Humanities & Social Sciences
CHUSS Researchers Call for Review of Rules on Acquisition of National IDs to Address the Aguu Phenomenon in Northern Uganda
![](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Ms.-Jane-Anyango-150x150.jpg)
Published
7 months agoon
By
Jane Anyango![Left to Right: MP Gulu City-Hon. Betty Achan, Acholi Chief Rwot Yusuf Adek, Minister of Justice and Constitutional Affairs-Hon. Nobert Mao and Deputy Vice Chancellor (Finance & Administration)-Prof. Henry Arinaitwe during the convention on 14th December 2023. National convention to foster national conversation on floating populations, specifically the Aguu phenomenon, 14th December 2023, Fairway Hotel, Kampala Uganda, organised by CHUSS and Amani Institute.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Makerere-CHUSS-National-IDs-Convention-Floating-Populations-Aguu-14thDec2023-Chief-Guest.jpg)
Researchers from Makerere University College of Humanities and Social Sciences (CHUSS) led by Prof. Josephine Ahikire – the Principal Investigator have called on government to revise rules pertaining to the acquisition of National Identity Cards (IDs) to address the question of the Aguu floating population of the Acholi sub- region in Northern Uganda.
The Aguus are largely the Acholi floating population who were displaced during the LRA war. Some lost their parents or were born during captivity. They think they are not part of society. Most of these, are largely street children without fathers and mothers and, do not own or have access to land and all sorts of amenities. For that reason, they have to struggle to survive and in the struggle to survive, they engage in criminal and violent activities. They way-lay people, rape, steal and storm functions to loot food.
The researchers are also calling for the implementation of the Juba Peace Agreement, particularly to address the human aspect, repair their souls and skill them for survival if the region is to return to the original social cohesion.
The communities according to the researchers have to change the orientation that creates the floating population and to accept that they were disrupted by the war and therefore understand that these children need to regain their humanness.
![Mak PAF students acting a play on how the Aguus wreck residents on their way. National convention to foster national conversation on floating populations, specifically the Aguu phenomenon, 14th December 2023, Fairway Hotel, Kampala Uganda, organised by CHUSS and Amani Institute.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Makerere-CHUSS-National-IDs-Convention-Floating-Populations-Aguu-14thDec2023-PAF-Havoc-Demo-1024x539.jpg)
Since 2019, CHUSS in collaboration with Amani Institute, Uganda in Gulu, has been conducting a study on Gender Justice, Livelihood and Rights in Northern Uganda. The collaborative study was conducted under the Gender Justice and Security hub, funded by the London School of Economics and Political Science, through the UK Research Innovation.
The Research team comprised Prof. Josephine Ahikire (Co Director Gender Justice and Security Hub), Dr. Amon Ashaba Mwiine (Lead Researcher), Ms. Acayo Gloria (Researcher), Ms. Harriet Pamara (Researcher) and Mr. Aklam Amanya, (Researcher). The study covered the Acholi sub-region where the team purposively sampled four districts of Gulu, Pader, Amuru and Omoro.
On 14th December, 2023, CHUSS, in collaboration with Amani Institute, Uganda hosted a national convention at Fairway Hotel I Kampala to foster a national conversation with a special focus on the issue of floating populations, specifically the Aguu phenomenon in the Acholi sub region as one of the factors that undermines return to social cohesion.
This convention built on previous conversations that have highlighted categories of populations that emerged from war with a loss of social identity and belonging aimed at amplifying voice on these post war social struggles as issues with broader national implications.
The convention brought together national level stakeholders, policy makers from ministries, Departments and Agencies, local governments, academics and researchers, cultural leaders, and civil society organizations in and beyond the Acholi sub region region under the Theme: The Aguu Phenomenon: Floating Populations and the Quest for Social Belonging in Acholi, Northern Uganda.
The Principal Investigator Prof. Josephine Ahikire said, Northern Uganda was chosen on the argument that, even though the guns are silent and despite the significant investments in post war recovery, there is still violence of another kind.
The Research team according to Prof. Ahikire, explored the existing post-conflict conflicts and the gender layering within them, examined the dynamics within rights claims on land, livelihoods and gender justice and took stock of the community’s resilience, efforts and initiatives towards return to sustainable peace.
![Prof. Josephine Ahikire (Left), Dr. Milton Wabyona (2nd Left) join students entertaining guests. National convention to foster national conversation on floating populations, specifically the Aguu phenomenon, 14th December 2023, Fairway Hotel, Kampala Uganda, organised by CHUSS and Amani Institute.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Makerere-CHUSS-National-IDs-Convention-Floating-Populations-Aguu-14thDec2023-Prof-Ahikire-Dr-Wabyona-PAF-1024x718.jpg)
“We started with land conflicts and then as we were looking at women’s land rights, we bumped into this issue of Aguu – children mainly whose fathers are not not known, they are castigated and they are floating in a sense.
And the conversation in the fora that we have been in Gulu is that, according to the Acholi culture, there is no child that should float. That a child is always a child. So, if a child is born out of wedlock or if the father is not known, that particular child, is supposed to belong to the mothers clan,” Ahikire explained.
That sort of cultural terrain according to the PI was disrupted by the war as people got displaced, as land got grabbed and got individualized, they created new norms which have castigated these children because it means that they do not have a claim to land.
