Connect with us

General

Policy Brief: The Impacts of Kilembe Mine and Tailing Sites on Soil and Water Quality, Foods, Forage and Humans

Published

on

Whereas River Nyamwamba in Western Uganda is well known for the destruction of property and loss of life whenever it overflows, the environmental effects are less known and could be more lethal

The mining and processing of copper in Kilembe, Western Uganda, from 1956 to 1982 left over 15Metric Tonnes of tailings containing cupriferous and cobaltiferous pyrite dumped within a mountain river valley. In addition, underground Kilembe mine water is pumped to the land surface or allowed to flow by gravity into surrounding agricultural soils and water bodies. The study was conducted in Kilembe mine, Kasese district to assess the impact of Kilembe mine and the wastes (tailings) on soil quality, water quality, foods frown, forage and local people exposure. The samples collected included soil, water, foods, forage,  sediments and toe nails from local volunteers.

Sample analysis was conducted from the school of biosciences, Nottingham University, UK. The study found high levels of metal concentration especially copper, cobalt, nickel, zinc, arsenic and lead in agricultural soils, public water sources, house dusts and sediments in water. Aluminium and Iron metals were more abundant in public water sources. The metals were not only originating from mine tailings but also underground Kilembe mine water. The leachate water at Kilembe mine also contain large amounts of metals especially copper, iron and aluminium.

The foods and forage grown contained significantly higher concentrations of copper, cobalt, zinc, possibly taken up during growth and accumulated in the foods which could lead to consumption of the same elements by local people. Indeed, tests on human toe nails from Kilembe area volunteers confirmed that local people were more exposed to the mine metals especially copper, cobalt and nickel. Children were more exposed than adults.

It is on this note that the following policy recommendations are made;

1.    There is need for enforcement of proper waste storage and disposal protocols
2.    Local people living in contaminated environments should be sensitized on the dangers so that they make informed decisions
3.    There is need for construction of a containment all around Kilembe tailing sites and land filling with soil so as to prevent erosion of tailings into agricultural soils and water
4.    There is urgent need to treat Kilembe mine underground water before it is discharged into River Nyamwamba
5.    There is need to implement remediation activities for soils along River Nyamwamba and below tailings

Summary of findings

Water quality
Over 25 % of domestic water samples collected and 40% of River Nyamwamba waters along the mine area and downstream exhibited Cobalt concentrations exceeding the Wisconsin (USA) drinking water thresholds of 40 μgL-1. Almost all water samples upstream of River Nyamwamba exceeded UK recommended Iron and Aluminium concentrations in drinking water. Most domestic water samples (67%) exceeded recommended drinking water thresholds for Aluminium, Iron and Cobalt.

Forage
Elevated concentrations of Iron, Cobalt, Copper, Zinc and Lead were found in forage grasses collected along the mine area and downstream. The high levels of metal in forage could affect the health of animals and will also be reflected in the milk and beef produced in Kilembe area exposing consumers to metals.

Human exposure
Trace elements concentrations (mg kg-1 dw) were found in toe nails of 15 adults and 12 children from the Kilembe copper mining district in Western Uganda. Control samples were from 5 children aged 9-14 years and 5 adults aged 20-60years. The toe nails clearly confirmed exposure of the local people with children being more exposed and affected than adults.

Please see Downloads for full policy brief.

A Documentary on the same can also be accessed at the YouTube link: https://youtu.be/gp1Bpk4LPmU

 

Article by Abraham R. Mwesigye (PhD), School of Forestry, Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Makerere University, Email: mwesigye[at]caes.mak.ac.ug

 

 

Mark Wamai

Continue Reading

General

MakCHS Holds QA Training in Assessments, Pedagogy and Competence Based Curriculum

Published

on

Seated L-R: Dr Kalidi Rajab, Dr. Besigye Innocent, Dr. Dorothy Kyagaba & Dr. Ssenkusu Peter with the participants on 19th June 2026. Makerere University College of Health Sciences (MakCHS) Quality Assurance (QA) Training in Assessments, Pedagogy and Competence Based Curriculum Held 18–19 June 2026 at Esella Hotel, Waksio, Uganda, East Africa.

