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Make Mathematics speak to the public & link it to economic growth, Minister Musenero appeals to Mathematicians

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By Ritah Namisango

The Minister for Science, Technology and Innovations, Hon. Dr. Monica Musenero called upon mathematicians to ensure that mathematics speaks to the public in a language they could understand and use for economic development. This was during the opening of the four-day joint African-Nordic Mathematics conference that was held at Makerere University under the theme, “Celebrating 20 Years with ISP/EAUMP/SIDA, 10 Years with CIMO/HEI-ICI and Commencing the NORHED II-Funded Mathematics for Sustainable Development Project from 1st to 4th August, 2023.

The Conference brings on board over 150 mathematicians from 15 countries including Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, Zambia, Namibia, Ethiopia, Botswana, South Africa, Australia, Norway, Hungary, Denmark, Germany, USA and Uganda the host.

The conference is aimed at stimulating regional and international collaboration in training, research and outreach; honouring Professor Leif Abrahamsson for his great contribution to the development of mathematics in the East African region and beyond; celebrating the new Mathematics initiative MATH4SD in the region under NORHED-II as well as providing a forum for interaction among mathematicians from Africa and beyond with a view of sharing experiences in mathematical training, research and outreach activities.

Officially opening the Conference, Hon. Monica Musenero, an alumna of Makerere University informed the mathematicians that linking mathematics with science, technology and innovation is a key driver to economic development. So, when people are isolated and separated from such an important subject, leaving it in an academic corner, we miss 50% of the development. She appealed to the mathematics researchers to break down their findings to make them relevant to the entire public. She advocated for mathematics publications that can be read, understood and appreciated by the public for economic growth.

Hon. Dr. Monica Musenero Masanza (Right) presents the award to Prof. Leif Abrahamsson (Left) during the opening ceremony of the joint conference. Yusuf Lule Central Teaching Facility, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda.
Hon. Dr. Monica Musenero Masanza (Right) presents the award to Prof. Leif Abrahamsson (Left) during the opening ceremony of the joint conference.

“If we are to have our economy grow, then we are going to come back to the corner of science and start to interpret what it means. We really need to functionalize the definition of mathematics. In simple terms, science is knowledge. I can speak that to a kindergarten pupil and they understand it. I am sure that people here have very specialized knowledge, but it has to be translated into technology and simply using mathematics to develop tools. I am sure there are very many tools that have been developed. However, for the public, we find it difficult to see those tools. So, we need to understand them such that they can speak and make sense to us,” Hon. Musenero said.

The Minister said that the academia struggle to find funds partly because some of the people who would provide those funds are not able to translate the mathematics language. She stated that if they could focus on translating the mathematics to make it visible, then obtaining funds would be quite easy. She thus urged the researchers to use their findings to create knowledge and develop tools to find solutions to people’s problems, where they live, work and spend their day to day lives.

“I would like to bring this from our side by saying that, please let mathematics speak to us. Make the PhDs speak to us. In science we do research and generate knowledge, but the knowledge must be transformed into tools. For instance, we used calculators in schools, but we never realized the mathematics in those calculators. That is a task that we have to walk this journey to translate the science into enterprises, such that we can bring about our socio-economic transformation.” She remarked.

Some of the participants follow proceedings during the opening ceremony of the Joint African-Nordic Conference in Mathematics. Yusuf Lule Central Teaching Facility, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda.
Some of the participants follow proceedings during the opening ceremony of the Joint African-Nordic Conference in Mathematics.

Speaking about transforming Uganda’s economy, Hon. Musenero said that the country is focused on the socio-economic transformation. She stated that Science is no longer just a sector, but an approach to economic development. She highlighted that in order to take science as an approach, we can only do that if we are able to bridge the gap between knowledge and understanding. She emphasized that research is the only avenue for production of high caliber human resources as well as the best input into a country’s human capital.  “When the nation is engaged in research, it rapidly increases its human capital and following closely would be the development of the nation and the transition from a commodity based economy to a science led economy.”

On behalf of the Government of Uganda, the Hon. Musenero acknowledged the Nordic governments for the generous support towards the advancement of research and innovations in mathematics in Uganda. She also committed to working with key players to ensure that the investments would be effectively translated to ably formulate well informed policies that will lead to sustainable development as well as development of tools and innovations.

To the mathematics researchers and graduates supported under the NORAD program, the Minister invited them to a dialogue so that they discuss strategies that will benefit the country.  “I invite the Masters and PhD graduates, especially those from Uganda for a dialogue to see how to develop our country together and retain you in the country. We badly need you now, but many have in the past exited the country because they have not been seeing where else to go. We also need to find a way on how those who already left the country can come back home to work together.”

