The Vice Chancellor, Prof. Barnabas Nawangwe (Right) confers the Honorary Doctor of Laws, Honoris Causa of Makerere University upon Hon. Justice Frederick Martin Stephen Egonda-Ntende (Left) as the Deputy Vice Chancellor (Academic Affairs), Prof. Umar Kakumba (2nd Right) witnesses on Day 1 of the 74th Graduation Ceremony on 29th January 2024.
Hon. Justice Frederick Martin Stephen Egonda-Ntende is being awarded a Doctor of Laws, Honoris Causa of Makerere University in recognition of a distinguished career spanning over 40 years in legal practice, international adjudication and mediation and academia.
He was born in 1956 and educated at Makerere University where he received a Bachelor of Laws degree, with honours. His postgraduate qualifications include a Post Graduate Diploma in Legal Practice from the Law Development Centre; and a Master of Laws degree in Information Technology and Telecommunications Law from the University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
As one of the few advocates practicing in Jinja district in the 1980s and 1990s, he rose to become Vice President of the Uganda Law Society. He is the immediate past Chairperson of Law Council and has been a Judge and Justice of the following courts: Chief Justice, High Court of the Seychelles (2009 to 2014); Acting Justice, Supreme Court of Uganda (May 2008 to Jan 2009); International Judge, United Nations Mission in Kosovo (2002-2004); Judge, Court of Appeal of East Timor (2000-2001); Justice, Court of Appeal/Constitutional Court of Uganda (2000 to date); and Judge, High Court of Uganda (1991-2000).
He contributed to the reorganization of the Uganda Law Society, following several years in which the Association was either banned or handicapped in operation. He has lectured Law at Makerere University and was the Chairperson of the Law Reporting Committee of the Judiciary.
As Chairperson of the Judicial Training Committee (1996-97), he set out a broad framework, still in place today, for the design and delivery of programs on judicial education which were intended to develop and enhance knowledge & skills for new and serving judicial officers.
Hon. Justice Frederick Martin Stephen Egonda-Ntende (5th Right) with members of the law fraternity who included Principal School of Law-Assoc. Prof. Ronald Naluwairo (5th Left), Minister of Justice and Constitutional Affairs-Hon. Norbert Mao (2nd Right), the Lord Mayor of Kampala-His Worship Erias Lukwago (2nd Left) among others.
Well known as a Technology “geek”, he pioneered the establishment of the Uganda Legal Information Institute (ULII) – a free online legal information database, that publishes and provides the public with primary legal information including decisions of courts of record in Uganda.
As Chairperson of the Working Committee on the Computerization of the Registries in the Uganda Judiciary (1996-97) and the first chairperson of the Technology Committee of the Judiciary of Uganda (1997), he was instrumental in the development of the Technology and Automation Plan for the judiciary and the design and implementation of the Computerized Case Administration System, which culminated into the adoption of the now-indispensable Electronic Court Case Management Information System, which has improved court efficiency.
His judicial imprint has been felt in virtually all areas of the law, from constitutional law and contract law to family law, human rights and international law. In Osotraco v. The Attorney General of Uganda, he rejected an age-old barrier to remedies against government based on the new constitutional dispensation. In Fredrick Kato v Ann Njoki, he invalidated a discriminatory colonial-era statutory provision which barred Africans from accessing the High Court in divorce matters. In Salvatori Abuki and Another v Attorney General, he explained that the right to life under the Constitution included a right to a livelihood. In Major General David Tinyefuza Munungu v. The Attorney General of Uganda, he highlighted the importance of the National Objectives and Directive Principles of State Policy as a guide to the contextual interpretation of the Constitution. Furthermore, in Re: Nicholas Mwanja, he called for the reform of the systems of adoption and guardianship which eventually found their way into the Children’s Act of 2016, and in Attorney General v Susan Kigula and 417 Others he charted a pragmatic path towards the use of international legal norms in the construction of the national legal framework.
Throughout the breadth and depth of his jurisprudence, a consistent thread is to be found: an expression of views without fear or favour; unquestionable belief in the independence of the judiciary, coupled with a commitment to increasing access to justice for common people.
At the international level, he has distinguished himself as not only an international judge of repute but also a development practitioner who turns dysfunctional judicial institutions to productive and efficient systems. To this end, he has contributed to the administrative growth of different judiciaries around the world.
The Orator-Dr. Josephine Ndagire reads the citation flanked by Hon. Justice Frederick Martin Stephen Egonda-Ntende (Right), members of his family and other officials.