College of Health Sciences Quality Assurance (QA) Training in Assessments, Pedagogy and Competence Based Curriculum Held 18–19 June 2026 at Esella Hotel.

 Pedagogy, Assessment and Supervision Training Workshop

The College of Health Sciences has embarked on the journey to improve the teaching, assessment and preparation for the adoption of the competence-based curriculum.

The training was held on 18-19 June 2026, at Esella Hotel, Kira, the training targeted the teaching assistants, lecturers’ senior lecturers’ key administrators and some PhD fellows, generally the early career academic staff that are yet growing in the ranks.

Seated L-R: Dr. Peter Ssenkusu, Prof Grace Ndeezi, Prof Idro Richard and Dr. Irene Rebecca Namatende with the participants at Esella Country Hotel. Makerere University College of Health Sciences (MakCHS) Quality Assurance (QA) Training in Assessments, Pedagogy and Competence Based Curriculum Held 18–19 June 2026 at Esella Hotel, Waksio, Uganda, East Africa.
Seated L-R: Dr. Peter Ssenkusu, Prof Grace Ndeezi, Prof Idro Richard and Dr. Irene Rebecca Namatende with the participants at Esella Country Hotel.

Objectives

  • Equip participants with modern pedagogical approaches for effective teaching and learning.
  • Review and harmonize assessment strategies to ensure quality and fairness in academic evaluation.
  • Enhance supervisory competencies for guiding graduate students in research and academic progress.
  • Foster collaboration and shared experiences among facilitators, supervisors, and administrators.
Dr. Peter Ssenkusu facilitating at the Pedagoggy and Assessment workshop on 18 June 2026. Makerere University College of Health Sciences (MakCHS) Quality Assurance (QA) Training in Assessments, Pedagogy and Competence Based Curriculum Held 18–19 June 2026 at Esella Hotel, Waksio, Uganda, East Africa.
Dr. Peter Ssenkusu facilitating at the Pedagoggy and Assessment workshop on 18 June 2026.

The key focus areas for the training

  • Guidelines in Assessment & Course Outlines- Dr. Cyprian Misinde -Chief Quality Assurance Officer.
  • Competence Based Education and Assessment- Dr. Mike Kagawa
  • Advancing continuous improvement in teaching, learning through teaching styles -Dr. Ssebowa Dorothy.
  • Teaching methods Knowledge production and acquisition- Dr. Peter Ssenkusu
  • Graduate Supervision Challenges and Opportunities- Prof. Grace Ndeezi.
  • Competence Based Curriculum in line with the NCHE- Dr. Innocent Besigye.
  • Feedback mechanisms in training- Dr. Irene Rebecca Namatende.
Dr. Mike Kagawa, facilitating at the Workshop on 18 June at Esella Country Resort Hotel. Makerere University College of Health Sciences (MakCHS) Quality Assurance (QA) Training in Assessments, Pedagogy and Competence Based Curriculum Held 18–19 June 2026 at Esella Hotel, Waksio, Uganda, East Africa.
Dr. Mike Kagawa, facilitating at the Workshop on 18 June at Esella Country Resort Hotel.

Key Outcomes for this training

  • The participants gained the understanding of learner-centered teaching approaches and pedagogical principles.
  • Acquired new skills supervisory skills, particularly in guiding research and addressing student challenges.
  • Consensus on adopting standardized assessment tools across graduate programmes.
  • Practical exposure to teaching models and interactive learning methods.
  • Development of action plans for continuous professional development in pedagogy and supervision.
  • The participants also acquired more skills in line with the competence-based curriculum as required by the National Council for Higher Education.
Dr. Innocent Besigye presenting the processes for curriculum review on 19 June 2026. Makerere University College of Health Sciences (MakCHS) Quality Assurance (QA) Training in Assessments, Pedagogy and Competence Based Curriculum Held 18–19 June 2026 at Esella Hotel, Waksio, Uganda, East Africa.
Dr. Innocent Besigye presenting the processes for curriculum review on 19 June 2026.