The Vice Chancellor, Prof. Barnabas Nawangwe commended the Nordic governments of Sweden, Norway, Finland and Denmark for supporting Makerere University and other regional universities in the areas of human resources capacity building, research, library sciences and information technology and infrastructure development.

Prof. Barnabas Nawangwe (Left) and Hon. Dr. Monica Musenero (Right) share a light moment during the Conference. Yusuf Lule Central Teaching Facility, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Prof. Barnabas Nawangwe (Left) and Hon. Dr. Monica Musenero (Right) share a light moment during the Conference.

“The Nordic support has greatly played a relevant role in helping Makerere University to deliver our core functions which are teaching, research and innovations and partnerships. Makerere University has benefited significantly from the very strong relationship and support from the Nordic countries. In particular, I must say that Sida and NORAD have helped us to come out of those difficult years and they have helped us to train more than 600 PhDs over the last 20 years. We are indeed very grateful,” Prof. Nawangwe said.

Prof. Nawangwe called upon staff, individuals and universities from Africa that had received the NORAD and Sida support to use it for capacity development and multiply the benefits of that capacity. He said that if that support is put to good use, it will help Africa to get out of the prevailing circle of poverty.

The Vice Chancellor underscored the value of mathematics. He categorically stated that mathematics is the mother of all sciences, and without it, we could not get anywhere. According to Prof. Nawangwe, the work of mathematicians is the foundation of everything that we want to do in science and developing our countries.

During the opening ceremony, Makerere University recognized Professor Leif Abrahamsson for his valuable and selfless contribution towards the development of mathematics in the East African region and Uganda in particular.

 “Today, we are honoring you Professor Leif Abrahamsson for the work you have done. As part of establishing everlasting memories of you in the East African region, Makerere University will establish the Leif Abrahamsson Chair for supporting mathematics in the Region.”

The Vice Chancellor noted that to solicit for funds to support the region in Mathematics, there is need to use the name ‘Leif Abrahamsson’ to permanently get support for Mathematics. He revealed to the participants that through this Chair, the University would target to raise at least USD 500,000 per year to support Mathematics in the East African region.

Prof. Barnabas Nawangwe addresses participants at the Joint African-Nordic Conference in Mathematics. Yusuf Lule Central Teaching Facility, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda.
Prof. Barnabas Nawangwe addresses participants at the Joint African-Nordic Conference in Mathematics.

Prof. Bengt-Ove Turreson, the Director-International Science Program (ISP) said that ISP at Uppsala University-Sweden works to strengthen the scientific knowledge, research capacity and postgraduate education in the basic sciences that include mathematics, physics and chemistry in countries where such capacity is non-existing or weak.

As they celebrated 20 years of existence of the Eastern Africa Universities Mathematics Programme (EAUMP), Prof. Bengt-Ove Turreson recalled that in the early stages things quite difficult, but became better in 2002 when EAUMP was established. The network which started with three (3) countries namely Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania, was later extended to Rwanda and Zambia, and it has played an important role in building human capacity. In the recent years, ISP started supporting PhD programs in the region. They started with supporting four (4) research groups.

“What we are doing in terms of global research is very unique. There is no other country that does this kind of work. All the countries are proud of the work we have been doing. We started working in 1961. We provide long-term funding, coordination and mentoring to research groups and regional scientific networks at universities and research institutes in low and lower-middle income countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Our main funding comes from the Swedish Government through the Swedish Development Cooperation Agency (Sida),” said the Director.

Prof. Turreson remarked that in addition to seminars such as the ongoing mathematics conference at Makerere University, EAUMP would establish summer schools to bring on board young mathematicians from the different parts of the world to enhance the new modern mathematics.

The Inter-University Council for East Africa (IUCEA) disclosed that mathematics is proven to be indispensable to human development and economic growth since the time of the industrial revolution.

“The third revolution brought about by the advance in communication and information technology finds its origin from applied mathematics and physics to a larger extent. We are now in the fourth industrial revolution which has been brought largely by data and artificial intelligence, which too find their roots from different parts of mathematics such as probability and statistics. The initiatives that involve AI or data science are driven by mathematics. Therefore, for the region to catch up with technological advances, it should prioritize mathematics, education and research,” said Prof Rai, Deputy Executive Secretary-IUCEA who represented the Executive Secretary- Prof. Gaspard Banyankimbona.