Prof. Ahikire said, the research team also heard from government officials that because the Aguus do not have claim from known clans, they cannot have national Identity cards.
“This is a very big issue but which has been securiticised as criminal gangs. These are not criminals. These are children that have been excluded from belonging and that is why we thought of performances using the theater to bring the point home that these children need belonging. It is a cry, a voice from Aguu –give us social belonging and an identity. If we don’t, in all discussions, it has been seen as a new war – they kill, rape, steal and some are armed, it is a big national issue, a gender issue and a development issue.”, the Professor warned.
![The Principal Investigator, Prof. Josephine Ahikire making her welcome remarks during the convention. National convention to foster national conversation on floating populations, specifically the Aguu phenomenon, 14th December 2023, Fairway Hotel, Kampala Uganda, organised by CHUSS and Amani Institute.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Makerere-CHUSS-National-IDs-Convention-Floating-Populations-Aguu-14thDec2023-Prof-Josephine-Ahikire-1024x705.jpg)
As a government, Ahikire stressed that there is need to engage the communities to change that orientation that creates the floating population and to accept that, they were disrupted by the war but now, need to regain humanness.
Prof. Ahikire emphasized that government has a role to play, because it has a bigger mandate to ensure that the region returns to the original social cohesion.
She credited government for the reconstruction of materials things like roads etc but observed that, the repair of the human aspect and the soul was not done. The disgruntled people and children born in captivity according the researchers came back to a strange place that castigates them and that is where the energy needs to be put.
“The Ministry of Gender, the Ministry of Justice and Constitutional Affairs and rules around national IDs have to change because, if a child is born and does not know the origin or the father, does that mean that a child was not bon in Uganda? These are artificial things we put as human beings to organize ourselves as clans but this should not be a major determinant for a person to get a national ID. That is something simple that government can do to ensure that these children can be long and function as citizens”, the Professor advised.
![Mak PAF students perform on stage as the Aguus voicing their demand for social inclusion. National convention to foster national conversation on floating populations, specifically the Aguu phenomenon, 14th December 2023, Fairway Hotel, Kampala Uganda, organised by CHUSS and Amani Institute.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Makerere-CHUSS-National-IDs-Convention-Floating-Populations-Aguu-14thDec2023-PAF-Voicing-Demo-1024x676.jpg)
Prof. Ahikire further called for more rehabilitation of the Aguus in terms of skills- building to make them productive and self-reliant. Those who can go to school can be enabled to go to school and those who can be helped in terms of vocational skills can be helped, but, the bottom line according to Prof. Ahikire is that something has to be done quickly because the region is going into the silent war, and if it becomes of a major scale, it will not be managed because these children are becoming adults giving children and therefore the whole region and nation will be at stake.
Ahikire reported that the Aguu is subculture and un underground culture whose numbers are not known. What is known is what they do. They way-lay people from the markets, those going to the university, and storm functions such as parties, funerals and weddings causing harvoc, looting and eating food as a means of survival and some even have guns.
Because it is an under culture, Prof. Ahikire said, there has not been an effort to count them and this is the time, if they are given that chance to come out.
She acknowledged that local government in Gulu district has tried to bring some of the Aguus out through initiatives such as cleaning the city but this is not enough-it has to be a very intentional intervention that seeks these children out, show them love, and nurture them as citizens that belong to nation called Uganda, to the culture called Acholi and the neighboring districts.
![Mak PAF students perform on stage the social tension between the Aguus and the community. National convention to foster national conversation on floating populations, specifically the Aguu phenomenon, 14th December 2023, Fairway Hotel, Kampala Uganda, organised by CHUSS and Amani Institute.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Makerere-CHUSS-National-IDs-Convention-Floating-Populations-Aguu-14thDec2023-PAF-Tension-Demo-1024x721.jpg)
Representing the Vice Chancellor of Makerere University, Assoc. Prof. Henry Arinaitwe commended CHUSS for an inquest into the Aguu floating population in search for solutions.
“Aguus are people who are displaced, people who have no identity and for survival, are forced to involve in criminal activity and seem not to belong to a particular society. So this function is basically to find solutions for such people in Acholi sub-region.
Makerere is a research-led University. So, we research on all aspects of life in order to find solutions. This research is on Aguu population and our researchers are presenting their findings and engaging MPs from the region, government representatives, the CSOs and the representatives of the Aguus, in order to find solutions”, He said.
![Prof. Henry Arinaitwe (3rd Left) on stage with Mak PAF students in Acholi dance. National convention to foster national conversation on floating populations, specifically the Aguu phenomenon, 14th December 2023, Fairway Hotel, Kampala Uganda, organised by CHUSS and Amani Institute.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Makerere-CHUSS-National-IDs-Convention-Floating-Populations-Aguu-14thDec2023-Prof-Henry-Alinaitwe-1024x709.jpg)
The dissemination involved theatrical performances using art and music as a tool directed by Dr. Viola Karungi and Dr. Milton Wabyona from the Department of Performing Arts and Film (PAF) From the performance, the Aguus think society is the problem and society thinks Aguus are the problem but concludes that if the common solution can be found, everybody will live a decent life have a sense of belonging and Acholi sub-region will be secure.
Government reminded to fully implement the Juba Peace Agreement
Presiding over the convention as Chief Guest, the Minister for Justice and Constitutional Affairs Hon. Norbert Mao expressed the need for government to fully implement the Juba Peace Agreement if the question of the Aguus is to be resolved.
