Health
Mak School of Public Health, Ministry of Health to Conduct National Mental Health Integration Study
Published
3 years agoon

As mental health gains recognition as a critical aspect of overall well-being, a pioneering study is set to delve into its integration in schools, communities and healthcare units across Uganda.
With funding from the World Bank, this landmark study titled; “Assessing the Extent of Integration of Mental Health Services into Primary Healthcare, Community and Schools” will focus on four purposively selected districts in Uganda – Adjumani in the Northern region, Bushenyi in Western Uganda, Kapchorwa in Eastern Uganda, and Butambala in Central Uganda.
With the potential to revolutionize mental health practices in schools, this study will through rigorous research and analysis shed light on the implementation and impact of mental health integration initiatives in schools, uncovering new insights that could shape policies and practices for generations to come.

Latest data from the international Burden of Disease Study indicates that mental illness and substance use disorders account for 3.35% of the total disease burden in Uganda. According to the latest WHO data, at least 7.4% of Ugandans are affected by common mental disorders particularly depression, anxiety and alcohol use disorders.
Comparable to high-income countries, depression and generalized anxiety disorders in Uganda, are prevalent at 5.3% and 4.1% respectively. Uganda ranks among the top five countries globally with the highest depression prevalence. Poverty, HIV infection, disasters, and adverse environmental conditions are factors that increase the risk and consequence of mental health conditions in Uganda.
It is against this background that the World Bank Group solicited for consultancy services for a nation-wide study to assess the extent of integration of mental health services into primary healthcare, schools and communities.
Dr. Juliet Nakku, Senior Consultant Psychiatrist and Executive Director of Butabika National Referral Mental Hospital, during an inception meeting of mental health stakeholders on April 13, stated that the study will reveal the prevalence and types of mental health issues in these settings and their impact on community well-being.
This study that will be conducted by a team of mental health experts from the Ministry of Health and Makerere University School of Public Health. This study will assess the availability, access, and quality of mental health services in PHC, communities, and schools.
The study’s Principal Investigator Dr. Nakku further emphasized that the research will assess existing services, identify gaps/barriers, and explore opportunities/challenges in integrating mental health into primary healthcare and schools. This will involve examining policies, resources, support systems, and obstacles to integration.

Over the last 20 years, Uganda has taken measures to enhance its healthcare system and promote better health outcomes for its population. In 1996, the government-initiated efforts to integrate mental health into primary healthcare, providing training for general healthcare workers to identify and address common mental health disorders.
Dr. Hafsa Lukwata, Assistant Commissioner for NCDs and Mental Health at the Ministry of Health, emphasizes that there is increased risk of mental health problems among specific sub-populations, including children, the elderly, refugees, and individuals in uniform.
Dr. Lukwata asserts that the government is addressing mental health through policies that highlight its importance as a fundamental component of health at all care levels. These policies promote decentralization, integration of evidence-based services, and partnerships to increase mental health knowledge and service provision.

She further stresses that mental health conditions impact individuals throughout their lifespan, affecting quality of life. This includes early childhood, adolescence, pregnancy, adulthood, as well as specific groups such as men in uniform, workplace populations, and the elderly who are at an increased risk for mental illnesses.
Uganda, according to Dr. Hafsa invested USD 25m in 2009 to improve mental health facilities and provide training for health workers, with support from the African Development Bank.
“We have set up several health facilities and trained numerous health workers with the support of the African Development Bank,” says Dr. Hafsa. “However, there have been no studies to assess the impact of these investments. Routine data from the Ministry of Health Management Information Systems (HMIS) indicates an increase in new patients treated for mental health conditions.”
She adds that improvements have been made to the structure of mental health care at all levels to increase the number and mix of mental health professionals.
Despite progress, as noted in the 2018 report of the Sectoral Committee on Health, Uganda still grapples with a significant mental health treatment gap of 85%, leaving only 15% of those in need with access to care. Primary healthcare facilities often refer individuals to higher-level tertiary care, and mental health stigma persists, with limited awareness among the general population, as highlighted by the World Bank.
To bridge the gap, WHO suggests integrating mental health services into PHC systems in countries like Uganda. However, challenges such as prioritization, poverty, cultural differences, health system issues, medication supply, workforce shortages, and inflexibility pose barriers to this integration.