During the Discussion Key important Questions emerged as follows:

  1. Who supervises the supervisor?
  2. What is the difference between notion hours and contact hours?
  3. The 60/40 way of assessments—can it be independent for every course unit taught or allocated differently?
  4. How do we manage difficult supervisors?
  5. How do we Coerce PhD students to be fully involved in departmental activities without them feeling Coerced?
  6. How much time do we need to prepare for the review of the programmes in line with the competence-based curriculum as required by the National Council for Higher Education (NCHE) and the World Health Organization (WHO)?

We truly thank the facilitators and the participants who made this training very informative and enlightened.  We also appreciate the Principal/Deputy CHS, the Chief QA Officer, Makerere University and the University Management for the enormous support and for making this activity possible.

Dr. Irene Rebecca Namatende
Quality Assurance 0ffice
College of Health Sciences,
Makerere University

Mak Editor

Continue Reading

General

DVCAA Commends RENU Industrial Training Programme, Calls for its Expansion

Published

on

Prof. Sarah Ssali (2nd Row Centre) with RENU Leadership and Trainees after the visit on 15th July 2026. The Deputy Vice Chancellor in charge of Academic Affairs (DVCAA) Prof. Sarah Ssali's guided tour of Research and Education Network for Uganda (RENU)’s Industrial Trainee Program on 15th July 2026, RENU Labs, Edge Road, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.

The Deputy Vice Chancellor in charge of Academic Affairs (DVCAA) Prof. Sarah Ssali on 15th July 2026 commended the Research and Education Network for Uganda (RENU)’s Industrial Trainee Program, describing it as the perfect hands-on intervention for the future workforce. She made the comments while on a guided tour of RENU’s on-campus Lab facility where ten undergraduate students from Makerere and other Universities are undergoing a two-month practical training.

Origin of tour

The tour was prompted by a 24th June 2026 meeting with a RENU delegation led by CEO, Mr. Nicholas Mbonimpa, aimed at broadening the existing partnership with Makerere University beyond internet service provision to supporting teaching, learning and research activities. During the said meeting, Prof. Ssali expressed Makerere‘s desire to produce graduates that are not only academically grounded but also cognizant of the needs of the job market.

Seated L-R: Prof. Dorothy Okello, Prof. Sarah Ssali, Mr. Nicholas Mbonimpa and Mr. Samuel Mugabi during the 24th June 2026 meeting. The Deputy Vice Chancellor in charge of Academic Affairs (DVCAA) Prof. Sarah Ssali's meeting with Research and Education Network for Uganda (RENU)’s Leadership on 24th June 2026, Main Building, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Seated L-R: Prof. Dorothy Okello, Prof. Sarah Ssali, Mr. Nicholas Mbonimpa and Mr. Samuel Mugabi during the 24th June 2026 meeting.

In his response then, Mr. Mbonimpa expressed RENU’s readiness to continue advancing digital transformation through advancing resilient connectivity, research infrastructure, and innovative initiatives that enhance teaching, learning, and research. He shared that the Senate Building’s computer network had been revamped in line with advancing resilient connectivity, and the initiative would be expanded to the College of Engineering, Design, Art and Technology (CEDAT) buildings and other premises subsequently.

The RENU CEO further highlighted that resilient connectivity forms a good basis for the proposed Open Radio Access Network (RAN) Architecture deployment set to be done within six months, so as to boost training of students in 5G and other technologies. Other initiatives discussed included training staff and students on acquisition of Open Researcher and Contributor ID (ORCID) to improve visibility of their publications and research output. 

Training Program Lauded

Addressing student interns during the 15th July guided tour, the DVCAA who was accompanied by the 92nd Guild Speaker Rt. Hon. Trevis Mutatiina Muhwezi urged beneficiaries to harness all the technical and social opportunities accorded by the Program. “Not all students in your respective academic programmes had the benefit of being exposed to this kind of training so please make the most of it and utilize skills gained here beyond the classroom setting”.

