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Policy Brief: The Impacts of Kilembe Mine and Tailing Sites on Soil and Water Quality, Foods, Forage and Humans

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Whereas River Nyamwamba in Western Uganda is well known for the destruction of property and loss of life whenever it overflows, the environmental effects are less known and could be more lethal

The mining and processing of copper in Kilembe, Western Uganda, from 1956 to 1982 left over 15Metric Tonnes of tailings containing cupriferous and cobaltiferous pyrite dumped within a mountain river valley. In addition, underground Kilembe mine water is pumped to the land surface or allowed to flow by gravity into surrounding agricultural soils and water bodies. The study was conducted in Kilembe mine, Kasese district to assess the impact of Kilembe mine and the wastes (tailings) on soil quality, water quality, foods frown, forage and local people exposure. The samples collected included soil, water, foods, forage,  sediments and toe nails from local volunteers.

Sample analysis was conducted from the school of biosciences, Nottingham University, UK. The study found high levels of metal concentration especially copper, cobalt, nickel, zinc, arsenic and lead in agricultural soils, public water sources, house dusts and sediments in water. Aluminium and Iron metals were more abundant in public water sources. The metals were not only originating from mine tailings but also underground Kilembe mine water. The leachate water at Kilembe mine also contain large amounts of metals especially copper, iron and aluminium.

The foods and forage grown contained significantly higher concentrations of copper, cobalt, zinc, possibly taken up during growth and accumulated in the foods which could lead to consumption of the same elements by local people. Indeed, tests on human toe nails from Kilembe area volunteers confirmed that local people were more exposed to the mine metals especially copper, cobalt and nickel. Children were more exposed than adults.

It is on this note that the following policy recommendations are made;

1.    There is need for enforcement of proper waste storage and disposal protocols
2.    Local people living in contaminated environments should be sensitized on the dangers so that they make informed decisions
3.    There is need for construction of a containment all around Kilembe tailing sites and land filling with soil so as to prevent erosion of tailings into agricultural soils and water
4.    There is urgent need to treat Kilembe mine underground water before it is discharged into River Nyamwamba
5.    There is need to implement remediation activities for soils along River Nyamwamba and below tailings

Summary of findings

Water quality
Over 25 % of domestic water samples collected and 40% of River Nyamwamba waters along the mine area and downstream exhibited Cobalt concentrations exceeding the Wisconsin (USA) drinking water thresholds of 40 μgL-1. Almost all water samples upstream of River Nyamwamba exceeded UK recommended Iron and Aluminium concentrations in drinking water. Most domestic water samples (67%) exceeded recommended drinking water thresholds for Aluminium, Iron and Cobalt.

Forage
Elevated concentrations of Iron, Cobalt, Copper, Zinc and Lead were found in forage grasses collected along the mine area and downstream. The high levels of metal in forage could affect the health of animals and will also be reflected in the milk and beef produced in Kilembe area exposing consumers to metals.

Human exposure
Trace elements concentrations (mg kg-1 dw) were found in toe nails of 15 adults and 12 children from the Kilembe copper mining district in Western Uganda. Control samples were from 5 children aged 9-14 years and 5 adults aged 20-60years. The toe nails clearly confirmed exposure of the local people with children being more exposed and affected than adults.

Please see Downloads for full policy brief.

A Documentary on the same can also be accessed at the YouTube link: https://youtu.be/gp1Bpk4LPmU

 

Article by Abraham R. Mwesigye (PhD), School of Forestry, Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Makerere University, Email: mwesigye[at]caes.mak.ac.ug

 

 

Mark Wamai

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Makerere Staff Urged to Serve Students with Integrity, Compassion and Godly Wisdom

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From right are the Deputy Vice Chancellor (Academic Affairs), Prof. Sarah Ssali; Dr. James Magara; the Chairperson of the Makerere University Council, Dr. Lorna Magara; the Dean of Students, Dr. Winifred Kabumbuli; the St. Francis Chaplain, Dr. Lydia Kitayimbwa; Mr. Samuel Kizito; the Academic Registrar, Prof. Mukadasi Buyinza; and the Deputy Principal of the College of Humanities and Social Sciences (CHUSS), Prof. Awich Eric Ochen.