Dr. Nakku acknowledges that mental health has received policy priority in Uganda, but gaps remain in delivering services at primary care, community, and school levels, leaving some populations underserved.
“Mental health problems are risk factors for various public health concerns, such as road traffic accidents and injuries. The role of alcohol and substance use in these issues is significant. Integrating mental health into primary health care may be a cost-effective solution with desirable treatment outcomes. There have been efforts to integration. We now want to assess the extent of integration into PHC, communities and schools in Uganda,” explained Dr. Nakku.
The study aims to evaluate the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) related to mental health care/services among a total of 1380 individuals, including 45 students/pupils from each of the 33 schools. The assessment will focus on both teachers, learners’ senior women teachers, school nurses and matrons.
Dr. Fredrick E. Makumbi, an Associate Professor of Biostatistics at MakSPH outlined how the study will use qualitative and quantitative data to comprehensively understand mental health integration in Uganda. He provided specifics on the quantitative component, including the study population, sample size, sampling procedure, and data analysis plans. He stressed that the collected data will yield indicators for developing a composite measure of integration, stratified by primary healthcare, communities, and schools.

“This study is quite interesting because we have primary health care units as a study population. We shall randomly pick study participants from the villages and schools served by the health care units. We also have plans to construct an Integration of Mental Health Services/Care Composite (IMHC) based on scores from the items/indicators of integration at each of the 3 levels. Each indicator present will be scored ‘1’ else ‘0’, and a total score will be obtained as the sum of all individual indicator scores. The proportion of schools/communities/PHC facilities generated will be based on an agreed cut-off,” explained Dr. Fred Makumbi, a Co-Principal Investigator of the MHISU study.
Professor Rhoda Wanyenze, the Dean and study Advisory team member expressed her enthusiasm for hosting a study highlighting that mental health was “an integral part of our lives.” Accordingly, she stressed MakSPH’s commitment to increasing mental health knowledge through research and expressed her delight in partnering with Butabika Hospital, citing their history of effective teamwork. “The School of Public Health will document the learnings from this study and this study is not a one-off.”

Dr. Wilson Winstons Muhwezi, an Associate Professor in the Department of Psychiatry at Makerere University College of Health Sciences, provided insights on the qualitative component of the study during the discussion. He emphasized the purpose of describing and providing context for integration, and how the study team aims to explain trends, relationships, consistencies, and inconsistencies through the numerous question items they have put together.
“We think if we are able to go to very many sub-populations that we have marked out for purposes of collecting this qualitative data, we shall be able to provide context and meaning according to the data sources themselves so that we have better appreciation of what is going on,” says Dr. Muhwezi.

Dr. Muhwezi expressed excitement to be part of a study that recognizes the value of qualitative data in increasing the wealth of knowledge. “As far as I am concerned, I am very excited about this study because rarely do we get to do studies where the qualitative approach is given prominence like the quantitative approach. I think we will get good information when we come from the field.”
Dr. Oyoo Charles Akiya, the Commissioner NCDs-Ministry of Health, expressed the Ministry’s keen interest in the upcoming study on Ugandan mental health during an inception meeting chaired on their behalf. He emphasized that understanding the mental health needs of Uganda will lead to better interventions and contribute to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 3 – Good Health and Well-being.

According to Dr. Oyoo, Ministry of Health will support the study team and that it was eager to learn more about the study and how they can be of service. He expressed gratitude to the World Bank, MakSPH, and Butabika Hospital for their contribution to improving mental health care in Uganda.