The function was also graced by officials from the Gender Ministry, members of parliament from Acholi sub-region, NGOs and CSO, Members of the academia, children called by the derogatory name Aguu and students of Performing Arts and Film.
Minister Mao commended the researchers for the collaborative nature of the study and shading light on the status of the people of Northern Uganda. He also interested the research team to highlight the cause of the Aguu phenomenon describing the academicians as the Gurus (dispellers of darkens).
![Hon. Norbert Mao (4th Left) joins students of Performing Arts and Film to entertain guests. National convention to foster national conversation on floating populations, specifically the Aguu phenomenon, 14th December 2023, Fairway Hotel, Kampala Uganda, organised by CHUSS and Amani Institute.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Makerere-CHUSS-National-IDs-Convention-Floating-Populations-Aguu-14thDec2023-Hon-Nobert-Mao-PAF-1-1024x750.jpg)
“In that respect, a university has a very important role because a university is supposed to be a protected area – a knowledge reserve, the way forests, lakes and wetlands are …what we call academic freedom – the freedom to research, the freedom to publish, the freedom to think and the freedom to express what you have found out. This therefore is a collaboration which we should salute- a collaboration between an academic institution which has the duty to shade light”. The minister commended.
Hon. Mao called for more government commitments to building a post conflict society especially the full implementation of the Juba Peace Agreement. The minister implored parliamentarians from Acholi, Teso and West Nile regions to treat the Juba Peace Agreement as their key document and manifesto.
“You must master it and use it as the standard of debating with government. Treat it as a written and bounced cheque by government, where you should go back and demand”, Hon. Mao advised
![Minister Norbert Mao addressing participants as Chief Guest. National convention to foster national conversation on floating populations, specifically the Aguu phenomenon, 14th December 2023, Fairway Hotel, Kampala Uganda, organised by CHUSS and Amani Institute.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Makerere-CHUSS-National-IDs-Convention-Floating-Populations-Aguu-14thDec2023-Hon-Nobert-Mao-1024x729.jpg)
The minister also implored all stakeholders to address the Aguu question by moving away from the symptomatic assessment to finding out the causal relationship between the abortive demobilization, disarmament, reintegration and resettlement project.
“As a government of Uganda, we have framed the Aguu issue as a problem of the criminal justice system. So, we are directing the Aguu as a security problem, as criminal justice and were are not looking at it as a social and humanitarian problem”, Mao stated and hailed the university for creating awareness through theatre. The performance concluded that the blame game creates a vicious cycle as the Aguus blame society and vice –versa .
The Minister assured participants that it is the duty of the state to ensure that it is very risky to kill any Ugandan, to snatch ladies handbags, injure anyone or threaten anybody going home from the market and that, it is the duty of the state to draw that line and make sure that whoever does it, does it at a very high risk and there should be no incentive.
Hon. Mao’s central thesis is that the Aguu phenomenon which is characterized by violence and disorderly conduct is neither, genetic nor hereditary. It is a learned behavior, a coping mechanism and a response to circumstances and social environments.
“So we must look at the social environment and the circumstances. Our children have been exposed to a lot of violence and that partly explains their aggressive behavior because the major feature of being an Aguu is aggressiveness. Aguus are well-known for mobs. If there is a burial they go and position themselves and when the time for food comes, they physically disrupt the serving. When there is a wedding, there are there but they fear guns”, the minister explained.
![Hon. Norbert Mao (in black suit) joins Mak PAF students in Acholi dance. National convention to foster national conversation on floating populations, specifically the Aguu phenomenon, 14th December 2023, Fairway Hotel, Kampala Uganda, organised by CHUSS and Amani Institute.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Makerere-CHUSS-National-IDs-Convention-Floating-Populations-Aguu-14thDec2023-Hon-Nobert-Mao-PAF-2-1024x682.jpg)
The minister also reported that the Aguus have become mercenaries and hired gangs because there is a vacuum by the security forces to enforce the laws. Otherwise, he said, they would have become irrelevant. They see that violence is the only way to get what they want and only way to solve problems.
Hon. Mao further said, the Aguu is largely, a local government issue on grounds that it is their duty to put these people in places where they can acquire new habits of waking up and knowing that money is worked for.
“These young people should get new habits because, if your habit is to wake up in the morning with a list of where there is a funeral, public function, with spies everywhere, how can it be un done?- by inculcating a culture of work. Our young people must be made to love to work”, the minister stated.
Minister Mao also attributed the Aguu phenomenon on parenting as another frontier.
“I also know that parents have resigned. It is natural to be rebellious. Given how young Uganda’s population is , we must have a program which gives young people an opportunity to turn that corner, it is never too late, let us tell our young children that it is possible to change . We must plant a seed in the minds of all children that they have potential to change for better and be useful to society”, Mao advised all including parents and relatives.
![Director of theartre perfomance Dr. Viola Karungi speaking during the convention. National convention to foster national conversation on floating populations, specifically the Aguu phenomenon, 14th December 2023, Fairway Hotel, Kampala Uganda, organised by CHUSS and Amani Institute.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Makerere-CHUSS-National-IDs-Convention-Floating-Populations-Aguu-14thDec2023-Dr-Viola-Karungi-1024x688.jpg)
The Research Process
The Lead Researcher Dr. Amon Mwine from the School of Women and Gender Studies said the study investigated people’s everyday experiences of return from protracted war, their relationships on land, livelihood patterns, emerging post conflicts and how these influence gender relations.