Makerere University staff have been urged to embrace servant leadership, integrity and compassion as they prepare to welcome students for the 2026/2027 Academic Year.

The call was made during the Makerere University Staff Prayer Breakfast held on 31st July 2026 at St. Francis Students Centre Upper Hall under the theme “Faithful Stewards: A Servant Heart with Integrity and Wisdom,” drawn from Colossians 3:23–24 and Mark 10:35–45.

The prayer breakfast brought together members of Council, University Management, academic and administrative staff to dedicate the new academic year to God while reflecting on their responsibility of serving students with excellence, humility and integrity.

A Call to Seek God’s Wisdom

Host Rev. Dr. Lydia Nsaale Kitayimbwa reminded staff that no amount of professional experience or academic expertise can replace God’s guidance.

She noted that the University’s mission can only be fulfilled when staff continually seek God’s wisdom in serving students and one another.

Rev. Dr. Lydia Nsaale Kitayimbwa makes her remarks.

“There is no amount of experience or expertise that can replace God’s wisdom.”

Rev. Dr. Kitayimbwa observed that students remain the reason universities exist and challenged staff to approach their work as a calling rather than merely employment.

Without students, there is no university,” she said, encouraging members of staff to remain united, avoid unhealthy competition and trust God as they begin another academic year.

She further urged staff to become faithful stewards who work together in harmony which she started as, “United we stand; divided we fall.”

A Community, Not Just a Centre of Research.

Speaking on behalf of students, Dean of Students Dr. Winnie Kabumbuli welcomed the Council Chairperson and the Deputy Vice Chancellor to the breakfast, and reminded staff that a university’s value cannot be measured by research and innovation alone.

Dr. Winnie Kabumbuli makes her remarks.

She described Makerere as a community held together by the wellbeing of its people, spiritual as much as academic, and called on staff to renew their commitment to one another as much as to the institution they serve.

A Season to Draw Inspiration From.

Representing the Vice Chancellor, Prof. Barnabas Nawangwe, who sent his greetings but could not attend in person, Deputy Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs Prof. Sarah Ssali told staff that this year’s breakfast carried special significance.

Deputy vice chancellor in charge of academic affairs, Prof. Sarah Ssali represented the Vice Chancellor at the Prayer Breakfast.

“This is the first prayer breakfast we are having ever since we launched our strategic plan,” she said, referring to the University’s new Strategic Plan, launched on 2nd July 2026.

She encouraged staff to hold on to the morning’s reflections as a guide for implementing the plan over the next five years, describing Makerere as an institution many families choose above all others for the vision and training it offers their children. She urged staff to see themselves as stewards of that trust rather than simply employees carrying out a job.

Compassion and Discipline Must Go Together.

Delivering her remarks, Makerere University Council Chairperson Dr. Lorna Magara challenged staff to strike a balance between compassion and discipline when dealing with students.

She observed that many students face different personal and academic challenges, making encouragement and timely support essential throughout their university journey.

Dr. Lorna Magara delivering her message.

“A word of encouragement can restore hope and prevent costly mistakes,” she noted.

Dr. Lorna encouraged lecturers and administrators to respond promptly to students’ concerns, explaining that delays, insensitive decisions and abuse of authority can discourage students and negatively affect their academic experience.

She reminded staff that students often remember how they were treated long after they have forgotten what was taught in class.

“Students may eventually forget what we teach them, but they will always remember how we treated them.”

She added that education goes beyond transferring knowledge.

“Education is more than knowledge. We communicate life, character and values.”

Quoting Mark 10, Dr. Lorna called upon staff to embrace servant leadership by exercising authority with humility, integrity and accountability.

Full house at the prayer breakfast in the St. Francis Students Centre Upper Hall.

She encouraged members of staff to ask themselves whether they would treat every student the same way they would treat their own child.

“We may not always have all the answers,” she said, “but we can communicate honestly, take responsibility and treat every student with dignity.

She concluded by urging different colleges and administrative units to work together instead of operating in isolation, noting that unity strengthens the University community.

Referring to Galatians 6:2, she reminded staff to carry one another’s burdens and remain faithful stewards of the responsibility entrusted to them.

