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Researchers Share Insights on Teachers’ Experiences During COVID-19

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On January 10, a team of researchers from Makerere University‘s College of Education and External Studies (CEES), in collaboration with international partners, held a dissemination seminar at Nican Resort Hotel in Kampala. The event marked the culmination of their study on “Enacted Citizenship in Times of Uncertainty,” which focused on teachers’ lived experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda and Tanzania.

The study, led by Prof. Tiina Kontinen of the University of Jyväskylä, Finland, included contributions from Dr. Karembe Ahimbisibwe, Dr. Kellen Aganyira (Makerere University) and Dr. Judith Kahamba (SUA, Tanzania). The research was supported by the University of Jyväskylä’s Department of Social Sciences and Philosophy, where Dr. Karembe and Dr. Kahamba are postdoc fellows.

The research aimed to explore how state-citizen relations were re-articulated during the pandemic, focusing on the experiences of teachers in Kampala, Uganda, and workers in the tourism sector in Arusha, Tanzania. The study delved into how states justified their COVID-19 responses, how citizens coped with the pandemic, and the implications of these experiences on notions of citizenship.

Dr. Karembe Ahimbisibwe. College of Education and External Studies (CEES), Makerere University in collaboration with international partners dissemination seminar of study on "Enacted Citizenship in Times of Uncertainty," ocused on teachers' lived experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda and Tanzania, Nican Resort Hotel, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Dr. Karembe Ahimbisibwe.

Key Findings

The research identified significant impacts on teachers’ professional and personal lives, revealing challenges and adaptive strategies during the pandemic:

  1. Status of Teachers:
    • Teachers were classified as “non-essential” workers, leading to job insecurity and lack of income during school closures.
    • They experienced a sense of vulnerability, with mixed outcomes regarding relief support.
  2. Survival Strategies:
    • Many teachers diversified income sources, engaging in casual labor, retail businesses, or unauthorized coaching.
    • Teachers relied on social networks and reduced household expenditures to adapt to the “new normal.”
  3. Emotional and Professional Impact:
    • The pandemic led to frustration and disillusionment among teachers, with some considering or transitioning to alternative professions.
    • The disruption weakened the bond between teachers and learners, as economic pressures diverted focus from teaching.
  4. Perception of the State:
    • Teachers viewed the state’s pandemic measures as both caring and authoritarian. Relief efforts were perceived as inconsistent, with accusations of corruption and favoritism in their distribution.
    • The study highlighted the hybrid nature of state-citizen relations, oscillating between caring and oppressive tendencies.
Dr. Herbert Tumwebaze, who represented the HoD. College of Education and External Studies (CEES), Makerere University in collaboration with international partners dissemination seminar of study on "Enacted Citizenship in Times of Uncertainty," ocused on teachers' lived experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda and Tanzania, Nican Resort Hotel, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Dr. Herbert Tumwebaze, who represented the HoD.

Dr. Herbert Tumwebaze, representing the Head of the Department of Adult and Community Education, congratulated the research team on their efforts and acknowledged the participating schools and teachers. He emphasized the importance of such studies in understanding the multifaceted impacts of the pandemic on education.

Prof. Tiina Kontinen, the principal investigator, outlined the research’s next steps, which include analysis and publication. The seminar provided an avenue for stakeholders to reflect on the findings and discuss implications for policy and practice.

Dr. Kellen Aganyira. College of Education and External Studies (CEES), Makerere University in collaboration with international partners dissemination seminar of study on "Enacted Citizenship in Times of Uncertainty," ocused on teachers' lived experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda and Tanzania, Nican Resort Hotel, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Dr. Kellen Aganyira.

This study underscores the complex interplay between state policies and citizen resilience during crises. It sheds light on the unique challenges faced by teachers and highlights the need for more robust support systems for educators in times of uncertainty.

A group photo of researchers and workshop participants. College of Education and External Studies (CEES), Makerere University in collaboration with international partners dissemination seminar of study on "Enacted Citizenship in Times of Uncertainty," ocused on teachers' lived experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda and Tanzania, Nican Resort Hotel, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
A group photo of researchers and workshop participants.