In Seychelles, where he served as Chief Justice (2009-2014), he started a judicial program for judges and other judicial officers and introduced digital recording technology in the judiciary which together with his strong and efficient oversight, turned around the productivity of judicial officers in the country. He also pioneered the establishment of the Seychelles Legal Information Institute.
In East Timor, he was appointed Judge of the Court of Appeal (2000-2001) at a time the province had just broken away from Indonesia. He was involved in the setting up of an independent judiciary.
As an International Judge in Kosovo, he made great contribution in the fight against serious crimes including war crimes, genocide, and terrorism. He also played a critical role in strengthening the Kosovo judiciary and establishing the rule of law that country.
As an international civil servant, Justice Egonda-Ntende has been true to the highest creeds of humanity – integrity, excellence, discipline, passion and, above all, service above self. His record of international service paved way for many Ugandan judicial officers to be sought after in many countries.
He has carried out his task as a judge and justice with humility, utmost incorruptibility and unwavering fealty to the cause of justice and equality embedded in the judicial oath.
For his professional achievements and significant contribution, Makerere University is proud and honored to confer upon Justice Frederick Martin Stephen Egonda-Ntende the Doctor of Laws, Honoris Causa of Makerere University and all the rights, duties and privileges pertaining thereto.
Makerere University has noted the serious concerns raised publicly through social media video posts regarding the conduct of a member of staff. We recognise that such matters can cause profound distress and that it takes courage to speak about experiences of harm. The University takes all matters relating to the safety, dignity, and welfare of its students, staff, and visitors with the utmost seriousness.
Makerere maintains a zero-tolerance policy toward sexual harassment, gender-based violence, and any form of misconduct that threatens the well-being of members of the University community. Formal reports of sexual harassment are handled through established procedures with the seriousness they deserve.
The University has deliberately put clear policies and procedures in place, including the Safeguarding Policy, the Policy and Regulations Against Sexual Harassment, and staff disciplinary processes. These are designed to ensure that any formal complaints received are investigated thoroughly, fairly, and confidentially, while upholding the principles of natural justice and due process for all parties.
Students, staff, and visitors who have concerns are encouraged to make a formal report through the available channels, including the Gender Mainstreaming Directorate, the Office of the Dean of Students, or MakSafeSpace (the University’s online platform that facilitates anonymous and confidential reporting). Professional support services remain available at the University Counselling and Guidance Centre for those who need them.
Makerere University remains committed to fostering a safe, respectful, and inclusive learning and working environment for all. We will continue to strengthen our systems for prevention, reporting, and accountability.
Dr. James Magara, a futurist and Chairman of Yobel Biashara Initiative stood before an audience at Makerere University on September 30, 2026, and projected a map of the world. It was upside down.
He asked the room if anything was wrong, and as the audience hesitated, he revealed that “in 1569, the Flemish cartographer and geographer whose name was Gerardus Mercator, developed a map now known as the Mercator projection. It represented the curved shape of the Earth on a flat map.” He simplified it saying, the Mercator map accurately shows direction and local shape, but it distorts the size of places, especially those that are located near the poles. He pointed out that the map distorts the size of continents, making Greenland appear as large as Africa, when in reality, Africa is 14 times larger.
Fixing the map was easy and free, it took one vote, Dr Magara said, referencing the recent United Nations resolution that encouraged accurate area projections. Indeed fixing the map was easy but the actual material weight of this continent and its institutions that run within the world economy is why dialogues like this exist. “Until we (Africa) fund our own institutions ourselves, the continental agenda will keep belonging to whoever writes the check.”
This and more were part of Dr. Magara’s opening remarks while delivering a keynote at the YOBEL Biashara Conference 2026 hosted at Makerere University School of Public Health Auditorium.
Ms. Doreen Katangaza shakes hands with Dr. James Magara after his keynote address.
The event, was co-hosted by the CASTLE Think Tank, YOBEL Biashara, and Makerere University under the theme: “Africa’s Agency in an Era of Geopolitical Change: Trade, Investment and Economic Transformation,” brought together a diverse assembly of policymakers, academics, and private sector leaders.
Representing Dr. Adam Mugume the Chief Guest who could not make it due to unavoidable circumstances, Ms. Doreen Katangaza, a researcher and economist at the Bank of Uganda (BoU) delivered his remarks while reflecting on Dr. Magara’s keynote.
She explained “what agency means in economic policy, is not isolation, it’s not withdrawal, but the capacity to choose, to negotiate, and to act.”
