - Ag. Deputy Vice Chancellor (Finance & Administration) launch the roadmap for upgrading the Mak FMS in Council Room on 17th June2026.

Makerere University on 17th June 2026 launched the upgraded Financial Management System (Mak-FMS) and Implementation Roadmap aimed at ensuring paperless end-to-end transactions right from requisition to sign-off. Mak-FMS was initially launched on 10th July 2024 to automate requisition initiation and approval. The upgraded system will ensure that the hitherto paper-based payment voucher generation, examination, digital clearance, and sign off are completed digitally.

Presiding over the launch on behalf of the Deputy Vice Chancellor (Finance and Administration) Prof. Henry Alinaitwe, the Principal, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) Prof. Winston Tumps Ireeta commended the Directorate of Finance and the Directorate for ICT Support (DICTS) on the strides made in digitalisation of financial processes at Makerere. He nevertheless called for the need to make approvals time bound at each stage of the process to ensure that requisitions are sanctioned or deferred for additional input promptly.

The University Bursar, Mr. Evarist Bainomugisha informed attendees at the launch that the objective of the Mak-FMS upgrade was to ensure paperless transactions by 1st July 2026. He added that Champions had been appointed from colleges and administrative units, and will together with ICT Support Staff be trained by DICTS to support users during the transition.

Mr. Bainomugisha nevertheless noted that incorporation of Mak-FMS into Uganda’s Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS) remains undone. He therefore called upon Finance Officers and Accountants to prudently ensure that the money committed on the Makerere system is charged to the appropriate Government code.

DICTS Chief, Mr. Samuel Mugabi reiterated that the upgraded system is not entirely new but is only aimed at further enhancing accountability and transparency of financial management for efficiency of Makerere’s business operations. He added that the upgraded Mak-FMS will be integrated with the recently rolled out Procurement System in a phased approach, especially as users increasingly get acquainted with the paperless working environment. He equally reiterated DICTS readiness to support the Directorate of Finance to ensure a holistic training of users.

Highlighting the ten-day Implementation Roadmap, DICTS Deputy Chief, Mr. Juma Katongole noted that launch of the upgraded Mak-FMS marked Day 1, while Day 2 will be dedicated to training Finance Officers, Accountants and ICT Support Staff and Day 3 to training Champions and more ICT Support Staff. Days 4 and 5 will be dedicated to Hands-on Training Sessions for College Bursars, Accountants and Champions, while Day 6 will feature University-wide pilot implementation of the upgraded Mak-FMS.

Day 7 of the roadmap will handle user support clinics and help desk sessions, while Day 8 will feature refresher training and a workshop on frequently encountered issues. A University-wide simulation exercise covering the end-to-end payment lifecycle will be held on Day 9 and Day 10 will host the readiness assessment meeting and go-live sign-off.

In order to ensure a smooth transition to a digital Mak-FMS, a help desk will remain operational throughout the period and user manuals as well as quick-reference videos will be developed and distributed on the University Knowledge Base and DICTS Social Media platforms.

Mark Wamai

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CHS Quality Assurance Guide Book

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An aerial photo of the College of Health Sciences (CHS), Makerere University showing Left to Right: The Sir Albert Cook Memorial Library, School of Biomedical Sciences, Davies Lecture Theatre, School of Public Health, Mulago Specialised Women and Neonatal Hospital (MSWNH)-Background Left and Nakasero Hill-Background Right, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.

The College of Health Sciences (CHS) QA Guidebook streamlines academic excellence, outlining essential quality processes, committee structures, and regulations aligned with Makerere University Policy and the 2004 Graduate Guidebook. It details roles for staff and students, including examination management, committee terms of reference, and highlights staff/student achievements.

Key Components of the QA Guidebook

  • Committees & Structure: Defines roles for the Quality Assurance, Gender Mainstreaming, and ICT Committee, ensuring alignment with SDGs and university policies and NCHE
  • Examination QA Processes: Outlines procedures for setting, moderating, and marking exams, ensuring standards and ethical compliance.
  • Regulations & Guidelines: Based on the Makerere University Quality Assurance Policy Framework (2007) and Graduate Guidebook 2004 ensuring consistency across all programmes.
  • Roles & Responsibilities: Clearly defines the responsibilities of Deans, Heads of Departments, and Students in Internal Quality Assurance.
  • Key student information in academic processes.
  • Commitment to support graduate training.
  • Recognition & Faculty Development: Recognizes outstanding female professors and acknowledges staff who completed PhDs in 2024–2026

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Mak Editor

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Are We Giving Enough Attention to the People Around Us Who Quietly Influence Lives Every Day?

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Sylas Ruhweza and Marion Apio at one of the Girls Alive Uganda (GAU) outreaches.

By Marion Apio

On March 21, 2026, I felt a strong urge to reconnect with a close colleague and passionate leader, Owekitinisa Sylas Ruhweza Atwooki. We had not spoken since I moved to the United States to pursue my dream of becoming a journalist. The following day, I learned that he had been quietly undergoing treatment in and out of the hospital. True to his character, he had chosen to keep his condition private. I was shocked and saddened, wishing I had known earlier so I could offer support.