Prof. Idris Rai as part of the panelists during the Conference. Yusuf Lule Central Teaching Facility, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda. East Africa.
Prof. Idris Rai as part of the panelists during the Conference.

Prof. Idris Rai assured participants that the interactions, engagements and networking of researchers will bring out more collaborative research activities to the region in addition to expanding knowledge in research and mathematics.

Counting the gains, Prof. Stephen Luketero, the overall coordinator of the Eastern Africa Universities Mathematics Programme (EAUMP) that was established in 2002, to alleviate the dismal state of Mathematics in Eastern Africa noted that with support and funding from Sida and NORHED, the region has been enriched with numerous developments in terms of knowledge. He stated that a substantial number of PhDs has been produced across the region in excess of 50 PhDs and countless number of masters. He also noticed that as a result, the number of females enrolling for PhDs in Mathematics was tremendously increasing.

“We have been able to have quite a big number of students in pursuit of the doctorates and post doctorates over a time. The research groups have been formed and out of such research collaborations, it is quite easy for the teams to come together and participate in writing research grants that can enhance research within the region. There was a wing that was created to cater for the advancement of knowledge and progression of female students and this has also run very well. Quite a number of graduates we are producing have been able to bridge the gap between male and female mathematicians.” Prof. Luketero said.

Speaking about Sida, ISP, NORAD support, CIMO and the achievements and future of EAUMP/NORHED, Prof. John Magero Mango the EAUMP Internetwork Coordinator said that with support under the NORDIC program, they have trained 11 PhDs in mathematics of which 5 are from Makerere University and 6 from University of Dar es Salaam. In addition, he stated that over 100 Masters have been supported with over 100 publications.

Prof. John Mango, addresses the Conference. Yusuf Lule Central Teaching Facility, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda. East Africa.
Prof. John Mango, addresses the Conference.

“The NORAD fund at Makerere University from 2021 to 2026 is supporting five (5) PhDs. We evaluated our progress and as we review the curriculum which we formed under Sida, we are also concentrating on the outreach programs for Data Computation skills via mathematics. Those are key innovations that are worth recognizing at this moment under the support of our NORDIC friends. Under CIMO, we have greatly benefitted in extending our knowledge to the local industries.” Prof. Mango said.

The Principal, College of Natural Sciences at Makerere University, Prof. Winston T. Ireeta mentioned that organizing such a conference that brings on board 15 countries was a great achievement for the College, the Mathematics Department and Makerere University at large.

He said, “This gives us credibility and great visibility as Makerere University. We also have some goals we have set up to achieve some of which are through collaborations and interacting with others. Let us work on achieving them. Collaborations and networking are very important.”

Prof. Winston Tumps Ireeta, Principal, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS). Yusuf Lule Central Teaching Facility, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda. East Africa.
Prof. Winston Tumps Ireeta, Principal, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS).

He applauded the Local Organizing Committee chaired by Dr. Godwin Kakuba and the professors who have greatly helped during examinations and PhD defenses. He also thanked the funders of the mathematics projects, ISP and Nordic governments for the support they have rendered in the promotion of mathematics.

Taking stock of the collaborations with major universities in Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, Zambia, Ethiopia, Finland, Norway and many other universities in the region, Dr.  Godwin Kakuba, the Head of the Department of Mathematics at Makerere University said hosting the conference provided a platform to celebrate the collaborations that had enabled the department to grow to such strength.

“As the head of department, I am very proud of these achievements and very optimistic about the future with profound joy.  When we look back to so many years ago, about 20 years, the number of PhDs was minimum, but now, having a PhD has become normal. The department of mathematics is therefore ready to take that direction towards transforming Makerere University into a research-led institution,” he remarked.

Dr. Godwin Kakuba, Head of the Department of Mathematics, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS). Yusuf Lule Central Teaching Facility, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda. East Africa.
Dr. Godwin Kakuba, Head of the Department of Mathematics, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS).

Dr. Kakuba added that they will always measure their strengths annually basing on the number of publications made, the number of graduate students trained, number of research workshops and conferences organized and hosted as well as the goals achieved each year.

During the four day conference, research papers and poster presentations focused on the following areas: Algebra, Graph Theory, Real and Complex Analysis, Topology and Geometry, Dynamical Systems, Experimental Pure Mathematics, Biomathematics, Data Science, Biostatistics, ODES and PDES, Financial/Insurance Mathematics, Numerical Analysis, Fluid Dynamics, Operations Research, Stochastics, Applied Probability and Mathematical Statistics, Mathematics Education, Optimization, Bioinformatics, Clifford and Hypercomplex analysis as well as Combinatorics.