The study, he said drew on a mixture of methods of collaborative knowledge production in different phases of field visits.
Dr. Mwine said the dominant discourses identified by participants in postwar Acholi was on the emerging categories of population called the floating population, a social term referring to categories of people with precarious identities in the post-conflict setting ie those born in camps, returned from the bush, people with no known parents, no clan identity and no ancestral land (identity) also, described as people who are detached from Acholi history and culture, described by denigrating labels.
Besides the theme of the floating population, Dr. Mwine said several social concerns were identified. These included land conflicts in form of contest over boundaries, shifts in customary land tenure systems and increasing intolerance of nephews and nieces fearing land claims from children with multiple identities.
The research team according to Dr. Mwine also noted the dominant conversation on social disruption and psychological trauma that hardly gain precedence in post –conflict recovery agenda. Mwine also reported that there were increasing cases of gender based violence, teenage pregnancies and psycho- social trauma and reported spike in the cases of male suicide in the region
![Mak PAF students perform on stage how the Aguus terrorise and waylay people and rob them. National convention to foster national conversation on floating populations, specifically the Aguu phenomenon, 14th December 2023, Fairway Hotel, Kampala Uganda, organised by CHUSS and Amani Institute.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Makerere-CHUSS-National-IDs-Convention-Floating-Populations-Aguu-14thDec2023-PAF-Terror-Demo-1024x670.jpg)
Mwine also reported that, there have been increasing reports of criminality in post-war Acholi sub region in both conventional and social media committed by the Aguu terrorizing community residents and travelers across the region. He said the Aguus were reportedly very organized groups with zones of operation with its leaders. They have identification marks like body piercing, tattoos, hairstyles that help them identify each other and communicate easily.
While some actors especially local government have intensified security crack down on what is perceived as urban criminality, Dr. Mwine said, other actors focused on rehabilitation and rethinking the role of social structures such as clan, families, religion and traditional institutions in restoring lost social values.
Policy implications
The Aguu phenomen according to Dr. Mwine has far reaching policy implications
- Issues of Identity and belonging e.g. the Aguu are complex social relations often taken for granted and not centered in post-conflict recovery programming. They are currently addressed with strategies that constitute Aguu as an issue of morality and criminality, and a problem to economic development, commonly addressed through security crackdown.
- Because of their unclear social identity, i.e. no known parents, no clear cultural heritage, and the precarious social settings they operate in, Aguu are most likely to be excluded by the formal citizenry systems eg registration of nationals such as during acquisition of Identity cards.
- Aguu are said to be using tactics and methods closely similar to the ones used during the LRA insurgency- their actions are similar to those individuals who had been in the bush; they use ruthless means like stabbing people with knives, looting people’s property, torture and no value to human life. Aguu not only instil fear in the population but also threatens sustainable peace in the community.
![Mak PAF students conclude the performance on the need for unity among all stakeholders to address the Aguu phenomenon. National convention to foster national conversation on floating populations, specifically the Aguu phenomenon, 14th December 2023, Fairway Hotel, Kampala Uganda, organised by CHUSS and Amani Institute.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Makerere-CHUSS-National-IDs-Convention-Floating-Populations-Aguu-14thDec2023-PAF-Students-1024x682.jpg)
Learnings and key messages
Dr. Mwine reported that having engaged communities in several dialogues, different lessons were taken from the research process.
- One particular learning is on how economic centered post conflict programming e.g. prioritizing investment in physical infrastructure and economic ventures often takes for granted social aspects of recovery.
- The centrality of social vitality or the loss of it and its implications for the return to social cohesion in post-conflict communities is apparent.
- The question of Aguu as part of the population at the margins of the post – conflict northern Uganda does reveal the need to prioritize post-war social identity. The case of Aguu and the state measures to respond to it declaring security operations is a critical juncture. It points to the need to rethink the place of culture, traditional systems in enabling belonging and social cohesion.
- Rediscovering social connectedness, cultural heritage and a sense of identity in the Acholi community might be one of the core aspects needed to address the Aguu question and facilitate a return to relative social cohesion.
![Mak PAF students directed by Dr. Milton Wabyona (Front Right) entertaining the guests. National convention to foster national conversation on floating populations, specifically the Aguu phenomenon, 14th December 2023, Fairway Hotel, Kampala Uganda, organised by CHUSS and Amani Institute.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Makerere-CHUSS-National-IDs-Convention-Floating-Populations-Aguu-14thDec2023-Dr-Wabyona-1024x682.jpg)
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Humanities & Social Sciences
Mak develops new model to aid teaching of Maths in Lower Secondary Curriculum
Published
4 days agoon
July 23, 2024![](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/MusickingMaths-App-25th-June-2024.jpg)
Makerere University has developed a new Mobile Application to aid the teaching of Mathematics using performing arts in Lower Secondary Curriculum.
“Mathematics is very important in life. The Government Policy on Science Education declared mathematics compulsory for lower secondary school learners as the driver of all sciences. However, the performance of students in mathematics is inadequate. Most students fear mathematics. Others believe mathematics is very hard,” said Prof. Sylvia Antonia Nakimera Nannyonga-Tamusuza, the Principal Investigator of the project.