At first, reports from family and friends were encouraging. He had been diagnosed with malaria and low blood platelet counts and was receiving treatment. Respecting his wish for confidentiality, members of the Mastercard Foundation Scholars and Alumni community at Makerere University rallied discreetly around him.

An artistic impression of Sylas Ruhweza.
An artistic impression of Sylas Ruhweza.

However, on April 29, his condition worsened. He was transferred between medical facilities and underwent extensive tests, including a biopsy, as doctors searched for answers. Sadly, on May 29, Sylas passed away.

His death sparked an extraordinary outpouring of love and solidarity. Friends, colleagues, and former scholars mobilised to support his family, settle medical expenses, organise virtual vigils, and plan a dignified farewell. Hundreds gathered at St. Augustine Chapel to pay their respects. Within three days, the Mastercard Foundation Scholars and Alumni community raised approximately UGX 11 million, a testament to Sylas’ impact on countless lives.

Sylas Ruhweza addressing his fellow alumni on 5th April 2025.
Sylas Ruhweza addressing his fellow alumni on 5th April 2025.

In the days that followed, I found myself wrestling with difficult questions. In a world where we spend so much time following people online, are we paying enough attention to those quietly transforming lives around us? Why do we invest so much emotional energy in distant personalities while overlooking the people God has placed right in front of us?

Sylas lived with humility and served with grace. His death left more than 1,500 Mastercard Foundation scholars and alumni grieving, alongside many others around the world who knew him. Yet his passing also exposed a contradiction in modern life.

We live in an age of unprecedented connectivity. Uganda has millions of internet users and WhatsApp subscribers, while globally, people spend hours each day on social media. We have more tools than ever to stay connected, yet many of us are becoming increasingly disconnected from the people who matter most.

Selfie time: Marion Apio and Sylas Ruhweza.
Selfie time: Marion Apio and Sylas Ruhweza.

Sylas resisted this trend. Through mentorship, service, and community-building, he remained deeply present in others’ lives. While many people retreat into individual pursuits, he consistently chose connection.

This challenge is especially relevant for Mastercard Foundation scholars and alumni. Every year, young Africans leave home to pursue education and professional opportunities abroad. Distance, time zones, visa restrictions, and rising travel costs make it difficult to maintain relationships and remain actively involved in the communities that helped shape us.

For Sylas, the answer was simple: show up. Celebrate others. Offer support. Stay connected.

Sylas with some of the Girls Alive Uganda (GAU) beneficiaries.
Sylas with some of the Girls Alive Uganda (GAU) beneficiaries.

He never allowed geographical or personal barriers to become excuses for disengagement. Even while facing his own struggles, he invested in others. He embodied the values the Mastercard Foundation seeks to cultivate—ethical leadership, service, and community empowerment.

Sylas did not wait for a perfect platform to create change. He simply served where he was. He helped build bridges between education, culture, and professional development while remaining grounded in his values. He dreamed of creating a stronger alumni ecosystem and brought both passion and compassion to every initiative he touched.

Since his passing, social media has been filled with memories of his infectious smile and unwavering commitment to others. Those tributes reveal an important truth: people gave generously because Sylas had first given himself generously to them. People from different backgrounds, generations, and communities showed up because he had spent his life showing up for them. His legacy now challenges all of us.

Sylas with friends at a Birthday Celebration.
Sylas with friends at a Birthday Celebration.

The greatest tribute we can offer is not simply to mourn his loss but to continue his work. That means supporting the causes he cared about, helping the children whose education he championed, strengthening alumni networks, and pursuing the dreams we discussed with him.

The tragedy of modern life is not that we follow people online. It is that too often our attention to distant lives comes at the expense of meaningful relationships nearby. Yet strong relationships are as essential to our well-being as physical health.

As Ugandans, we take pride in our faith, culture, and sense of community. We contribute to fundraisers, attend ceremonies, and support family members in times of need. But increasingly, genuine connection is being replaced by passive digital interaction. Families and communities cannot thrive on likes, retweets, and emojis alone.

They require presence—phone calls, visits, conversations, and the willingness to notice when someone is struggling.

Sylas Ruhweza with friends at the Third Edition of the MakRun in 2019.
Sylas with friends at the Third Edition of the MakRun in 2019.

Before spending another hour immersed in the lives of strangers online, look around. Call the friend you have not spoken to in years. Check on a family member. Reach out to a colleague who seems withdrawn. Communities are not built by algorithms or celebrities. They are built by ordinary people who choose, day after day, to care for those within their reach.

Uganda needs more people like Sylas. At just 32 years old, he achieved what many spend a lifetime striving for. He served as Minister of Information in the Toro Kingdom and as President of the Mastercard Foundation Scholars Alumni Association in Uganda. More importantly, he dedicated himself to serving others.

While his death is deeply painful, his life remains a powerful example of how we should live. My prayers and condolences go to his family, friends, and the entire Mastercard Foundation Scholars and Alumni community.

Rest in perfect peace, Owek. Sylas Ruhweza Atwooki.

The author is a Mastercard Foundation Alumna from Makerere University and the University of California, Berkeley. She is a journalist based in Southern California and the CEO of the Debunk Media Initiative.

Mak Editor

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