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Natural Sciences

Makerere Researchers Call for Urgent Conservation of Medicinal Plants in Eastern Uganda

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The PI, Dr Patience Tugume at the research dissemination workshop in Namutumba District on 23rd July 2025. Researchers led by Dr Patience Tugume, Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) documented 174 medicinal plant species under project “Knowledge, Attitudes, and Conservation of Commonly Traded Medicinal Plants in a Climate-Changing Environment in Eastern Uganda,” funded by Government of Uganda through the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (MakRIF), research dissemination workshop, 23rd July 2025, Namutumba District, Uganda East Africa.

Researchers from the Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology, and Biotechnology at the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS), Makerere University have highlighted the urgent need to conserve medicinal plants in the face of increasing threats from climate change, over-harvesting, and habitat destruction.

Despite Namutumba District’s rich diversity of medicinal plants, conservation efforts are limited, and several species are already classified as globally and nationally threatened. This highlights the urgent need for focused conservation strategies to safeguard these vulnerable medicinal plants.

Dr Tugume addressing the workshop participants on the key research findings. Researchers led by Dr Patience Tugume, Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) documented 174 medicinal plant species under project “Knowledge, Attitudes, and Conservation of Commonly Traded Medicinal Plants in a Climate-Changing Environment in Eastern Uganda,” funded by Government of Uganda through the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (MakRIF), research dissemination workshop, 23rd July 2025, Namutumba District, Uganda East Africa.
Dr Tugume addressing the workshop participants on the key research findings.

Under a project titled “Knowledge, Attitudes, and Conservation of Commonly Traded Medicinal Plants in a Climate-Changing Environment in Eastern Uganda,” a team of researchers led by Dr Patience Tugume documented 174 medicinal plant species. The goal was to assess the existential threats facing these plants due to unsustainable harvesting practices and the lack of effective conservation measures. These species are widely used to treat various health conditions, including malaria, syphilis, diabetes, hypertension, and certain cancers. The findings of the study are intended to guide the development of species-specific, evidence-based interventions to curb possible extinction and loss of medicinal plant resources. The research revealed troubling trends in the availability of key medicinal plants, including:

  1. The herbalists mostly collected their medicinal plants from bushlands (92.0%), markets (82.3%) and wetlands (74.7%) and were rarely cultivated. This is of great concern regarding the conservation and future availability of these resources.
  2. It was noted that 36% of the herbal products were made from roots, which presents a conservation threat since the heavy utilization of roots affects the regeneration of the medicinal plants.
  3. Common plants used were: Kigelia africana (Naibere), Erythrina abyssinica (Ekiyirikiti) and Geranium sauveolens (Lokowe). Kigelia africana was the most cited species by the herbalists, indicating heavy utilization and a high conservation threat if deliberate measures are not taken to ensure its future availability.
  4. Almost all respondents (289, 96.3%) acknowledged a considerable decline in the availability of 13 medicinal plants species including Aloe wollastonii (Ekigagi), Commiphora africana (Nkulidho), Myrica kandtiana (Mukikimbo) and Acacia sieberiana (Mufundawuzi).
  5. Four plant species i.e. Tamarindus indica (Enkoge), Warburgia ugandensis (Balwegira), Mitragyna rubrastipulata (Mutamatama) and Mondia whitei (Mulondo) appear on the Red List of Globally and Nationally Threatened Species and were mentioned among the plants whose population has greatly declined.
  6. The causes of decline in availability of medicinal plants included climate change, overharvesting, agricultural expansion, habitat destruction, land use change and inadequate regulations.
  7. There were no medicinal plant conservation efforts by herbalists.
Kigelia africana was the most cited species by the herbalists, indicating heavy utilization and a high conservation threat. Researchers led by Dr Patience Tugume, Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) documented 174 medicinal plant species under project “Knowledge, Attitudes, and Conservation of Commonly Traded Medicinal Plants in a Climate-Changing Environment in Eastern Uganda,” funded by Government of Uganda through the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (MakRIF), research dissemination workshop, 23rd July 2025, Namutumba District, Uganda East Africa.
Kigelia africana was the most cited species by the herbalists, indicating heavy utilization and a high conservation threat.

