Education
CEPIDE Lays Ground for Innovative Doctoral Education in Ugandan HEIs
CEPIDE is an acronym for the Capability Enhancement Project for Innovative Doctoral Education at Ugandan Universities (CEPIDE). Funded by the Government of Uganda under the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (Mak-RIF), this two-phase project aims to build institutional capacity and individual capabilities of doctoral supervisors at Ugandan universities by giving rise to a shift from traditional modalities to innovative approaches of doctoral education.
On 28th January 2021, stakeholders gathered in the Central Teaching Facility 2 (CTF2) Auditorium, Makerere University, to receive findings from Phase one of the project. This phase entailed conducting a baseline study of the state of doctoral education in Uganda. Phase one will also involve writing a course module for a specialized blended capacity building training for supervisors of doctoral candidates at Ugandan universities. Phase two on the other hand will involve implementing the course module developed in phase one as well as creating a database and an online platform for e-networking, knowledge sharing and professional support among doctoral supervisors in Ugandan universities.
The East African School of Higher Education Studies and Development (EASHESD) under which CEPIDE falls has aligned its activities along four thematic areas namely; Policy and advocacy, Research and Innovations, Leadership and Management, and Training and Learning. These thematic areas position EASHESD to contribute to research in the understanding of the field of higher education, with the CEPIDE study intricately feeding into this.
EASHESD is predominantly a graduate School offering Masters and PhD programmes and as such, the CEPIDE study on improving the quality of Doctoral Education and Training in Universities in Uganda is a fulfillment of its mandate. Addressing the dissemination workshop, the EASHESD Dean Dr. Ronald Bisaso elaborated that CEPIDE study is aligned to the School’s own practice and grounded in research undertaken therein.
“As Dean, I am happy to note that the members of staff from the East African School of Higher Education Studies and Development wrote proposals and received funding to support three projects under the Makerere University Research and Innovations Fund (MakRIF). These projects include: i. Capability Enhancement project for Innovative Doctoral Education at Ugandan Universities (CEPIDE), ii. Enhancing Women to Leadership positions in Universities in Uganda (WOLEP) and iii. Pedagogical Leadership of Academic Staff in Higher Education Institutions to Enhance Graduate Work Readiness and Transition to Work (PLASHE-WIL).
“Through the aforementioned research projects, the School has ensured that key stakeholders namely female Vice Chancellors, the National Council for Higher Education (NCHE), National Planning Authority (NPA) and the Ministry of Education and Sports (MoES) participate in the research projects as well as actively engage with researchers during the dissemination of findings on higher education” remarked Dr. Bisaso.
He concluded by saying that the involvement of key stakeholders in research and dissemination has enabled EASHESD to build a network that connects research in higher education with Government agencies that focus on higher education and development as well as universities in Uganda.
Presenting an overview of the project, the Principal Investigator (PI) Dr. Irene Etomaru said the study was driven by the acute shortage of a critical mass of doctorates with requisite knowledge and skill sets to undertake translatable research and train innovative researchers in Uganda. “There are only about 26 researchers per million inhabitants in Uganda, which is well below the world average of 1,083, about 1,000 PhD holders in various disciplines are unevenly distributed across the academia, government ministries, agencies and research institutes and 80% of these are at Makerere University.”
The PI shared that through CEPIDE, it is envisaged that an Enhanced Postgraduate Environment (EPE) will be created in Ugandan universities. The EPE, she said, would lead to the nurturing of a new cadre of doctorates able to undertake translatable research, train innovative researchers as well as develop innovative models to address local societal needs and improve Uganda’s innovative capacity.
In terms of data collection, the CEPIDE team reviewed laws, plans, policies and reports, and held Focus Group Discussions (FDGs) with NCHE. Furthermore, they collected data from fourteen institutions offering doctoral education and training in Uganda and held in-depth interviews with a total of 49 participants.