She noted that despite numerous government interventions, including improving teachers’ conditions, teaching facilities and infrastructure, learners’ performance of Mathematics is still not impressive.
![](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/MusickingMaths-App-ProfNannyonga-Tamusuza-25th-June-2024.jpg)
To address this problem, Prof. Nannyonga-Tamusuza working with a team of researchers from Makerere University and the National Curriculum Development Centre (NCDC) focused on using the power of performing arts, which includes music, dance, drama, story-telling, and visual-audio arts to make the studying of mathematics more captivating and enjoyable.
The research team developed the MusickingMaths App to enhance the teaching of Mathematics through music. The App is an interactive digital platform between the learner and the knowledge facilitator to support the learners in creating songs about mathematical concepts learned.
Prof. Nannyonga-Tamusuza explained that the created songs are shared with the knowledge facilitator for evaluation and feedback on the learners’ performance of the mathematical concepts.
She made the remarks during the dissemination of research findings of the project titled Integrating Performing Arts to Enhance Teaching/Learning Mathematics in Lower Senior Secondary Schools in Uganda (IPATELMASS) at Makerere University on June 25, 2024.
Prof. Nannyonga-Tamusuza explained that the new model is an intervention to improve the teaching/learning of mathematics in lower secondary schools in Uganda. She pointed out that IPATELMASS is a participatory action-based research project whose main objective was to inform the development of an Integrated Performing Arts-Mathematics Teaching Learning (IPAMTeL).
Funded by the Government of Uganda through the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (Mak-RIF), the collaborative venture brought together researchers from the performing arts and mathematics experts from Makerere University, the National Curriculum Development Centre, National Teachers’ Colleges and mathematics teachers from Mubende.
“This Project speaks to Uganda’s National Development Plan IV, which attributes the poor economic performance to the limited application of science, innovation, and technology,” Prof. Nannyonga-Tamusuza elaborated.
The findings of this research, which was conducted using learners from Mubende Army Secondary School and Kitenga Secondary School in Mubende District, indicate that learners improved in comprehension, critical-thinking skills, concentration span, and memory retention of mathematical concepts and principles.
Other outcomes include improved understanding: learners were better at comprehending mathematical concepts through visualisation and experiencing abstract ideas through performance and dramatization, learners improved other intrinsic values, such as teamwork, communication, problem-solving, and tolerance.
Prof.Nannyonga-Tamusuza told participants that the learners developed positive attitudes towards Mathematics.
“Learners’ attitudes shifted, making them more positive and open to learning mathematics,” Prof. Nannyonga-Tamusuza added.
![](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/MusickingMaths-App-Audience-MubendeAS25th-June-2024.jpg)
This was re-affirmed by the learners from Mubende Army School who testified that their participation in the research project completely changed their negative perception about mathematics. “Participating in the Makerere University project proved to us that mathematics can be taught anytime (in the morning, afternoon and evening hours). Previously, we thought math was so hard, that it could only be taught in the morning hours.”
Consequently, the learners from Mubende Army School appreciated Makerere University for integrating performing arts into the teaching of math, which has made learning enjoyable.
The research team came up with a number of recommendations including; the need for teacher training and professional development and specialised training for teachers to integrate performing arts into mathematics instruction effectively. As such, resources and funding must be allocated to professional development programs that provide teachers with the necessary skills and knowledge.
![](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/MusickingMaths-App-Audience-CheifGuest-25th-June-2024.jpg)
Additionally, researchers recommended: further research on how student learning and achievement can be assessed or evaluated in arts-integrated mathematics education, research and development; the need to support ongoing research and evaluation of the effectiveness of arts-integrated mathematics education and community engagement; as well as policies that encourage partnerships between schools, arts organisations, and community stakeholders so as to enhance arts-integrated education.
The Principal, College of Humanities and Social Science (CHUSS), Prof. Helen Nambalirwa Nkabala who represented Makerere University Vice Chancellor, Prof. Barnabas Nawangwe appealed to the Government of Uganda to provide more research funds saying times have changed due to technological advancement.
Prof. Nambalirwa Nkabala proclaimed that the launch of the model that integrates performing arts into the learning of math, was testimony that both the sciences and humanities can work together to make the world a better place.
She commended Prof. Nannyonga-Tamusuza and the research team from the College of Humanities and Social Sciences for taking on a multi-disciplinary approach to research that brought on board scientists, mathematicians, as well as partners in the education sector namely the National Curriculum Development Centre and the schools.
She appreciated the research team for coming up with a solution to address the inadequate performance of students in mathematics.
“With research that seeks to improve the studying of mathematics, Makerere University is fully endowed to make contribution towards the development of Uganda,” Prof. Nambalirwa Nkabala stated.
Launching the IPAMTeL model, the Chief Guest Hajji Ismael Mulindwa, Director of Basic and Secondary Education at the Ministry of Education and Sports applauded Makerere University for taking the lead in solving a national problem.
![](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/MusickingMaths-App-Audience-25th-June-2024.jpg)
“I encourage our schools to emulate Makerere to spice up mathematics,” he guided. “I appeal to researchers to do more research in the education sector so as to inform policy.”
Hajji Mulindwa hailed the University Management and the Grants Management Committee for putting the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund to good use.