Participants included leaders of the herbalist associations, traders and research assistants. Researchers led by Dr Patience Tugume, Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) documented 174 medicinal plant species under project “Knowledge, Attitudes, and Conservation of Commonly Traded Medicinal Plants in a Climate-Changing Environment in Eastern Uganda,” funded by Government of Uganda through the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (MakRIF), research dissemination workshop, 23rd July 2025, Namutumba District, Uganda East Africa.
Participants included leaders of the herbalist associations, traders and research assistants.

The study recommended the following practices to ensure conservation of the medicinal plants:

  1. Promote the use of sustainable harvesting techniques to ensure conservation of medicinal plants.
  2. Conduct capacity building for stakeholders in the medicinal plants sector on conservation, value addition and standardization.
  3. Establish community botanical gardens raw plant collection and sensitization programmes.
  4. Advocate for agroforestry among herbalists to reduce the dependence on natural habitats.
  5. Develop and enforce regulations on accessing natural areas for medicinal plants.
  6. Promote conservation awareness campaigns.
Dr Tugume appreciating the Chief Administrative Officer-Namutumba, Mr. Ofwono Emmanuel for hosting the Dissemination Workshop at the District Offices. Researchers led by Dr Patience Tugume, Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) documented 174 medicinal plant species under project “Knowledge, Attitudes, and Conservation of Commonly Traded Medicinal Plants in a Climate-Changing Environment in Eastern Uganda,” funded by Government of Uganda through the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (MakRIF), research dissemination workshop, 23rd July 2025, Namutumba District, Uganda East Africa.
Dr Tugume appreciating the Chief Administrative Officer-Namutumba, Mr. Ofwono Emmanuel for hosting the Dissemination Workshop at the District Offices.

Research Dissemination in Namutumba District

At the research dissemination workshop held in Namutumba District on 23rd July 2025, and attended by district leaders, researchers, and local herbalists, the project team led by Dr Patience Tugume expressed hope that the insights gained from the project, particularly in medicinal plants conservation approaches, will be invaluable for minimising the decline in medicinal plants.

The Resident District Commissioner-Namutumba, Mr. Fred Aggrey Bangu (Standing), the PI, Dr Patience Tugume (Right), and the LC5 Chairperson, Mr. Mutyaba Patrick (Left). Researchers led by Dr Patience Tugume, Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) documented 174 medicinal plant species under project “Knowledge, Attitudes, and Conservation of Commonly Traded Medicinal Plants in a Climate-Changing Environment in Eastern Uganda,” funded by Government of Uganda through the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (MakRIF), research dissemination workshop, 23rd July 2025, Namutumba District, Uganda East Africa.
The Resident District Commissioner-Namutumba, Mr. Fred Aggrey Bangu (Standing), the PI, Dr Patience Tugume (Right), and the LC5 Chairperson, Mr. Mutyaba Patrick (Left).

In her remarks, Dr Tugume, thanked the Government of Uganda through the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (MakRIF) for funding the project. She expressed gratitude to the research team composed of Dr Abubakar Sadik Mustafa, Dr Jamilu E. Ssenku, Dr Savina Asiimwe, and Dr Abdul Walusansa who have worked with her closely from project inception in February 2024. She further thanked the research assistants and all respondents, mainly the herbalists that participated in the study.

In a special way, she appreciated Mr. Fred Aggrey Bangu (Resident District Commissioner), Mr. Ofwono Emmanuel (Chief Administrative Officer), Mr. Kiire Noah (Communication Officer), Mr. Mugunywa Enock (District Community Development Officer), Mr. Kirya Moses (District Environmental Officer), Mr. Bamusubire William (District Forest Officer) and the leaders of herbalist associations for providing support throughout the study and sparing time to attend the dissemination workshop.

The MakRIF research Team. Left to right: Mr. Ronald Muwanika, Dr Savina Asiimwe, Dr Patience Tugume (Principal Investigator), Dr Abubakar Sadik Mustafa, and Dr Abdul Walusansa. Researchers led by Dr Patience Tugume, Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) documented 174 medicinal plant species under project “Knowledge, Attitudes, and Conservation of Commonly Traded Medicinal Plants in a Climate-Changing Environment in Eastern Uganda,” funded by Government of Uganda through the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (MakRIF), research dissemination workshop, 23rd July 2025, Namutumba District, Uganda East Africa.
The MakRIF research Team. Left to right: Mr. Ronald Muwanika, Dr Savina Asiimwe, Dr Patience Tugume (Principal Investigator), Dr Abubakar Sadik Mustafa, and Dr Abdul Walusansa.