Servant Leadership Begins with Faithfulness.

Delivering the keynote address, Dr. James Magara, husband to the Chairperson of the University Council, Dr. Lorna Magara, called on members of staff to embrace servant leadership grounded in humility, faithfulness and service to others.

Guest Speaker, Dr. James Magara delivered the day’s theme.

Drawing from Mark 10:35–45, Dr. Magara reflected on the account in which James and John asked Jesus for positions of honour in His kingdom, prompting discontent among the other disciples. He observed that despite walking closely with Christ, the disciples continued to struggle with the desire for status and recognition. He noted that such competition remained evident even during the Last Supper, where concerns over positions and prominence persisted.

Dr. Magara said that Jesus responded to these human tendencies by redefining leadership through service rather than authority. He described Christ’s act of washing the disciples’ feet as the ultimate demonstration of servant leadership, explaining that genuine leaders are willing to undertake even the humblest responsibilities in service of others.

A projected presentation displays the scripture passages and reflections used during the discipleship session

Referencing Philippians 2, he urged staff to emulate Christ’s humility and selflessness, contrasting it with the pride and self-exaltation illustrated in Isaiah 14. He emphasised that lasting influence and greatness are not measured by titles, positions or recognition, but by one’s willingness to serve faithfully and put the needs of others before personal ambition.

Drawing on his own leadership journey spanning several decades, Dr. Magara challenged leaders across the University to cultivate humility, integrity and a servant heart in the execution of their responsibilities. He cautioned that leadership driven by pride and personal ambition undermines both individual effectiveness and institutional progress, whereas servant leadership strengthens organisations and fosters lasting impact.

Staff members during the prayer session at the Prayer Breakfast.

The prayer breakfast concluded with a call for unity and collective commitment as Makerere University prepares to begin a new academic year. Organisers noted that the reflections on stewardship, integrity and servant leadership would provide a strong foundation for the University community as it advances the implementation of the Makerere University Strategic Plan 2025–2030.

Allan Ainematsiko

My name is Ainematsiko Allan. I am a student of Makerere University and currently in my final year. I am pursuing a Bachelors in Journalism and Communication.

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Undergraduate Admission Lists 2026/2027

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Students in discussion groups at Freedom Square.

The Office of Academic Registrar, Makerere University has released admission lists of candidates admitted under the Talented Sports Men & Women, Disability and District Quota Schemes with Government sponsorship 2026/27 Academic Year including appeals and remarked cases.

Other admission lists released include A-Level Applicants with Ugandan and those with Foreign Qualifications, Diploma in Performing Arts, Mature-Age Entry and Bachelor of Education (EXTERNAL Batch 2) for the Academic Year 2026/2027 under self sponsorship.

The cut-off points points can be accessed by following the link: https://mak.ac.ug/study-mak/cut-points

Kindly follow the links below to access the lists:-

Update 27th July 2026

Government and Private Sponsorship list

Update 3rd July 2026

International & East African Applicants

Mop-up Lists

Mak Editor

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Call for Erasmus+ Mobility Exchanges between Makerere University and University of Perugia

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Call for Erasmus+ Mobility Exchanges between Makerere University and University of Perugia. Deadline: 7th August 2026. Photo Montage: Gemini

University of Perugia has received funding from the European Commission to support six exchange mobility for students (for Traineeship purposes).

The present Call establishes the rules and criteria for participating in Erasmus+ Mobility Exchange.

Destination and Duration of the Exchange Mobility

Students interested in the Erasmus+ Programme can spend a Mobility Exchange during the Academic Year 2025/2026 or 2026/2027 at the University of Perugia (Italy) https://www.unipg.it/en/

Who can apply

In order to take part in a mobility exchange period at University of Perugia (Italy), interested students need to submit a formal application to the International Relations Office, Makerere University via email: international@mak.ac.ug

The subject areas involved in the exchange mobility are the following:

  • 0811 Crop and livestock production
  • 0841 Veterinary
  • 0888 Inter-disciplinary programmes and qualifications involving agriculture, forestry, fisheries and veterinary

See below for detailed call.

Deadline for submitting the application: Friday 07th August 2026

Mak Editor

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