On behalf of the National Curriculum Development Centre, Dr. Bernadette Nambi, the Director Curriculum Review and Instructional Material Development said the model will not only enhance teaching in the lower curriculum, but also contribute to holistic learning. She noted that the model makes the student the centre of learning and helps teachers to bring mathematics closer to the learners through making it easier for learners to remember concepts.
The Academic Registrar of Makerere University, Prof. Buyinza Mukadasi implored the different units at Makerere University to work together to bring the best out of each discipline. “This is the away to go. I believe the time is right for the different departments to work together,” Prof. Buyinza Mukadasi said.
He appealed to the university lecturers to invest more time in mindset change and create awareness about the need for the same among the teaching class and community at large.
Humanities & Social Sciences
CHUSS Biannual Newsletter Jan-Jun 2024
![](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Ms.-Jane-Anyango-150x150.jpg)
Published
2 weeks agoon
July 12, 2024By
Jane Anyango![The Principal CHUSS, Assoc. Prof. Helen Nambalirwa Nkabala. College of Humanities and Social Sciences (CHUSS), Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Makerere-CHUSS-Principal-Assoc-Prof-Helen-Nambalirwa-Nkabala.jpg)
Welcome to this edition of the CHUSS Bi-Annual Newsletter. The issue highlights major activities that have unfolded in the college between January and June 2024. It covers major thematic areas of Teaching and Learning, Human Resources, Knowledge transfer and partnerships.
Assoc. Prof. Helen Nambalirwa Nkabala
PRINCIPAL
Humanities & Social Sciences
Prof. Josephine Ahikire Hands Over CHUSS Leadership to Assoc. Prof. Helen Nkabala
![](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Ms.-Jane-Anyango-150x150.jpg)
Published
2 months agoon
June 5, 2024By
Jane Anyango![Prof. Josephine Ahikire hands over CHUSS leadership to Assoc. Prof. Helen Nambalirwa Nkabala on 31st May 2024 in the CHUSS Smart room. Prof. Josephine Ahikire Hands Over College of Humanities and Social Sciences (CHUSS) Leadership to Assoc. Prof. Helen Nambalirwa Nkabala, 31st May 2024, CHUSS Smart room, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Makerere-CHUSS-Prof-Ahikire-Hands-Over-to-Prof-Nkabala-31stMay2024-Handshake.jpg)
“As outgoing Principal of the biggest college, the most vibrant college, the college with the power of the word, the college with the power of language, the college with the power of vibe, I hereby hand over to you Professor Helen Nkabala Nabalirwa..”
“I extend my congratulations to Prof. Helen Nkabala, the incoming Principal and I pledge full support in her new position, so that at CHUSS, we remain on the move”.
That was Prof. Josephine Ahikire message as she handed over the instruments of power to the newly elected Principal for the College of Humanities and Social Sciences (CHUSS) Assoc. Prof. Helen Nambalirwa Nkabala on Friday 31st May 2024. Nkabala pledged participatory leadership and assured attendees that CHUSS will continue to excel.
The afternoon handover over ceremony held in the College Smart room was witnessed by the University Secretary and Director Human Resources represented. Prof. Nkabala’s family (mother, uncle and sister, her spouse Mr. Nkabala) witnessed the occasion. The Principal College of Natural Sciences Prof. Ireeta Tumps, Head GAMSU Prof. Sylvia Nanyonga Tamusuza, staff from Makerere University staff tribunal, Prof. Amanda from CEDAT, also graced the occasion. Members of CHUSS management and staff including Deputy Principal Dr. Eric Awich, Deans, Heads of departments, coordinators, support and administrative staff attended the ceremony.
I have enjoyed my tenure says outgoing Prof Josephine Ahikire
Prof. Josephine Ahikire said, CHUSS has created a cohort of leaders especially women to take it on.
“I have truly enjoyed my tenure as Principal and I send my appreciation to my Deputy Principal Assoc. Prof. Eric Awich, the Deans and heads. We delivered as a team right from the top to the last person. Now that public universities are being run as government departments Prof. Ahikire called for collaborative spirit from all administrators, college and schools and departments to be able to deliver” .
Ahikire paid special recognition to Makerere University top management for their unwavering support and for creating enabling environment for members of CHUSS to deliver what they pursue as their mantra, CHUSS on the Move.
“ I learnt one thing from the current Vice Chancellor that not all people need to line up to have a document signed. So, I removed some of those benches from the Principals corridor. Not all people have to sit and wait for a travel form to be signed”, she said.
![Prof. Ahikire receives a certificate of recognition from the US representative Simon Kizito. Prof. Josephine Ahikire Hands Over College of Humanities and Social Sciences (CHUSS) Leadership to Assoc. Prof. Helen Nambalirwa Nkabala, 31st May 2024, CHUSS Smart room, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Makerere-CHUSS-Prof-Ahikire-Hands-Over-to-Prof-Nkabala-31stMay2024-Mr-Simon-Kizito-1024x668.jpg)
She also extended gratitude to the donors who have supported the college especially those supposedly unmarketable fields around the humanities and social sciences. She noted that as the rest of the donors pursue the marketable fields along the neoliberal agenda, the soul of humanity is falling apart. She pointed out the Mellon Foundation and the Gerda Henkel Siftung for being at the fore front and whose funds have been used to create vibrancy at CHUSS.