Prof. Fred E. K. Bakkabulindi another member of the research team tasked with the role of mentorship then delved into the context and history of doctoral training in Uganda. Statistics for the period 1970-2020 revealed that Makerere University at 90% had the highest number of PhDs among the five doctorate awarding Public HEIs in Uganda. Mbarara University of Science and Technology (MUST) followed with 7.2%, Gulu University (GU) with 1.5%, Uganda Management Institute (UMI) with 1.1% and finally Kyambogo University (KyU) with 0.2%. The glaring difference in percentages could be attributed to the fact that whereas Makerere’s statistics stretch back to 1970, the other four HEIs only started awarding PhDs in the 2010s with GU coming closest in 2013.
The statistics shared by Prof. Bakkabulindi further proved the unfortunate fact that doctoral education and training in Uganda is biased in favour of males. Only 23.4% of the total numbers of PhD graduates in the aforementioned 50-year period were female. UMI led the percentages with 45.5%, followed by Makerere at 23.6%, MUST at 20.5%, GU at 14.2% while KyU is yet to graduate any female PhDs.
Prof. Bakkabulindi also examined the Science Technology Engineering Mathematics (STEM) versus non-STEM dichotomy with telling results. KyU proved that it is a predominantly STEM HEI by producing 100% STEM PhDs. KyU was followed by MUST at 79.5%, Makerere at 67.6%, GU at 40%, while UMI produced none.
With the contexts established, it was time for the participants to hear the team’s findings from their baseline study. Dr. Tom Balojja who also doubled as the day’s emcee in delivering a summary of the findings shared that doctoral education and training in Uganda had low throughput rates. Furthermore, doctoral education and training is biased in favour of males and STEM disciplines, and has its capacity concentrated in Makerere University.
He then went on to present the findings in detail, as espoused by the European Commission’s Seven Principles of Innovative Doctoral Training. These seven are; Research excellence, Attractive institutional environment, Interdisciplinary research options (cross-disciplinarity), Exposure to industry and other relevant employment sectors, International networking, Transferable skills training and Quality assurance.
The CEPIDE study recommended that;
- Government of Uganda should integrate doctoral education and training in national development planning within the context of the policy objective of increasing the percentage of the GDP spending on Research and Development (R&D).
- National targets should be set and resources should be committed to achieve the set targets in order to address concerns about the inadequacy of the critical mass of researchers in the country.
- Government of Uganda should introduce a sufficient and well-structured legal framework necessary to regulate doctoral education and training. The legal framework should regulate the structure of doctoral programs and curriculum issues, support systems and staffing to improve the quality of the postgraduate training environment in HEIs in Uganda.
- Government of Uganda and institutions offering doctoral education and training should work out mechanisms which will enable them to work with the industry and other research institutions in promoting research and innovations.
- Institutions should transit from offering PhD by research to the taught PhD
- The scope of doctoral education and training should be broadened to incorporate other models of the doctorate such as PhD by coursework (taught PhD), Professional doctorates, Work-based doctorates.
- The role and funding of Doctoral Schools in Universities should be underscored to create enhanced postgraduate environment (EPE)
- More research and interventions into doctoral education and training in Uganda.
Reacting to the presentation, the Director Directorate of Research and Graduate Training (DRGT), Prof. Buyinza Mukadasi requested the NPA to come up with a PhD training strategy for Uganda that clearly outlines the demand for PhDs particularly in the industry as well as resources to train them. He emphasized the need to preserve the quality of PhDs trained as the drive for more PhDs is impressed upon HEIs. In the same breath, the Deputy Director DRGT, Dr. Robert Wamala advocated for a mechanism to ensure productivity of PhDs as a third factor to consider in addition to quantity and quality.
Dr. Paul Birevu Muyinda, the Deputy Principal College of Education and External Studies (CEES) in his remarks commended Mak-RIF for changing the terrain of research and innovations at Makerere University. “CEES was one of the Colleges that wasn’t attracting much funding but with the coming of Mak-RIF, we have seen a very significant increase from only two research Projects to twenty.”