Mr. Nicholas Mbonimpa (C) with Prof. Sarah Ssali (L) and Rt. Hon. Trevis Mutatiina Muhwezi (R). The Deputy Vice Chancellor in charge of Academic Affairs (DVCAA) Prof. Sarah Ssali's guided tour of Research and Education Network for Uganda (RENU)’s Industrial Trainee Program on 15th July 2026, RENU Labs, Edge Road, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Mr. Nicholas Mbonimpa (C) with Prof. Sarah Ssali (L) and Rt. Hon. Trevis Mutatiina Muhwezi (R).

The 2026 Industrial Trainee Program is equipping students with skills on how to diagnose and repair ICT equipment based on old and disused stock.

Prof Ssali was also toured the makerspace where solar-powered routers are manufactured and deployed to extend internet connectivity to both rural and urban locations. In 2023, RENU partnered with Mesh++, a Chicago-based connectivity solutions manufacturer, to manufacture solar-powered internet routers in Uganda. Since inception, over 200 units have been manufactured and deployed across various sites in Uganda, while over 80 units have been shipped to various African countries such as Malawi, Rwanda and South Sudan under the RENUMESH Technologies joint venture.

Prof. Sara Ssali inspects the RENUMESH Technologies router. The Deputy Vice Chancellor in charge of Academic Affairs (DVCAA) Prof. Sarah Ssali's guided tour of Research and Education Network for Uganda (RENU)’s Industrial Trainee Program on 15th July 2026, RENU Labs, Edge Road, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Prof. Sara Ssali inspects the RENUMESH Technologies router.

Partnerships Inspiring New Prototypes

The RENU CEO nevertheless pointed to a long turnaround time for shipping parts from the U.S. as one of the drawbacks hindering the product’s rapid deployment. As a result, RENU, in response to the Ugandan Government’s call for import substitution and local capacity development is developing a solar-powered internet router with some of the components sourced from Ugandan companies Innovex and Chloride Excide.

“Innovex will supply the Internet of Things (IoT) component to help RENU remotely monitor and control the router while Chloride Excide will provide the batteries” Mr. Mbonimpa explained. He added that some of the current lot of trainees were already running simulations on the prototype and proposing how the device can be further refined so as to increase its portability and reduce its price.

Prof. Sarah Ssali with RENU Leadership and Trainees in the makerspace. The Deputy Vice Chancellor in charge of Academic Affairs (DVCAA) Prof. Sarah Ssali's guided tour of Research and Education Network for Uganda (RENU)’s Industrial Trainee Program on 15th July 2026, RENU Labs, Edge Road, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Prof. Sarah Ssali with RENU Leadership and Trainees in the makerspace.

A call for Expansion

At the conclusion of the tour, Prof. Ssali who commended the use of modular Ugandan components for the prototype thanked the RENU team to exposing students to real-world technological deployments. She nevertheless urged the CEO and his team to expand the program’s intake beyond ten trainees and duration beyond the current two months so as to give students a richer experience.

The CEO RENUMESH Technologies Mr. Brian Masiga thanked the DVCAA for following up their 24th June meeting with the visit, which demonstrates that the University Management values students’ development of practical skills. He equally thanked Prof. Ssali for Management’s support to RENU activities and pledged to further refine the prototype to produce a cheaper and more portable proudly Ugandan product.  

Mr. Brian Masiga (R) walks Prof. Ssali (L) through the layout of the prototype. The Deputy Vice Chancellor in charge of Academic Affairs (DVCAA) Prof. Sarah Ssali's guided tour of Research and Education Network for Uganda (RENU)’s Industrial Trainee Program on 15th July 2026, RENU Labs, Edge Road, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Mr. Brian Masiga (R) walks Prof. Ssali (L) through the layout of the prototype.

Mark Wamai

Continue Reading

General

Makerere University Launches First Writing Summer School to Strengthen Professional Writing Skills.

Published

on

First Deputy Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs, Prof Sarah Ssali on her Right, Prof. Fredrick Muyodi, and Assoc Prof. William Tayeebwa at the launch of the Summer School

KAMPALA, UGANDA, EAST AFRICA| July 6, 2026.

