General
High yielding Soybean varieties transform agricultural sector in Uganda
Makerere University through the Centre for Soybean Improvement and Development has developed six high yielding–rust resistant soybean varieties (Namsoy 4M, Maksoy 1N, 2N, 3N, 4N and 5N). Recent impact studies indicated that over 90% of the soybean varieties grown in Uganda are developed by Makerere University (Obaa and Tukamuhabwa, 2015).
Why the Maksoy Soybean varieties?
In 1996, Soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd.); one of the most devastating soybean diseases in the world was detected in Uganda, leading to yield losses of up to 100%. By 2000, farmers had lost interest in growing soybean since it was no longer profitable. To address this problem, researchers at Makerere University embarked on soybean research and breeding activities in major soybean growing areas in Uganda using a participatory approach that led to the development of six high yielding-rust resistant soybean varieties.
Impact of MakSoy Soybean varieties
With over 80% of the people living in Uganda engaged in Agriculture, the Maksoy high yielding rust resistant varieties have transformed the soybean sector in Uganda and improved livelihoods.
Soybean production in Uganda steadily increased from 144,000 hectares in 2004 to 200,000 hectares in 2014 (Tukamuhabwa and Oloka, 2016). Soybean prices increased from 600 UGX per kg in 2008 to 1000 UGX per kg in 2011 (SNV, 2011).
Similarly, soybean export earnings grew from USD 300,000 in 2006 to USD 1,163,000 in 2009; an increase of 288% (Ssengendo et al., 2010).
The varieties have also provided steady supply of soybean grain for the ever growing processing plants in Uganda. “The processing capacity increased from 300 tons in 2009 (Anon, 2010) to over 600 tons in 2011” (SNV, 2011).
Furthermore, the quantity of soybean foundation seed increased from 2 tons in 2010 to 15 tons in 2014 per season and risen to over 40 tons in the year 2015.
Future Prospects of Maksoy Soybean varieties
Maksoy Soybean varieties are a success story. Given the demand presented by human and livestock needs, we highly encourage farmers, private sector, industry and funders to grow these high-yielding disease-resistant varieties.
This article is a Research Uptake Communication collaborating between Dr. Phinehas Tukamuhabwa and Mr. Tonny Obua together with the Mak Research Uptake Communication team, Ritah Namisango, Marjorie Kyomuhendo and Jane Anyango-Communication Officer, CAES.
Researcher
Dr. Phinehas Tukamuhabwa,
Associate Professor,
College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES),
Makerere University
Email: p.tuka[at]caes.mak.ac.ug
It was informed by an existing publication:
For print only: Tukamuhabwa P and Oloka H.K “Soybean Research & Development in Uganda: A case of paradigm shift in an African University.” (2016) Makerere University Agricultural Research Institute, Kabanyolo (MUARIK), Makerere University, Kampala.
For online: Tukamuhabwa P and Oloka H.K “Soybean Research & Development in Uganda: A case of paradigm shift in an African University.” (2016) Research News. News Portal, Makerere University. http://news.mak.ac.ug/2016/01/mak-developed-disease-resistant-high-yielding-varieties-dominate-market 28th March 2016
Prof. Edward Bbaale, Acting Deputy Vice Chancellor for Finance and Administration at Makerere University, on November 10 2026 welcomed a delegation from the International Water Association (IWA), led by Mr. Keith Robertson, the Learning and Events Director at International Water Association (IWA). Mr. Robertson, in his remarks, highlighted their visit to Makerere University as a fact-finding mission regarding the potential establishment of a new regional IWA office in Africa to support the continent in solving challenges relating to water.
The International Water Association is a leading global nonprofit organisation and knowledge hub for the water and sanitation sector. Connecting more than 10,000 individual members and 500 corporate entities across 140 plus countries, the association bridges the gap between scientific research and practical engineering to solve global water crises, improve sanitation, and secure clean water systems. Currently, IWA is evaluating potential host cities in Africa; Makerere University in Kampala is the first they have visited out of their three countries and venues earmarked.
This meeting held at Makerere Main Administrative Building, was attended by university leadership, faculty from College of Engineering, Design, Art and Technology (CEDAT), and representatives from the National Water and Sewerage Corporation (NWSC). Discussions explored possibilities of the yet to be established office bridging the gap between academic research and practical application in the water sector not only in Uganda but also on the continent.
On behalf of University Management, Prof. Edward Bbaale underscored this engagement that focused on possible Water and Sanitation advancement partnership as one that aligns well with the strategic direction of the University.
Projected Impact of a Kampala-Based IWA Office
Dr Philip Nyenje, Head of Department, Civil and Environmental Engineering (DCEE), expressed optimism about the collaboration, saying, “this is a very good opportunity for us to grow our interest in the sector of water and sanitation.”
In addition, Dr Seith Mugume, a Senior Lecturer at DCEE, noted that the regional office would unlock research and innovation opportunities in the real world for our students and also provide incentives for them to pursue projects within local research and innovation angles.
Eng. Zainab Mpakiraba, Acting Senior Manager at NWSC framed Kampala as a very unique venue for the centre and highlighted Makerere as one of the core academic partners for the regional Eastern and Southern Africa hub of the Global Sanitation Graduate School. Eng. Mpakiraba further endorsed Makerere, saying that, as a top-notch university in Uganda and in the region, when it leads on any aspect, it is able to pull most of the other universities.
Makerere’s Strategic Initiatives and Activities so far in the Area of Water
Dr Nyenje noted that his Department has a very strong base in water and sanitation, covering disciplines like water resources, environmental, structural, and highway engineering. Dr. Mugume added that they are conducting research on “modeling of water resource systems, hydrological and hydraulic modeling,” “water quality management,” and “fecal sludge management, sanitation in low-income and peri-urban areas.”
The two also mentioned that the department has introduced a “master’s in sanitation, and also a postgraduate program… a diploma in sanitation” to address growing interest in the sector.
All these strategies have been made possible through good will and funding from the Government of Uganda, strategic partnerships, and International Collaborations that have positioned Makerere as a key player in the region.
Concluding the session, Prof. Edward Bbaale reaffirmed Makerere’s ability to run this Office when established as the University has human resources in multidisciplinary research, global credibility and working relationships with many organisations and institutions on the continent and far.
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