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Health
International Coordination Office Newsletter, Issue 1 Jan–Jun 2025
Published
2 days agoon
November 28, 2025By
Mak Editor
Dear Readers
We welcome you to our first edition of the international academic mobility newsletter from Makerere University College of Health Sciences. In this edition, we share the highlights of various academic mobility programs at MakCHS, experiences of several students and staff who have been able to travel, study and experience new cultures and skills aimed at increasing their competitiveness in the Global market. We also share challenges and improvements to improve student and staff academic mobility experiences.
Internationalization of higher education is defined by the OECD (1999) as the integration of an international/intercultural dimension into all the activities of a university, including teaching, research and service functions. This is in line with the Makerere University vision 2030 to become a research-led university. This cross-border movement of faculty in higher education has been attracting scholarly attention for decades since knowledge is borderless (Shen et al., 2022). Therefore, internationalization increases global higher education and impacts the world university rankings, with a goal of increasing international recruitment of the best and brightest students and scholars. These international academic mobilities offered at MakCHS involve a broad range of activities like attending conferences, visiting research partners abroad and longer stays in other countries for research purposes.
MakCHS has many academic partners with long-standing bilateral relations and agreements that go beyond academic mobility and thus has overtime developed procedures and quality control mechanisms to support academic mobility. The coordination of these academic mobilities is handled at the International Coordination Office. The office is also responsible for the administration and making sure that students and faculty have a memorable experience. It is also responsible for monitoring and reporting tasks and managing the organizational support and coordination, incoming participants’ comprehensive insurance coverage, registrations, social activities and guided city tours for incomings etc.
We look forward to learning with you, celebrating progress, and charting our next steps—together, as we build for the future.
Enjoy your reading
Dr. Mark Kaddumukasa
Associate Professor
PROGRAM DIRECTOR
View the newsletter using the link below:
ICO Newsletter 2025 Issue 1
Health
IDI launches the Sewankambo Training Program for Global Health Security in Africa
Published
3 days agoon
November 27, 2025By
Eve Nakyanzi
On 27th November 2025 the Makerere University Infectious Diseases Institute (IDI) unveiled the second cohort of fellows—marking a significant step forward in strengthening global health security across the region. The cohort brings together five exceptional emerging scientists whose research areas reflect the continent’s most urgent health priorities. They include Mr. Dickson Aruhomukama in Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR); Dr. Rodgers Ayebare in Case Management, Infection Prevention and Control; Mr. Julius Okwir in Epidemic Intelligence and Community Health; Dr. Robert Zavuga in Vaccines and Medical Counter Measures; and Ms. Phionah Tushabe in Planetary Health, Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH). Their selection marks a new chapter in nurturing homegrown expertise capable of safeguarding Africa’s health systems for generations to come.
The Acting Vice Chancellor, Prof. Sarah Ssali while presiding over the event emphasized the significance of launching the Sewankambo Training Program for Global Health Security as a milestone not only for IDI but for Makerere University and the continent at large. She highlighted the urgency of strengthening Africa’s capacity to predict, prevent, and respond to emerging epidemics, noting the rapid rise in zoonotic disease outbreaks and the persistent weaknesses exposed by crises like Ebola and COVID-19. She celebrated the legacy of Prof. Nelson Sewankambo and the scholars shaped by his leadership, stressing that the program embodies the university’s commitment to producing transformative health leaders grounded in multidisciplinary expertise and One Health principles.

She also called for stronger collaboration across colleges—particularly with the College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity (CoVAB)’s Center for Biosecurity and the College of Health Sciences (CHS) to ensure that scarce scientific resources are fully utilized and that future health professionals are prepared for an evolving global landscape. In closing, she reaffirmed Makerere University’s dedication to advancing research excellence, nurturing responsible stewardship, and upholding the values that define the Sewankambo legacy.

The Academic Registrar Prof. Buyinza Mukadasi also conveyed his heartfelt congratulations to IDI and Prof. Nelson Sewankambo upon this remarkable milestone. He reflected on his recent engagements with the Institute—most notably the launch of the African Centre of Excellence in Bioinformatics—and expressed his admiration for the world-class research emerging from IDI, including publications in leading journals such as The Lancet and Nature. He noted that Makerere takes great pride in IDI’s work across multiple initiatives, from THRiVE to ongoing research collaborations, and wished the newly launched fellows a rewarding and impactful journey in research.
The Deputy Principal CHS, Prof. Richard Idro congratulated the new cohort and welcomed them into what he fondly referred to as “the cookhouse,” where future scientific leaders are shaped. Drawing from his own formative encounters with Prof. Nelson Sewankambo, he reflected on the deep mentorship culture that has defined generations of clinicians and researchers at Makerere—sharing stories of being challenged, supported, and pushed toward excellence. He reminded the fellows that their research will influence health policy and clinical practice far beyond individual patients, carrying long-term implications for national and global health.