First Deputy Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs, Prof Sarah Ssali on her Right, Prof. Fredrick Muyodi, and Assoc Prof. William Tayeebwa at the launch of the Summer School
First Deputy Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs, Prof Sarah Ssali on her Right, Prof. Fredrick Muyodi, and Prof. William Tayeebwa at the launch of the Summer School.

Makerere University has officially launched its inaugural writing summer school, a week long professional development program aimed at equipping students, graduates, researchers and staff with practical writing skills required for academic excellence and success in today’s competitive job market. The program jointly organized by the Makerere University Writing Centre and Makerere University Press (MakPress), reflects the University’s commitment to nurturing graduates with not only academic knowledge but also the communication skills needed to thrive professionally.

Held virtually, the launch attracted more than 280 participants from Makerere University and other higher education institutions, demonstrating the growing demand for structured writing support beyond the classroom.

Building the Next Generation of Writers.

Speaking at the launch, the Director of Makerere Writing Press, Prof. William Tayeebwa, said the summer school represents an important investment in developing writers before their work reaches publication.

“The press has traditionally focused on publishing books, journals and scholarly work. Today, we are expanding that mission by helping and develop the writers who will produce tomorrow’s publication.

He noted that MakPress continues to support the publication of books and scholarly works produced by members of the Makerere Community. Using recently published books authored by a member of staff and a student as examples, he encouraged participants to submit manuscripts for publishing support rather than relying solely on self publication.

Writing as a Foundation for Academic and Professional Success.

Chairperson of the Makerere University Writing Centre, Prof. Frederick Muyodi, said the center was established to strengthen the writing competences among students, researchers and university staff.

” The Writers Center is here to support every stage of the writing process from CVs and application letters to research manuscripts, grant proposals, reports and responsible use of Artificial Intelligence in writing.”

He explained that the Centre supports writing across multiple disciplines and professional contexts, adding that its long term vision is to extend writing support beyond Makerere University to institutions across Uganda and the East African region.

Equipping Graduates for the Labour Market.

Officially launching the summer school, the First Deputy Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs, Prof. Sarah Ssali, described the initiative as a strategic investment in preparing graduates for an increasingly competitive labour market.

She observed that while universities successfully impart disciplinary knowledge, many graduates leave campus without the practical writing skills required to secure employment and other professional opportunities.

“We teach content very, but many students are never taught how to write an effective CV, application letter, motivation statement or scholarly essay. Yet these are the documents that often determine whether someone secures an opportunity.”

Prof. Ssali said the writing summer school would bridge the gap between classroom learning and professional practice by equipping participants with market ready communication skills.

Reaffirming her office’s commitment to the initiative, she added:

“My office is pleased to support this initiative as we institutionalize the Writing Summer School to ensure that Makerere graduates leave not only with degrees but also with practical competencies needed to thrive professionally,”

She officially declared the inaugural Writing Summer School open and expressed optimism that future editions would attract even more participants and resources.

Participants Gain Practical CV Writing Skills.

The first technical session was facilitated by Mr. Abdul Noor Luttamaguzi, a PhD student in the Department of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences within the School of Bio sciences at Makerere University, a Senior Fisheries Officer with Luweero District Local Government, and the founder and director of the ANL Foundation, an organization that supports youth employment and capacity building.

During the session, he guided participants on developing competitive CVs tailored to specific professionals and employer expectations. He emphasized that applicants should customize their CVs to suit each opportunity instead of submitting the same document for every application. Participants also learned how effectively present their education, work experience, leadership roles technical competencies and professional achievements, while avoiding unnecessary personal information. Practical demonstrations using professional specific CVs provided participants with hands on examples of preparing competitive job application documents.

Looking Ahead.

The Writing Summer School continues throughout the week sessions on application letter writing, responsible use of artificial intelligence, professional communication and other essential writing skills aimed at improving academic productivity and employablity.

Through initiatives such as the Writing Summer School, Makerere University continues to strengthen its commitment to producing graduates who are not academically accomplished but also equipped with practical communication skills that enable them to compete and lead in today’s global workplace.

Allan Ainematsiko

I'm Allan Ainematsiko, a fourth year student pursuing Bachelors of Journalism and Communication at Makerere University.

Continue Reading

Trending