Betty Kyakuwa
Betty Kyakuwa

Education

Makerere Charts Bold Path for Digital Learning with New ODeL Master Plan

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Stakeholders pose for a group photo at the unveiling and stakeholder review of the Draft Master Plan for Open, Distance, and e-Learning (ODeL). Unveiling and stakeholder review of Draft Master Plan for Open, Distance, and e-Learning (ODeL), funded by KOICA and implemented with technical support from the Korea National Open University (KNOU) and the Korea Institute for Development Strategy (KDS), 5th June 2025, Hotel Africana, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.

Makerere University has taken a significant step toward transforming its digital education landscape with the unveiling and stakeholder review of its Draft Master Plan for Open, Distance, and e-Learning (ODeL). The consultative workshop, held on Thursday, June 5, 2025, at Hotel Africana, brought together university leadership, academic staff, student representatives, and development partners to review the 10-year roadmap aimed at scaling access to quality, affordable, and inclusive education.

The workshop was officially opened by the Deputy Vice Chancellor (Academic Affairs), Professor Buyinza Mukadasi, who represented the Vice Chancellor. In his remarks, Prof. Buyinza underscored the transformative potential of the KOICA-supported initiative.

Professor Buyinza Mukadasi enjoys a light moment. Unveiling and stakeholder review of Draft Master Plan for Open, Distance, and e-Learning (ODeL), funded by KOICA and implemented with technical support from the Korea National Open University (KNOU) and the Korea Institute for Development Strategy (KDS), 5th June 2025, Hotel Africana, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Professor Buyinza Mukadasi enjoys a light moment.

“This project is a significant milestone in our journey to enhance the university’s capacity in ODeL,” he noted. “With support from the people of the Republic of Korea, KOICA’s grant will enable us to strengthen our ODeL infrastructure, develop high-quality digital content, and build staff capacity. This investment will undoubtedly have a lasting impact on our institution and the wider education sector in Uganda.”

Prof. Buyinza also paid tribute to the late Prof. Sung Seyeoung, the head of the Project Management Consultant team in Seoul, who passed away earlier this year, describing him as “a dedicated partner in this transformative journey.”

Prof. Buyinza Mukadasi, Ms. Ahn Jihee and part of the audience at the event. Unveiling and stakeholder review of Draft Master Plan for Open, Distance, and e-Learning (ODeL), funded by KOICA and implemented with technical support from the Korea National Open University (KNOU) and the Korea Institute for Development Strategy (KDS), 5th June 2025, Hotel Africana, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Prof. Buyinza Mukadasi, Ms. Ahn Jihee and part of the audience at the event.

The project, which began in 2024, is being implemented with technical support from the Korea National Open University (KNOU) and the Korea Institute for Development Strategy (KDS). It focuses on three core components: development of a strategic and contextualized ODeL masterplan; capacity building for academic, administrative, and technical staff; and enhancement of ODeL infrastructure, including a new Learning Management System (LMS), Content Management System (CMS), ICT equipment, and the construction of a dedicated ODeL building.

Professor Henry Alinaitwe, the Project Investigator, emphasized the forward-looking nature of the initiative. “Through this masterplan, we are not only expanding access to higher education across Uganda and beyond, but also redefining how knowledge is delivered in the 21st century,” he said.

Professor Henry Alinaitwe. Unveiling and stakeholder review of Draft Master Plan for Open, Distance, and e-Learning (ODeL), funded by KOICA and implemented with technical support from the Korea National Open University (KNOU) and the Korea Institute for Development Strategy (KDS), 5th June 2025, Hotel Africana, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Professor Henry Alinaitwe.

The workshop aimed to disseminate information about the masterplan, gather stakeholder feedback, and prepare the document for preliminary approvals by the University Senate and Council. The draft was developed by a joint task force composed of Ugandan and Korean experts, including representatives from KNOU, KDS, Makerere’s Institute of Open, Distance and e-Learning (IODel), and the Directorate for ICT Support (DICTS).

Prof. Alinaitwe noted that all three project components are progressing steadily. Training sessions are underway both in Uganda and Korea, and the design for the Mak-ODeL building is currently 60% complete, with construction expected to commence later in the year.