Giving an overview of her hand over report, Ahikire said the role of the Principal is guided by the Universities and Tertiary Institutions Act and the College statute whose functions are stipulated in there. CHUSS, she said, is one of the biggest units of the university offering the oldest disciplines which provide the key for unlocking the human potential for development.
In the report, the Professor highlighted human resources status in the college comprising 11 prof. 26 associate professors 44 senior lecturers, 87 lecturers and 70 Assist lectures, 26 administrative staff and 52 support staff noting that, the college was still bottom heavy with more assistant lecturers than lecturers.
The report also indicated the college assets in terms of office equipment, furniture and computers mostly acquired through projects, subvention development fund or furniture and fittings.
The report further highlighted the college wide projects in terms of how they operate through the Principals office, stores and assets register, the budget performance, ledger for each project, the project balances and the cohorts of PhD training.
![Prof. Ahikire receives a gift from CHUSS Deans presented by Dr. Baluku Martin. Prof. Josephine Ahikire Hands Over College of Humanities and Social Sciences (CHUSS) Leadership to Assoc. Prof. Helen Nambalirwa Nkabala, 31st May 2024, CHUSS Smart room, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Makerere-CHUSS-Prof-Ahikire-Hands-Over-to-Prof-Nkabala-31stMay2024-Dr-Baluku-Martin-1024x803.jpg)
Major accomplishments
Prof. Ahikire reported that in the recent years, the college made progress in terms of staff promotion and most were still in the process . “In the last three years, a total of 87 members have been promoted. Six professors, nine associates, 35 senior lecturers, and 37 lecturers”.
She said, the college has one of the biggest student population in the university adding that, there has been improvement in terms of graduate output. .
“In the last graduation, we had 30 PhDs. I have put the graduation trends, especially for graduate programs, and the fact that we have really improved, means that supervision level has improved, the processing of examination has also improved, and the processing of results has also improved. And that is something that everybody in this room can actually own.”
Notably, she also reported that the college was able to pilot a students’ management system.
“When I came into office, you’d ask this student, what is the progress and you’d never know how to track. So as of now, at the touch of a button, you can know that if this student submitted a thesis or a dissertation, this is where it has reached”, she explained.
![Prof. Ahikire displays the plaque from the college presented to her in recognition of her exemplary service. Prof. Josephine Ahikire Hands Over College of Humanities and Social Sciences (CHUSS) Leadership to Assoc. Prof. Helen Nambalirwa Nkabala, 31st May 2024, CHUSS Smart room, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Makerere-CHUSS-Prof-Ahikire-Hands-Over-to-Prof-Nkabala-31stMay2024-Plaque-1024x748.jpg)
Among the challenges, Prof. Ahikire highlighted the limited teaching and office space, accreditation of courses, limited human and financial resources including grant and research portfolio,
In terms of the issues to consider, Ahikire stressed the need to pursue the research- led agenda and graduate training, and expressed the need for the academic board to be facilitated to serve as a driving force behind CHUSS research agenda. Ahikire called upon staff to first have the research agenda, and then mobilize resources and have Graduate training as a pivotal aspect of research and to continuously upgrade the infrastructure.
Prof. Nkabala hails Predecessor for laying foundation. Assures that CHUSS will Continue to Excel
Assoc. Prof. Nkabala appreciated the outgoing Principal for laying the ground.
“A very good afternoon, friends. It is with a lot of humility that I stand before you this afternoon, taking over what that is already done. I would like thank my predecessor, who has just handed over, Principal Emeritus Professor Josephine Ahikire, Thank you for laying the ground, and thank you for handing over. Friends, I would like to start by acknowledging the core people who make what CHUSS is”. Nkabala aknowlegded.
![Incoming Principal, Assoc. Prof. Helen Namabalirwa Nkabala making her remarks. Prof. Josephine Ahikire Hands Over College of Humanities and Social Sciences (CHUSS) Leadership to Assoc. Prof. Helen Nambalirwa Nkabala, 31st May 2024, CHUSS Smart room, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Makerere-CHUSS-Prof-Ahikire-Hands-Over-to-Prof-Nkabala-31stMay2024-Address-1024x840.jpg)
Nkabala also recognized deans, heads, administrative, support and all staff for leading CHUSS to where it is assuring them that college will remain on move.
“ I want to give you my assurance that while I know that change is difficult, I cannot lie to you that there is no change. We have changed and you have seen that. But CHUSS will continue to excel with your support. What we did, is to change the driving seat, but you are the engine”, Prof. Nkabala assured and remarked that she counts on the Professors to offer support and guidance.
“So it is up to us, me and you and Prof. Ahikire as one of the critical Professors and others. I want to pay allegiance and also assure you that for CHUSS to go forward, we are looking up to you to offer academic leadership. So when we come please accept us. You rightly noted that e are bottom heavy, I will continue from where you have stopped and do my best”. Nkabala promised adding:
“I will reach out to all the leaders and I want to assure all the staff in CHUSS, that I will reach to each and every one of you. So, dear deans present, heads of departments, I will request that we have an entry meeting in each and every school and department. We are 16 and we shall talk together to see how we carry on this work that I start today”, she asserted.