She emphasized that relying on external factors or rhetoric is insufficient for long-term transformation. Instead, she suggests that agency is defined by internal strength and the ability to act independently. As she states, “Africa’s agency will not only be secured by rhetoric. It will be built through capabilities. The capability to produce, the capability to finance development, capability to manage shocks and above all, capability to make choices based on our own long-term interests and people’s priorities.”
University Secretary-Mr. Yusuf Kiranda (L) and other attendees interact with Dr. James Magara at the Conference.
Ultimately, Ms. Katangaza aligned with all speakers mobilising for a holistic approach involving government, the private sector, and academia to build these foundations. She noted that the Bank of Uganda is committed to harmonising policies and payment systems to support this, but success depends on whether these ideas translate into tangible outcomes, such as stronger institutions and resilient economies, when stakeholders reconvene in the future.
She concluded by congratulating the YOBEL Biashara Initiative, CASTLE Think Tank, and Makerere University for organizing the forum “a platform for thoughtful discussion about Africa’s economic future.” She thanked all the speakers, all panelists, and participants for their valuable contribution and attention during her communication and entire event.
Cost of Institutional Dependence to the Continent
Dr. Magara’s address was his critique of the continent’s institutional funding. He pointed out that member states currently fund only 24% of the African Union’s own program budget. Charity begins at home, he stated. With 76% out of every dollar the African Union spends coming from partners outside the continent. He argued that this dependency is self-inflicted and fixable.
He advised that if we genuinely want a technology-creating continent, the work has to start in the primary school classroom, not in the university innovation hub. He added, while also highlighting that Africa’s research and development spending sits at 0.4 percent of GDP, far below the world average.
Dr. James Magara.
Dr. Magara also addressed the implementation gap that has affected the continent for decades. He suggested that the failure to execute on well-crafted strategies is not just a capacity problem, but a result of selfish interests within. Some people are benefiting from the way things are, he explained. So, if they change, they will lose the benefit.
As a futurist and leadership strategist, Dr. Magara used his keynote address to also dismantle some of the comfortable narratives often repeated in policy circles. He challenged the audience to reconsider the concept of agency, arguing that choice only becomes agency when backed by the capacity to act. He pushed back against the common narrative that Africa’s youth population is automatically a demographic dividend.
A youth bulge without a falling birth rate, without matching job creation is not a dividend, he warned. It is a dependency burden wearing dividends lobbying.
Dr. Magara said, “if you ask any panel anywhere on this continent why Africa has not industrialised, you will get the same three answers almost every single time. Not enough skills, not enough infrastructure, not enough finance. And all of this is true. All of it is real. None of it should be dismissed.” But none of those three answers explains a much stranger fact sitting right in front of us, “why have we been writing almost identical strategy documents, making almost identical recommendations for 30 years plus.”
Dr. James Magara presents his keynote address.
He urged the room to be honest about the reality of the labor market, noting that every year, between 10 and 12 million Africans enter the labor market, while economies create roughly three million formal jobs. That gap cannot close itself, he stated. And it does not close by wishing it away in a policy document.
Engagement with Dr. Magara’s Keynote
The keynote featured significant engagement, primarily from Professor Pamela Mbabazi, Ms. Allen-Sophia Asiimwe, and Dr. Fred NK Muhumuza, who offered diverse perspectives that somewhat aligned with, and at certain points challenged his arguments.
Professor Pamela Mbabazi, Executive Chairperson of the National Planning Authority (NPA), offered a government perspective on the issues raised. She acknowledged the disconnect between some policy and deep thinking. Siding with Dr. Magara, there is a visible rush into making decisions without having deep thinking and engaging with amazing think tanks like YOBEL, CASTLE, she admitted.
Prof. Pamela Mbabazi.
She called for a more intentional approach to policymaking, urging think tanks to collaborate more closely with government bodies like the NPA. She explained that countries like China did not get to where they are by accident, they were intentional to include their think tanks into policy making and no decisions were made haphazardly.
Professor Mbabazi suggested that as a country and continent we can have our think tanks drive policy if we want to build a five-hundred-billion-dollar economy by 2040.
She concluded her submission joining Dr Magara in questioning whether Africa could credibly speak of strategic agency when the institutions through which agency is exercised remain substantially dependent on financing from elsewhere.
Allen Sophia Asiimwe the Deputy CEO/Chief of Programme at trademark Africa addressed the conference via zoom, and expressed she was happy “when Dr. Magara started off with a question on the size of Africa on the map and in reality, it matters.”
Ms. Allen Sophia Asiimwe contributes virtually.