 Addressing the participants, the Resident District Commissioner, Mr. Fred Aggrey Bangu urged all stakeholders to engage in a collaborative discussion on how the study findings can be translated into practical solutions to promote sustainable use and conservation of commonly used medicinal plants in Namutumba District amidst adverse effects of climate change.

The MakRIF project team with leaders of the Traditional Herbalist Associations. Researchers led by Dr Patience Tugume, Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) documented 174 medicinal plant species under project “Knowledge, Attitudes, and Conservation of Commonly Traded Medicinal Plants in a Climate-Changing Environment in Eastern Uganda,” funded by Government of Uganda through the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (MakRIF), research dissemination workshop, 23rd July 2025, Namutumba District, Uganda East Africa.
The MakRIF project team with leaders of the Traditional Herbalist Associations.

Mr. Ofwono Emmanuel, the Chief Administrative Officer, praised the Makerere research team for selecting Namutumba as the study area. He said the research served as an eye-opener to the district officials and community, especially regarding the pressure exerted on natural medicinal resources.

Front left to right: Mr. Ronald Muwanika (Coordinator), Mugega Amos (Sec. Health), Mutyaba Patrick (LC 5), Bangu Fred (Resident District Commissioner), Dr Patience Tugume (Principal Investigator), Ms. Kiire Noah (Communication Officer), Dr Abubakar Sadik Mustafa (Researcher). Back left to right: Mugunywa Enock (District Community Development Officer), Kirya Moses (District Environmental Officer), Bamusubire William (District Forest Officer). Dr Savina Asiimwe (Researcher), and Dr Abdul Walusansa (Researcher). Researchers led by Dr Patience Tugume, Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) documented 174 medicinal plant species under project “Knowledge, Attitudes, and Conservation of Commonly Traded Medicinal Plants in a Climate-Changing Environment in Eastern Uganda,” funded by Government of Uganda through the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (MakRIF), research dissemination workshop, 23rd July 2025, Namutumba District, Uganda East Africa.
Front left to right: Mr. Ronald Muwanika (Coordinator), Mugega Amos (Sec. Health), Mutyaba Patrick (LC 5), Bangu Fred (Resident District Commissioner), Dr Patience Tugume (Principal Investigator), Ms. Kiire Noah (Communication Officer), Dr Abubakar Sadik Mustafa (Researcher). Back left to right: Mugunywa Enock (District Community Development Officer), Kirya Moses (District Environmental Officer), Bamusubire William (District Forest Officer). Dr Savina Asiimwe (Researcher), and Dr Abdul Walusansa (Researcher).

Report compiled by Dr Patience Tugume and Dr Abubakar Sadik MustafaDepartment of Plant Sciences, Microbiology and Biotechnology, CoNAS, Makerere University

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Hasifa Kabejja

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Beyond Being a Dean of Science & Vice Chancellor Emeritus, Prof. Luboobi was a Friend. Just That!

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Professor Livingstone Sserwadda Luboobi, Vice Chancellor Emeritus, during his term of office 2004-2009. Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
A Tribute by Assoc. Prof. Arthur K. Tugume, Dean, School of Biosciences, CoNAS. Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
A Tribute by Assoc. Prof. Arthur K. Tugume, Dean, School of Biosciences, CoNAS.

Prof. Livingstone Sserwadda Luboobi, Africa’s Icon of Mathematics is gone. The continent has lost a true giant in the field of mathematics, specifically biomathematics. This dynamic and evolving discipline, which applies mathematical principles to the study of biological systems and phenomena, has been deeply shaped by Prof. Luboobi’s legacy. At Makerere University and across Africa, his influence is etched into the fabric of research, mentorship, and innovation. Prof. Luboobi’s contributions have left lasting marks, on the hundreds, perhaps thousands, of lives he touched directly and indirectly. Each of us carries a unique memory, a lesson, or an inspiration drawn from his life and work. We will dearly miss Prof. Luboobi, a brilliant mind, a generous mentor, and a true icon of African science.

To me and my peers, he was our Dean, Faculty of Science in 1995, and he read-out our names at our graduation in January 1999. Later in 2004 as Vice Chancellor, he signed off my official 4-year PhD study leave in Scandinavia. When the 4 years elapsed before I could complete, we returned to the table and successfully negotiated for extra 2 years of grace which enabled me to complete in excellence in January 2010.