![Prof. Nkabala's uncle (Left) and mother (Centre) witnessing the handover. Prof. Josephine Ahikire Hands Over College of Humanities and Social Sciences (CHUSS) Leadership to Assoc. Prof. Helen Nambalirwa Nkabala, 31st May 2024, CHUSS Smart room, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Makerere-CHUSS-Prof-Ahikire-Hands-Over-to-Prof-Nkabala-31stMay2024-Uncle-Mother-1024x750.jpg)
Nkabala also called on the office of the university secretary for support.
“I was excited when I heard the US pledging total support, underline the word total support, because Professor Ahikire said, you give them funds for one course, yes, yet we have 37 programmes. So, when I knock on your door on Tuesday, because Monday is a public holiday, please receive me”
Stating that she hails from a very humble background, Nkabala requested staff to be friends to work together and to see the continuity in a very peaceful way.
University Secretary Recognises Prof. Ahikire for exemplary leadership: Counsels on leadership qualities
Representing the Makerere University Secretary, the Deputy University Secretary Simon Kizito offered reflections on leadership dynamics during the handover ceremony.
The Secretary began by acknowledging the universal truth that despite our religious teachings, we all stumble and make mistakes. Drawing a parallel between these human imperfections and the challenges of leadership, he emphasized the importance of continuous learning and growth.
![The University Secretary's representative Mr. Simon Kizito giving his remarks. Prof. Josephine Ahikire Hands Over College of Humanities and Social Sciences (CHUSS) Leadership to Assoc. Prof. Helen Nambalirwa Nkabala, 31st May 2024, CHUSS Smart room, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Makerere-CHUSS-Prof-Ahikire-Hands-Over-to-Prof-Nkabala-31stMay2024-Mr-Simon-Kizito-Address-1024x779.jpg)
He shared bits of wisdom collected from his own experiences. He spoke of the inevitability of conflict in leadership roles, urging leaders to approach conflicts with a positive mindset, viewing them as opportunities for resolution and growth
With a touch of vulnerability, he opened up about the loneliness that often accompanies leadership positions. “It’s not easy,” he admitted, “to make tough decisions and stand by them.” But he offered reassurance that in the face of solitude, there lies an opportunity for leaders to make a positive impact through their actions.
The University Secretary spoke of failure as a natural part of the leadership journey, urging leaders to embrace setbacks as stepping stones to success. He reminded the audience that time is finite, urging leaders to make the most of their tenure by prioritizing effective time management and delegation.
![Mr. Nkabala (standing) husband to Assoc. Prof. Helen Nambalirwa Nkabala witnessed the handover. Prof. Josephine Ahikire Hands Over College of Humanities and Social Sciences (CHUSS) Leadership to Assoc. Prof. Helen Nambalirwa Nkabala, 31st May 2024, CHUSS Smart room, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Makerere-CHUSS-Prof-Ahikire-Hands-Over-to-Prof-Nkabala-31stMay2024-Mr-Nkabala-1024x651.jpg)
The Secretary emphasized the importance of self-care and the acceptance of feedback in maintaining effective leadership. With genuine warmth, he expressed gratitude for the exemplary leadership of outgoing Principal Ahikire, promising continued support for CHUSS under its new leadership.
He expressed his confidence in the future of CHUSS, reaffirming the collective commitment to excellence and growth at the institution.
Director Human Resource Grateful for Ahikire’s leadership says, Change is Inevitable
Represented by Makubuya Godfrey, the Director Human Resource Makerere University guided on the need to appreciate that change is inevitable.
“In a leadership, things happen for a cause. And once they do, then the leaders have to accept because God is in between whatever is happening, either for or against. So as this has happened, that change is coming and we are glad it’s coming, you know, we know at a given time it will happen”,
The Director appreciated Professor Ahikire for her service to the university.
![Mr. Godfrey Makubuya representing the Director Human Resources. Prof. Josephine Ahikire Hands Over College of Humanities and Social Sciences (CHUSS) Leadership to Assoc. Prof. Helen Nambalirwa Nkabala, 31st May 2024, CHUSS Smart room, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Makerere-CHUSS-Prof-Ahikire-Hands-Over-to-Prof-Nkabala-31stMay2024-Mr-Godfrey-Makubuya-1024x795.jpg)
“She has served us for quite some time. And we are very grateful for that leadership. You know, she served even before a deputy principal, acted as Principal and became principal. We are grateful that God provided you that opportunity to offer yourself and the leaders at the time. So, an opportunity is now here that she has to hand over to another leader”. he noted.
As an outgoing principal, Makubuya believed many of the staff had interacted with Prof. Ahikire at different levels and shared a lot.
“And, Professor Nkabala, we welcome you to this college. Of course, it’s not new to you, but in leadership of the college. And it’s our pledge that actually we will work with you to take the college and our university in the right direction”. He added
![Front row: Assoc. Prof. Helen Nkabala (4th Left) and Prof Josephine Ahikire (5th Left) in a group photo with some staff members after the handover ceremony. Prof. Josephine Ahikire Hands Over College of Humanities and Social Sciences (CHUSS) Leadership to Assoc. Prof. Helen Nambalirwa Nkabala, 31st May 2024, CHUSS Smart room, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.](https://news.mak.ac.ug/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Makerere-CHUSS-Prof-Ahikire-Hands-Over-to-Prof-Nkabala-31stMay2024-Group-1024x703.jpg)
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