Prof. Idro also acknowledged the critical challenges facing clinical disciplines, especially the constraints of promotion pathways that disadvantage highly skilled specialists without PhDs. He appealed for reforms to safeguard the future of key fields like anesthesia and surgery. Closing his remarks, he celebrated the College’s 100-year legacy, expressed gratitude for the university’s continued support, and invited alumni and partners to contribute ideas that will shape the next century of innovation, training, and service.
Dr. Charles Olaro, the Director General of Health Services, highlighted the essential role of academia in strengthening Uganda’s global health security, noting how recent outbreaks—from COVID-19 to Ebola—have revealed both the country’s progress and remaining gaps. He emphasized that programs like the Sewankambo Training Program are vital for building resilient health systems, advancing research, and shaping policies that can respond swiftly and effectively to public health threats.

Reflecting on the strong collaboration between the Ministry of Health and institutions such as Makerere University and IDI, he pointed out how research emerging from academia continually informs national policy, including work presented at recent conferences on non-communicable diseases and community health. Dr. Olaro congratulated the new cohort, reminding them that their work carries significant responsibility, as their research and leadership will influence health outcomes far beyond individual clinical care. He also underscored the need for stronger regional capacity, improved emergency response systems, and sustained mentorship to ensure that communities across Uganda—and the region—benefit from timely, coordinated outbreak preparedness.
In his address, Prof. Nelson Sewankambo commended the achievements of the first cohort and challenged the new fellows to uphold—and even surpass—the high standards already set. Reflecting on the rigorous selection process, he reminded the cohort that they were chosen because they demonstrated exceptional promise in a highly competitive field. He noted that the launch of this program comes at a particularly critical moment, as Africa CDC has just established a new Division for Health Security and Sovereignty, even as global financing for health research continues to decline. This, he said, makes the commitment to sustaining the program both bold and necessary.

Prof. Sewankambo also addressed concerns about the future of clinical scholars at Makerere, arguing that rigid promotion policies risk driving away talented specialists who are vital to the university’s mission. Emphasizing that “it is wise people who change direction when it is necessary,” he urged university leadership to protect pathways that allow clinicians to grow, serve, and undertake PhDs without being pushed out of the system. His message underscored both the responsibility carried by the new fellows and the collective duty to safeguard the future of medical education and research.
Dr. Andrew Kambugu, Executive Director (ED) of IDI, warmly welcomed all guests and reflected on the Institute’s long-standing culture of adaptation and innovation in response to Africa’s evolving health challenges. He celebrated the presence of Prof. Nelson Sewankambo—honoring his legacy as a founder, mentor, and active research collaborator—and acknowledged the strength of Cohort One as a living example of what the program can produce.

The ED emphasized that the Sewankambo Program stands on three pillars: rigorous selection, structured support with clear accountability, and strong alignment with national health priorities. He reminded the new fellows that IDI itself was born from the principle “adapt or perish,” and urged them to carry forward that spirit as they confront emerging threats like antimicrobial resistance and disease outbreaks across the continent. He also reflected on the power of mentorship, sharing personal experiences that illustrated how deeply mentorship can shape a scientific career. In closing, he expressed confidence that the five new fellows will honor the name they bear and continue building a legacy that inspires future generations.
Prof. Harriet Mayanja-Kizza reminded the newly selected fellows that while this achievement is significant, it marks only the beginning of a demanding but deeply meaningful journey. She expressed pride in the diversity of the cohort—drawn from ten African countries—and noted with delight that one of the brightest candidates emerged from the smallest country represented.