May you rest in eternal peace, Professor. Your legacy continues to inspire
May you rest in eternal peace, Professor. Your legacy continues to inspire

Lately, after his retirement, we found ourselves closely intimate, sharing deeper thoughts on a number of social, development, strategic leadership and governance, and academic matters. As a plant biologist, spending time with a retired Professor of Mathematics, one could wonder what we would possibly have to talk about. And yet, our discussions were rich and thought-provoking. One moment that left a lasting impression on me was his quiet humility. Despite the respect and priority I extended to him, he never assumed entitlement. If he sensed I was busy, he would simply wait outside my office, whether at the Botany Building or my current Dean’s office at CONAS, without interrupting. That gesture spoke volumes.

We often talked about science, and I had much to learn from him. I asked how he had managed to start and sustain the Uganda Mathematical Society (UMS), since we were in the process of setting up the Biology Society of Uganda (BioSU) at the time. I also wanted to hear about his journey – from his undergraduate days to becoming a retired professor. As he shared his story, pausing to catch his breath after long sentences, I sensed he was deeply concerned about something. His concern was that, as of 2017, nearly all senior academics at Makerere University had begun their careers humbly as teaching assistants and risen through the ranks in various disciplines, but that opportunity had since been lost.

He believed that trying to establish a sustainable staffing system without a pool of junior staff, selected directly from the best-performing undergraduate students, was a risky path for the university’s future. With a troubled tone, he said: “I wonder how you people will manage university staffing in the long term when you have removed the foundation…” There were many lessons in that conversation for me.

In October 2023, I started assembling a grant application together with my European and American colleagues (5 Universities) for submission to National Science Foundation (NSF, USA), addressing a certain plant disease conundrum in East Africa. I realized Prof. Luboobi’s expertise in Biomathematics could be relevant. I co-opted him along with another colleague from the Department of Mathematics. I was fascinated at the express knowledge he displayed in modelling biological systems, and in our case, plant disease modelling. Much as his physical strength was less, the intellect was razor-sharp. Even though we didn’t succeed on that attempt, I had numerous other lessons to learn from his seniority.

We shared personal stories. I re-learnt that living simple as much as possible helps a lot. Although this was not new, hearing it from one you respect takes on a whole new meaning. If I died today, I wonder what my peers or junior colleagues would say about me? I would not hear it, though. I am happy I had chance to tell Prof. Luboobi what he meant to me when he was still alive.

I regret his death. We usually say it is untimely, but will death of a loved one ever be timely? Holy Scripture says, Seeing his days are determined, the number of his months is with You; You have appointed his bounds that he cannot pass.” – Job 14:5. This is an emphasis of God’s sovereignty over life and death, highlighting that He determines the length of a person’s life and sets unchangeable limits, just as He does in setting boundaries and limits for all His creation. Prof. Luboobi could not cross the boundary set by the creator.

I am grateful that the Principal, College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS), Makerere University and his team did their best to mobilize support at the most critical moment of need. I am grateful to God for gifting Makerere University with Prof. Luboobi, and for allowing me in particular a chance to walk a little close with him in his evening days of his life between 2023-2025.

Good bye Prof. Livingstone S. Luboobi! Go and serve God with the angels. We will also join you, in the course of time! See you later when that time comes!

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Hasifa Kabejja

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CoNAS Participates in the 2025 National Science Week Exhibition

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Participants at one of the policy dialogues at Kololo Independence Grounds on Monday, 16th June 2025. Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.

*****15 students from different departments at CoNAS are showcasing their projects.

Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds.

Launched in 2021, the National Science Week is an annual event organized by the Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) Secretariat under the Office of the President. The exhibition serves as a strategic platform for showcasing Uganda’s advancements in science, technology, and innovation, both at the national level and on the global stage.

Held under the theme “Made in Uganda: Innovation to Market”, the 2025 edition (running from 15th-20th June) aims to highlight the country’s growing capacity to transform home-grown scientific ideas and research into viable, market-ready products and technologies.

Team Leader Bill Garvin with team members Kalanguka Patience Pearl and Nuwagaba Victor showcase their project – converting invasive water hyacinth into sustainable biofuels through hydrothermal liquefaction. Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Team Leader Bill Garvin with team members Kalanguka Patience Pearl and Nuwagaba Victor showcase their project – converting invasive water hyacinth into sustainable biofuels through hydrothermal liquefaction.

Key highlights from the official launch of the National Science Week

During the official launch held on 13th May 2025, the Minister of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Hon. Dr. Monica Musenero Masanza, outlined several milestones Uganda has achieved over the past year, including:

  1. The commencement of clinical trials for locally developed therapeutics, marking a significant step in Uganda’s biopharmaceutical sector.
  2. Notable growth in the electric vehicle (EV) industry, including the deployment of over 5,000 electric motorcycles and 27 electric buses across the country.
  3. Establishment of critical green infrastructure, including 140 battery swapping stations and more than 30 direct current (DC) fast chargers nationwide.