He thanked NPA for accepting to conduct both virtual and physical training for staff at Makerere University who are interested in writing impactful policy briefs.
Dr. Sabrina Kitaka who represented the Mak-RIF Grants Management Committee (GMC) Chairperson, Prof. William Bazeyo commended the CEPIDE research team for recognizing that Makerere as a leader ought to strive to bridge the gap in doctoral training and education between itself and younger institutions. She thanked the Government of Uganda for providing funding to more than 500 Research Projects all aimed at informing national development priorities.
“The Volatility, Uncertainty Complexity and Ambiguity (VUCA) phenomenon created by the COVID-19 is teaching us how to be innovative by disseminating our findings both physically and online. Any innovation that results in training of scholars is not only exciting but brings closer the possibility of an education that is boundless” said Dr. Kitaka.
Mr. Timothy Sejjoba who represented Dr. Jane Egau, Director for Higher Technical and Vocational Education and Training – HTVET, Ministry of Education and Sports (MoES) in his address congratulated Makerere University upon not only securing funding under Mak-RIF but also putting it to good use. “We believe that you are going to inspire other institutions to reach the heights that they should.”
He noted that the CEPIDE study had brought very interesting findings and conclusions to the fore and that his Ministry would be very glad to continue discussing these with HEIs. On the issue of quality assurance for PhDs Mr. Sejjoba advised that HEIs ought to be self-regulating so as to guarantee the brand of their programmes and graduates in the job market.
In his remarks, the Vice Chancellor, Prof. Barnabas Nawangwe congratulated the CEPIDE team upon delivering possibly the most important Mak-RIF seminar to-date, owing to its addressing of the University’s core strategic direction head-on. He equally thanked the Government of Uganda for providing; i. Funding for over 500 research and innovations through Mak-RIF, ii. Increasing the monthly salary of a Professor to UGX 15million, and iii. Funding infrastructure development for research. “We now have some of the best labs anywhere in the world and there is no reason why as a University we cannot drastically contribute to transformation of our society.”
He reiterated Makerere’s commitment to support other HEIs to build their capacity in doctoral training and teaching and commended the decision by the Higher Education Student Financing Board (HESFB) to start offering loans for postgraduate study at Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Uganda.
The Executive Director National Planning Authority (NPA), Dr. Joseph Muvawala in his address commended the ongoing policy work between the School of Economics, College of Business and Management Sciences (CoBAMS) and his authority, noting that this ought to be duplicated between other Schools and Government Ministries, Departments and Agencies. He shared that increasing number of graduate students seems to be sufficient condition for Uganda to take off in terms of economic development and emphasized the importance of Makerere University implementing its new 10 year strategic plan, which he described as “good”.
He advised the CEPIDE team and all researchers to improve their capacity to write policy briefs, noting that policy makers lack the time to read research papers in their entirety. “I am here to say that you have our full support as NPA and my colleague Dr. Mugendawala will draft a concept on how to connect graduates to industry.”
Concluding the day’s remarks, the Chief Guest Dr. Nora Mulira who represented the Executive Director NCHE, Prof. Mary Okwakol acknowledged that the Council as a participant in the CEPIDE study had gleaned a number of lessons to incorporate in the UNESCO instrument that feeds the state of Uganda’s Higher Education. She added that the study provided a number of options on how to advance the National PhD programme and thanked the Vice Chancellor for effectively using the funds received from Governement of Uganda.
“To the Principal Investigator, this is a pivotal study that is going to move Uganda ahead and is well aligned with strategic development framework as enshrined in NDPIII and Vision 2040, which look at research and innovation as a driver for development” commended Dr. Mulira.
She urged the research team to formulate an output plan that stipulates the specific actions that need to be undertaken by particular stakeholders within set timelines.
Article by Public Relations Office.