The ODeL Master Plan (2025–2035) envisions Makerere as a regional hub for digital education. It outlines strategies to increase the number of accredited ODeL programmes, enhance ICT infrastructure, improve content development, and ensure that distance learners can access high-quality and flexible education through the university’s Moodle-based MUELE platform.

Left to Right: Part of the Makerere team—Co-PI Dr. Venny Nakazibwe, Dr. Harriet Nabushawo, PI Prof. Henry Alinaitwe, and Prof. Paul Birevu Muyinda, Unveiling and stakeholder review of Draft Master Plan for Open, Distance, and e-Learning (ODeL), funded by KOICA and implemented with technical support from the Korea National Open University (KNOU) and the Korea Institute for Development Strategy (KDS), 5th June 2025, Hotel Africana, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Left to Right: Part of the Makerere team—Co-PI Dr. Venny Nakazibwe, Dr. Harriet Nabushawo, PI Prof. Henry Alinaitwe, and Prof. Paul Birevu Muyinda.

Speaking at the workshop, KOICA Country Director Ms. Ahn Jihee commended Makerere for its commitment to digital transformation. “We believe education is a powerful driver of national development, and we are proud to partner with Makerere University on this ambitious journey,” she said. “Our partnership is not just about technology, but about building resilient systems and empowered people who can shape the future.”

She also recognized the efforts of both Ugandan and Korean teams and encouraged continued dialogue and knowledge sharing.

Currently, only 8 of Makerere’s academic programmes are offered through ODeL. However, the university’s Strategic Plan (2020–2030) envisions a substantial increase in that number. The new masterplan draws from international best practices including models from KNOU, Hanoi Open University, and the Africa Virtual University.

Ms. Ahn Jihee. Unveiling and stakeholder review of Draft Master Plan for Open, Distance, and e-Learning (ODeL), funded by KOICA and implemented with technical support from the Korea National Open University (KNOU) and the Korea Institute for Development Strategy (KDS), 5th June 2025, Hotel Africana, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Ms. Ahn Jihee.

Prof. Alinaitwe extended special thanks to KOICA and its Kampala-based experts Prof. Kim Hyunjoo and Mr. Kim Kihun for their ongoing support, and acknowledged the contributions of the Makerere team—Prof. Paul Muyinda, Dr. Godfrey Mayende, Dr. Harriet Nabushawo, Dr. Richard Kajumbula, Mr. Samuel Mugabi, and Co-PI Dr. Venny Nakazibwe.

“We are laying the foundation for a future where Makerere University can provide education that is not just accessible, but also adaptable to the needs of learners wherever they may be,” he concluded.

The masterplan, once finalized and approved, is expected to usher in a new era of blended, learner-centered education that meets both local and global demands.

Professor Anthony Muwagga Mugagga. Unveiling and stakeholder review of Draft Master Plan for Open, Distance, and e-Learning (ODeL), funded by KOICA and implemented with technical support from the Korea National Open University (KNOU) and the Korea Institute for Development Strategy (KDS), 5th June 2025, Hotel Africana, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Professor Anthony Muwagga Mugagga.

In his closing remarks, Professor Anthony Mugagga, who represented the Deputy Vice Chancellor (Finance and Administration), applauded participants for their insightful engagement. He emphasized the need for academic units to take ownership of ODeL implementation.

“The future of education is blended and borderless,” Prof. Mugagga said. “We must collectively embrace this shift—not just through policy, but through action: by developing new programmes, supporting learners, and investing in infrastructure that will carry us into the next generation of higher education.”

He also expressed appreciation to KOICA for its continued support and funding, which he said is helping to shape a more resilient and inclusive education system for Uganda and the region.