However, she challenged some of his assertions on financing. She requested to push back on this very strongly saying “If you look at how Africa is made up, a lot of our countries are still very poor,” arguing that the continent’s economic reality as of now requires external support.
With that said, she shifted the focus from external funding to internal inefficiencies, agreeing that Africa is sabotaging its own growth through non-tariff barriers, noting, “we are self-sabotaging. If we opened up for trade, if we allowed goods to cross the borders, we may actually make a big difference,” Ms. Asiimwe discussed.
Dr. Fred Muhumuza a prominent Ugandan development economist, senior lecturer, and policy advisor also engaged with the views on economic planning and indicators.
He agreed that think tanks are an issue, and that they must be embraced for the better. We must think about our problems, talk about them, and see what sense we make to ourselves.
Dr. Fred Muhumuza.
Dr. Muhumuza questioned the premise that the source of financing is the primary issue, suggesting that the quality of the plan being financed is more critical.
Major General Gregory Mugisha Muntuyera, added his voice to Dr Magara’s arguing that beyond map size, Africa’s development is hindered not by a lack of potential, but by a mindset of dependency. Drawing a contrast to the conditioning of elephants in India mastered by small humans.
The General stated, “we have got the knowledge, we have got the qualifications, but we have been conditioned.”
He emphasized that true progress requires discipline for ” without this nothing is going to happen” regardless of how many conferences are held.
The Cost of a Broken System
Ms. Eseza Mulyagonja, a member of the YOBEL Biashara board, as one of the opening speakers, issued a strong reminder of the urgency required in addressing the continent’s challenges.
Ms. Mulyagonja shared a story so dear to her, of a young boy in a village who died after being bitten by a snake because he was not in school, for his fees were unpaid. She used this to illustrate the human cost of broken systems and advised that we do not have to wait for calamity to strike, since this is a story that is so common.
Ms. Eseza Mulyagonja.
She said as a continent, we have got to confront these things saying if we do not bring these stories close to home, we will not be propelled to change the direction for the better.
MAKERERE-CASTLE-YOBEL A PARTNERSHIP FOR AFRICA’S TRANSFORMATION
Representing Professor Sarah Ssali, the First Deputy Vice Chancellor in charge of Academic Affairs, Professor Edward Bbaale the Principal College of Business and Management Sciences, emphasised the institution’s commitment to being an active partner in national and continental transformation acknowledging the global economic order is undergoing profound change, characterised by geopolitical realignment and an accelerating energy transition.
Prof. Edward Bbaale.
“These questions cannot be settled in just one conference. These are conversations that we’re going to have to continue even after here. So once again, I thank our chief guest, our keynote speaker, our discussants, our partners, the organizers, and every one of you who have made this time a meaningful time spent and made meaningful contributions to Africa’s future.
“The important question, therefore, is not simply how Africa will be affected by these changes, but how Africa will shape them”, Professor Bbaale remarked.
Crowning the remarks from the host institution, Makere University Chairperson of Council Dr. Lorna Magara appreciated everyone that was present for this noble conversation.
She said, “I trust that each of us leaves today with at least one idea that we are going to execute for the good of our continent.”
Dr. Lorna Magara shares a light moment with other dignitaries during the Conference.
She proposed that the first item on the agenda of the YOBEL Biashara 2027 conference should be looking at the scorecard of what has been done to see that Africa increasingly moves from being a passive recipient of global economic decisions to becoming an active participant in shaping the rules, institutions, and partnerships that determine its development direction.
Makerere University confirms with deep sadness the death of Kabuye Kelvin Charles, a second-year student pursuing a Bachelor’s degree in Architecture at the College of Engineering, Design, Art and Technology (CEDAT).
On the early morning of 28th September 2026, the body of the deceased was discovered on campus inside the fence that houses the MTN mast opposite the University Library. University security promptly reported the matter to Makerere Police Station. Police officers responded immediately and have handed over the investigation to the Wandegeya Homicide Desk and Scene of Crime Officers.
The cause of death is not known at this time; however, a post-mortem examination has been requested, and investigations remain ongoing. The University is fully cooperating with the Uganda Police Force.
The University Management extends its heartfelt condolences to the family, friends, and classmates of the late Kabuye Kelvin. We share in this profound loss and pain.
Members of the University community who may be affected by this incident are encouraged to seek assistance. Counselling and psychosocial support services are available to all students and staff through the University Counselling and Guidance Centre. Makerere University remains committed to the safety and well-being of its students and staff.
We will provide further updates as official information becomes available from the investigating authorities.