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Education
UNESCO CFIT III, Transforming Higher Education through Innovation and Competence-Based Skills
Makerere University hosted an insightful and educational national workshop at the College of Engineering, Design, Art and Technology (CEDAT) conference hall on July 29, 2025 aimed at citing ways how Higher Education can be improved into innovation and research-led learning as well as how education can be changed from the traditional learning to competence-based learning. The workshop was based on the theme, “Reimagining Higher Education for a Skills-Based, Innovation-Led Economy”.
The event commenced with a tour of exhibitions which featured innovations like, skin care products (With love) body jelly created by Raphaelina Okoth a student from Mbarara University of Science and Technology, designed to provide effective hydration for different skin types, and an AI powered medical diagnosis system (Integrated healthcare system) designed to reduce waiting times in health care settings, featuring emergency management capabilities and patient doctor communication tools developed by Hargreave Aturinzire a student from the College of Computing and Information Sciences (CoCIS). Other innovations included Mobile App similar to Uber that helps users find trustworthy mechanics in case a car breaks down in an emergency, reducing delays and inconveniences through features like voice support and photo uploads, developed by students based at the Makerere University Innovation Pod (Mak UniPod). Developed by Bill Canton Ojoke and Nanzala Joyce. M both students from CEDAT, a water quality testing prototype for fish farmers that automatically monitors parameters like temperature, PH, and ammonia levels sending SMS alerts when issues are detected was also showcased. Also exhibited was an automated precision irrigation system designed to solve issues of over and under irrigation problems, developed by students from College of Health Sciences (CHS) and College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity (CoVAB) among others.
Speaking at the event, the Vice Chancellor, Prof. Barnabas Nawangwe, expressed his appreciation to the citizens and Government of the People’s Republic of China who made the funds available to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) to undertake the important assignment, the China Funds In Trust (CFIT) project. He further thanked the government of Uganda for supporting innovations and technology taking place at different universities.
“I am really encouraged that they are still some Ugandans who receive other people’s money and put it to good use; they are people with integrity which helps our country to move forward,” said Prof. Nawangwe.
He made mention of the success of other countries like South Korea and China in innovation and the need for Uganda to follow suit as this will boost the economy of the country, and demonstrate the importance of promoting innovation and research.
He emphasized the importance of creating jobs for the growing youth population to stabilize the state of Uganda, a task that is upon Ugandans themselves and not anybody else from any country, “The bulk of industrialization in Uganda must be by Ugandans and particularly the young people who have had the opportunity to get higher education, especially in innovation and research related fields,” he said. “History will judge us harshly if we don’t do anything to create jobs for our people,” he argued.
The Vice Chancellor discussed the challenge of low enrollment in higher education in Uganda and the need to produce more engineers and technologists. “We need to put our efforts together in order to have a reasonable impact,” he said.
Prof. Nawangwe called for collaboration among universities to have a significant impact on industrialization and job creation. He highlighted the role of Mak UniPod in producing companies and creating jobs. “I believe that through the training our students and staff undergo at the UniPod, we are going to begin churning out companies”, said Prof. Nawangwe.
He sounded a wakeup call on the importance of using current resources to make an impact and the potential risks of relying on external aid. “This is not going to be there all the time as the funders can wake up in the morning and freeze all the funds”, said the Vice Chancellor. He said this in relation to the United States of America’s act of withdrawing their funding from UNESCO. “This should be a very good lesson,” he commented.
Deputy Chancellor in charge of Academic Affairs at Mbarara University of Science and Technology (MUST), Prof. Nixon Kamukama highlighted the success of the project, mentioning that six African countries participated, with Mbarara University and Makerere University being chosen from Uganda.
“Traditional lecture methods are being replaced with hands-on, student-centered training, the emphasis is on practical skills, with more time spent in the field rather than lecture halls”, he stated.
He further explained the training of lecturers under the CFIT project, with two cohorts completing the training and receiving certificates. This is in line with skilling and preparing for the students doing the new curriculum who are coming on board. “And it is our policy that as a lecturer, if you don’t have a certificate when it comes to 2027, it will be hard for you to appear on the timetable, because you will have no skills”, said Prof. Nixon.