According to the Minister, these developments demonstrate Uganda’s advancing capabilities in green technology and sustainable mobility solutions.

The Minister also highlighted additional achievements by the STI Secretariat, including the revitalization of Sukulu Phosphates, the launch of both the Deep Tech and Climate Tech summits, and the operationalization of vaccine production lines for both human and animal health. Dr. Musenero expressed gratitude to the Government of Uganda for its continued support, emphasizing its strategic vision of leveraging science, technology, and innovation as a transformative vehicle to position Uganda as a continental leader in deep tech innovation.  

Team Leader Mwebaze Bruce, with team members Atim Martha and Sebastian Jordan, showcase their Anti-fungal and Anti-bacterial Gel Research Project, an innovative solution aimed at enhancing public health in communities with limited access to conventional treatments. Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Team Leader Mwebaze Bruce, with team members Atim Martha and Sebastian Jordan, showcase their Anti-fungal and Anti-bacterial Gel Research Project, an innovative solution aimed at enhancing public health in communities with limited access to conventional treatments.

The 2025 National Science Week Activities

The National Science Week is designed to be an interactive experience for all attendees. According to Ms. Cathy Muhumuza from the STI, the exhibition will feature various activities including the official opening by the President of the Republic of Uganda, H.E. Yoweri Kaguta Tibuhaburwa Museveni, expected to take place on Thursday, 19th June 2025. Other activities will include policy dialogues, the Academia Day dedicated to young innovators, and the Investor Day providing a platform for innovators to connect with potential investors.

Additionally, the event will host a “Made in Uganda Supermarket,” allowing visitors to purchase products directly from exhibitors.  

Students showcasing their product aimed at detecting harmful aflatoxins in food. Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Students showcasing their product aimed at detecting harmful aflatoxins in food.
The team led by Ayebare Sam is developing a reliable fuel gauge detector to improve vehicle fuel management and efficiency. Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
The team led by Ayebare Sam is developing a reliable fuel gauge detector to improve vehicle fuel management and efficiency.

CoNAS Students’ projects

Among the many innovators featured at the exhibition are several talented student teams from CoNAS, presenting a diverse array of projects across scientific disciplines, including biotechnology and green energy. Guided by their lecturers and coordinated by Prof. Juma Kasozi, Deputy Principal of CoNAS, the students are showcasing the following projects:

  1. Anti-fungal and Anti-bacterial Gel Research Project
    Team Leader: Mwebaze Bruce
    Team Members: Atim Martha, Sebastian Jordan
    This project explores the development of a topical gel with both anti-fungal and anti-bacterial properties, aimed at improving public health outcomes in communities with limited access to conventional treatments.
  2. Minoxidil Production for Hair Regrowth
    Team Leader: Keinembabazi Melissa
    Team Members: Hashima Nanyiri, Nkamusiima Andrew
    Focused on producing affordable, locally made Minoxidil, this project aims to provide a cost-effective solution for treating hair loss.
  3. Infrared Biosensor for Aflatoxin Detection
    Team Leader: Rubeihayo Randolp
    Team Members: Namuleme Martha, Wabitereza Teddy
    This innovation utilizes spectrophotometry to develop an infrared biosensor capable of detecting harmful aflatoxins in food, contributing to food safety and public health.
  4. Biofuel Production from Water Hyacinth
    Team Leader: Bill Garvin
    Team Members: Kalanguka Patience Pearl, Nuwagaba Victor
    The project converts invasive water hyacinth into sustainable biofuels using hydrothermal liquefaction, offering an environmentally friendly alternative energy source.
  5. Automobile Fuel Gauge Detector
    Team Leader: Ayebare Sam
    Team Members: Achieng Rosemary, Nakirinda Winnie
    This project involves the development of a reliable fuel gauge detector to improve vehicle fuel management and efficiency.
Students of CEDAT participating in the exhibition. Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Students of CEDAT participating in the exhibition.
Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Students from the College of Health Sciences participating in the exhibition. Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Students from the College of Health Sciences participating in the exhibition.
Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Other exhibitors at Kololo. Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Other exhibitors at Kololo.
Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Over 300 Ugandan innovators, among them students from the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) and other science-based colleges at Makerere University are participating in the 2025 National Science Week exhibition, currently underway at the Kololo Independence Grounds, 15th-20th June 2025, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.

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Hasifa Kabejja

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