Betty Kyakuwa
Betty Kyakuwa

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Trump vs. Harvard: A Threat to Academic Freedom Driving African Students to China

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Harvard Business School, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. Source: Faith Ninivaggi

By Eutychus Ngotho Gichuru

The escalating fight between veteran US President Donald Trump and the powerful American institutions like Harvard University is politics, it’s bare-faced incursion into intellectual freedom that can reshape the international world of higher education, particularly for Africans. The latest “scandal,” Trump’s combative condemnation of colleges as liberal ideological hotbeds, amplified by legal intimidation and political retaliation against colleges like Harvard, is damaging America’s international reputation as the academic gold standard. Unless the trend continues, African scholars have long regarded American colleges as embodiments of intellectual liberty will seek further afield, such as China’s Tsinghua University, and redefine the landscape of scholarship.

Trump himself, bloated-check on his 2024 campaign and beyond, denounces elite universities as “woke” indoctrination centers. Demands to defund universities, ideological segregation, and laser-beam focus on diversity programs have chilled the atmosphere. Harvard, already on trial for affirmative action and accused of suppressing conservative thinking, is under greater scrutiny than ever. The Trump-endorsed Supreme Court win in 2023 over the case against racially discriminatory admissions, as a triumph for Trump and his faithful, has been exerting political pressure on institutions to fall in line. Politicization is destroying the very essence of intellectual freedom: freedom to pursue truth through means of open-ended inquiry, unhampered by interference.

For African students, it is shattering the American academic dream. America has been the preferred destination of African Muslims for many years, with 400,000 or more African students enrolled in American universities by 2023. Harvard stands for hope, intellectual activism, and interdependence worldwide. But when academic freedom is attacked, either in Muslim nations by executive fiat or group demonization, students question the system. The image of American universities as payoff politics centers rather than temples of knowledge is a great discourager.

Take the case of China, which has placed its universities at the world map. Tsinghua University, affectionately referred to as “China’s MIT,” features among the top 20 universities in the world with state-of-the-art research in AI, engineering, and global governance. China’s Belt and Road initiative has already prompted scholarship collaborations with Africa, awarding more than 50,000 African students scholarship annually. China provides an open alternative to America, in which political anti-foreigner prejudice and visa controls have tightened but in which Tsinghua’s insistence upon technical discipline and non-Western-inspired political scandal-mongering offers a sanctuary to those denied security and possibility.

Life for African students is a game. If the shine fades from American campuses, Nigerian, Kenyan, or Ghanaian students may be lured by the more appealing prospect of subsidized campuses and meritocratic competition culture of Tsinghua. Chinese universities, though not inexpensive, are another deal: intellectual seriousness untainted by ideational competition distorting American campuses. To Africans bureaucratically and financially strained in America, China’s streamlined visa process and subsidized schooling are appealing. Tsinghua welcomed 20% more African applicants in 2024, and the figures can only go up if America’s learning environment deteriorates.

This has far-reaching implications. Chinese-educated Africans will increasingly adopt the Beijing approach to geopolitics, enhancing China’s soft power in Africa. America will lose the intellectual and cultural capital that it has gained through decades of exportation of Africa’s best and brightest for studies in its institutions. Harvard-educated African leaders have led the innovation and governance driver in the continent; a transition to Tsinghua would funnel those networks into China’s quarter. In order to ensure academic freedom and global competitiveness, America should not politicize its colleges and universities. Institutional autonomy must be upheld by academics and legislative members in a situation where scholarship, rather than ideology, is the basis of higher education. For the students from Africa, the consequence is ominous: college selection not only determines their future but that of the continent. And if the Trump-Harvard soap opera continues chewing away at American scholarship’s trust factor, Tsinghua’s gates will swing wider and wider, and Africa’s best and brightest will walk through them with the U.S. in their rearview mirror.

About the Author

Eutychus Ngotho Gichuru is a Doctoral Student at East African School of Higher Education Studies and Development, College of Education and External Studies (CEES), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Eutychus Ngotho Gichuru is a Doctoral Student at East African School of Higher Education Studies and Development, College of Education and External Studies (CEES), Makerere University.

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Admission List to Bachelor of Education External (BED) 2025/26 -Private Sponsorship

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The Office of Academic Registrar, Makerere University has released the admission list of Diploma holders provisionally admitted to Bachelor of Education (EXTERNAL) programme under Private Sponsorship for the Academic Year 2025/2026 pending verification of their academic documents by the awarding institutions.

The List can be accessed by following the link below:

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