However, he discussed the challenges of matching traditional lecturers with students trained in competence-based education. “It would be very difficult to match the traditional lecturer and the student who has trained differently”, he said.
He went on and said that there is a mismatch in training approaches, particularly affecting education students who struggle to find employment. Schools are finding it very difficult to employ Students who are doing education because they have not been taken through the competence-based curriculum”, he expressed.
He however encouraged the government to address employment issues by supporting competency-based education whereby a student can manage to start up a project and move on instead of looking for jobs.
Prof. Kamukama also emphasized the need for practical training. “You need farms that will engage all these students, 80% of the time should be spent in the field. We have to take lecture rooms to the industries or bring industries to the lecture rooms”, he stated.
He explained that traditional lecture methods are becoming obsolete, with a shift towards hands-on training. “Soon lecturers and professors are going to put aside their yellow notes and we move on”, he said.
He acknowledged the role of artificial intelligence in education with a focus on practical skills.
Mr. Timothy Ssejjoba, the Commissioner University Education and Training in the Ministry of Education and Sports, expressed gratitude to UNESCO for their coordination efforts and securing funds from the People’s Republic of China.
In his remarks, he highlighted the focus on competence-based assessment systems to prepare students for employment. “I think this project is really leading higher technical education into employment”, he stated.
Mr. Ssejjoba introduced the concept of green skills and their importance in creating a sustainable world. “We need to ensure that whatever we do, we do it in a way that would enable the world to be here long after us”, he commented.
He further mentioned the upcoming training on green skills to ensure that the education system empowers learners to sustainably develop the world. In this he emphasized the need for the education system to support and embrace green skills development.
Mrs. Nasaba Rosemary a representative from UNESCO, congratulated Makerere University and MUST upon their competence based education initiatives. And on this note, she emphasized the importance of celebrating success and innovation in education.
She further mentioned the pride felt by UNESCO due to the universities’ achievements and hoped that the successful model will be replicated across all universities and schools in Uganda.
The UNESCO representative discussed the importance of hands on learning and practical experience in education. “We need people who have learned from experience, that’s why we are very proud that you are looking at competence and hands on approaches”, she stated.
Education
Mak CEES Principal commends Prof. İbrahim Hakan Karataş for undertaking research in higher education
On Thursday 24th July 2025, the Principal of the College of Education and External Studies, Prof. Anthony Muwagga Mugagga, commended Prof. İbrahim Hakan Karataş, an international Postdoctoral Research Fellow from Turkey, for his contribution to research and graduate training at Makerere University in particular, and Uganda at large.
Prof. Karataş has undertaken research on Uganda’s Higher Education considering its broader political, economic and academic context, in order to contribute to a comparative study aligned with Turkey-Africa vision and internationalization policies in higher education.
Prof. Karataş is a scholar and researcher. He holds a Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts in Turkish language and literature. He earned his PhD in Educational Leadership in 2008. He is an academic, who has served in the capacity of Assistant Professor as well as Head of Educational Administration Department at the Medeniyet University in Istanbul, Turkey.
Prof. Karataş has worked with academic staff at School of Education including Dr. Charles Kyasanku and Dr. Alfred Buluma to write papers focusing on Uganda’s higher education sector. He has also engaged and involved graduate students in research and publication undertakings.
Posted at the School of Education effective 15th August 2024, Prof. Karataş completed his research fellowship at Makerere University on 24th July 2025.
Bidding him farewell, Prof. Mugagga appreciated Prof. Karataş for choosing to work with staff in the College of Education and External Studies, and for his deliberate focus on research in higher education. Prof. Mugagga re-affirmed that Prof. Karataş’ research and findings will inform and enrich the higher education sector.
To ensure that Prof. Karataş continues to remember the institution, the College Principal presented to him, a Makerere University Necktie. Prof. Mugagga noted that the souvenir would enable Prof. Karataş always rekindle the great memories about Makerere University and the College of Education and External Studies.
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