Reflecting on the evolution of impactful careers, she encouraged young people to embrace emerging fields such as bioinformatics, biotechnology, AI, molecular biology, and biostatistics, which she believes will define the future of science and global health. Prof. Mayanja spoke passionately about the diseases the fellows will tackle, highlighting the severe threat of antimicrobial resistance, the persistent burden of malaria, the dangers of resurfacing viral infections, and the transformative power of immunization. She urged the fellows to stay grounded, stay committed, and embrace the modern, data-driven tools now shaping global health research. In closing, she celebrated their potential to make a global impact and welcomed them formally into a field where their work will shape healthier futures for generations to come.
Prof. Ponsiano Ochama, one of the pioneers from the first cohort, reflected on the journey of the Sewankambo clinical scholarship from its early days in the “cookhouse” to the strong, structured program it has become. He recounted how the scholarship began as a mentorship-driven initiative aimed at nurturing future researchers and how sustained advocacy eventually removed barriers that once limited clinical scholars’ progression.

Prof. Ochama shared the impactful work he and his colleagues have since undertaken—highlighting, for example, a national study on hepatitis B mother-to-child transmission that shaped recent Ministry of Health policy. He encouraged the incoming cohort to embrace the program fully, assuring them that the “cookhouse” experience will transform them into strong, skilled scientists whose work will influence health policy and improve lives across the country.
Dr. Byonanebye Dathan, Deputy Head of the Global Health Security Department, outlined the strong rationale behind the Sewankambo Global Health Security Program, noting Africa’s rising burden of zoonotic and viral hemorrhagic fevers and the continent’s limited capacity for early detection and response. He emphasized that despite competing health priorities—HIV, TB, malaria, maternal health—there remain significant gaps in surveillance systems, workforce capacity, and research preparedness.

The program, he said, is designed to fill these gaps by strengthening research training, developing a skilled outbreak response workforce, and building a network of experts across Africa capable of generating evidence that directly informs policy and improves health systems. Dr. Dathan highlighted the rigorous selection process, the program’s alignment with WHO and national public health frameworks, and its integration of emerging technologies such as AI and machine learning. He affirmed that the fellows will receive structured mentorship, leadership development, and hands-on experience using existing data and real-world outbreak response systems—ensuring that their work leads not only to publications, but to meaningful impact across the continent.
Dr. Francis Kakooza, Acting Head of Global Health Security, traced the remarkable evolution of IDI’s Global Health Security work over the past decade, from its early CDC-funded surveillance efforts in 2015 to its expansion into biosecurity, AMR, epidemic research, policy development, and regional outbreak support. He highlighted IDI’s role in major national initiatives—including COVID-19 response, vaccination rollouts, risk management, lab accreditation, and the establishment of Regional Emergency Operations Centers—as well as its growing continental footprint through partnerships with Africa CDC, Mastercard Foundation, and Resolve to Save Lives.

Dr. Kakooza emphasized that the launch of the Prof. Nelson Sewankambo Global Health Security PhD Program is the culmination of years of investment in strengthening African research capacity and supporting fellows whose work is already shaping policy. He expressed gratitude to all partners, mentors, and leaders who contributed to the program’s development, acknowledged the rigorous selection that yielded five fellows from ten countries, and reaffirmed IDI’s commitment to nurturing a new generation of scientists equipped to protect the continent from infectious disease threats.

Health
Sanger Prize 2026: Call for Applications Open
Published
6 days agoon
November 24, 2025By
Mak Editor
The Sanger Prize 2026 is now open for applications, and will be until the 9th January 2026. Further details and a link to the application form can be found here: https://www.sanger.ac.uk/about/study/the-sanger-prize-competition-2026/
The main Sanger Prize page has been updated with additional information and testimonials from previous winners, please do take a look at it here: https://www.sanger.ac.uk/about/study/the-sanger-prize/
The Sanger Prize presents a wonderful opportunity for genomics students in low and middle income countries, therefore the prize administrators are keen for the application information to reach as many eligible people as possible.
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