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RUFORUM Triennial Thought Pieces: ISSUE 04 – Prof. Kay Leresche

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Trends and Innovation Impacting Capacity to Deliver on the African Agenda 2063

Africa is a continent of great promise – with a combined GDP of around $3.5 trillion, the youngest and fastest-growing population in the world, and a diverse and extensive natural resource base. To realise this potential there needs to be significant investment in education, research and information sharing. Africa must be able to use new technology to create the knowledge, products and institutions to improve livelihoods. Although the technologies will allow Africa to leapfrog many old systems, they also require proactive and ongoing adaptation. Institutions and systems that cannot adapt will wither. The more structured for change the more likely it is that universities will be able to use the technological revolution to address the key drivers of change that impact progress.

Climate change with its increased droughts, floods and locust invasions, the Covid-19 pandemic, HIV, malaria and other devastating diseases, and the dislocation of poor governance and war, compound these challenges. But the natural exuberance of Africa and their determination to keep striving in the face of all obstacles will see them succeed. To do this they need the tools. Low levels of research and human resource capacity create a bottleneck to Africa reasserting its role in the global economy. Universities in Africa need to change rapidly. They need to recognise the new opportunities and prepare students that are innovative, ethical and adaptable to drive our colleges and schools, build businesses, create new knowledge and serve Africa. They house most of the highly qualified people in Africa and are often neutral spaces where transparent engagement is possible. Universities need to join with society (private sector, farmers, entrepreneurs, civil society and government agencies) to generate new, locally relevant, knowledge that is embedded in ways that facilitate rapid uptake. Universities need to take up their role as a fulcrum upon which Africa makes the rapid strides it needs to take advantage of the African Continental Free Trade Agreement and meet the aspirations of Agenda 2063.

While the impending change holds great promise, the patterns of consumption, production and employment created by it also pose major challenges requiring proactive adaptation by corporations, governments, institutions and individuals. Concurrent to the technological revolution are a set of broader socio-economic, geopolitical, demographic and environmental drivers of change, each interacting in multiple directions and intensifying one another (Brookings, 2020).

The Challenges for Africa

“Despite the continent’s promise obstacles to success linger as job creation still has not caught up with the growing youth labor force, gaps in good and inclusive governance remain, and climate change as well as state fragility, threaten to reverse the hard-fought-for gains of recent decades” Brahima S. Coulibaly (Brookings 2020). This was before the Covid pandemic which has since caused global devastation to lives, health and economies, especially in Africa. The disruptions continue to be felt with pressure on health facilities, loss of learning time and the economic stress of lockdowns with disrupted markets, international transport problems, decreased demand and the severe disruptions to tourism and remittances.

A challenge throughout Africa is the misalignment of job creation and demographic trends. Export-led manufacturing has not been a key feature of transformation in Africa’s economies and that which exists tends not to be labour intensive. The future is focused on services to absorb the youth and workers moving out of agriculture. This reflects the natural resources, history and geography of the continent and the global marketplace. Governments can play a major role in changing this misalignment; not necessarily directly, but by educating and training, improving the infrastructure, facilitating engagement and providing an enabling environment to enhance a strong knowledge economy. Technological progress is critical to providing mechanisms to improve productivity and livelihoods. Poor infrastructure both physical and digital is a significant constraint on development in Africa. It reduces the flow of information, people, services and goods. Improving information access facilitates improved production, allows for bulking and lower market transaction costs, and enables small farmers to generate economies of scale. New technology can help to overcome some of the aggregation challenges of the past. It can assist to overcome many of the barriers to entry and improve efficiency.

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Hundreds attend Sylas Ruhweza’s Requiem Mass

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Sylas Ruhweza's casket lies in the chapel. Requiem Mass in respect of Mr. Sylas Ruhweza, the first President of the Mastercard Foundation Scholars Alumni Community at Makerere University, 30th May 2026, St. Augustine Chapel, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.

Hundreds of mourners gathered at St. Augustine Chapel, Makerere University on May 30, 2026 to pray for the soul of Mr. Sylas Ruhweza, the first President of the Mastercard Foundation Scholars Alumni Community at Makerere University.

The requiem mass was filled with emotional tributes celebrating Ruhweza’s life of service, leadership and dedication to community causes. Ruhweza passed away on Friday, May 29, 2026, at Mildmay Uganda Hospital.

Speaker after speaker described him as a humble and visionary leader who was passionate about uplifting others and deeply committed to excellence.

Rt. Hon. Calvin Armstrong Rwomiire Akiiki addresses mourners. Requiem Mass in respect of Mr. Sylas Ruhweza, the first President of the Mastercard Foundation Scholars Alumni Community at Makerere University, 30th May 2026, St. Augustine Chapel, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Rt. Hon. Calvin Armstrong Rwomiire Akiiki addresses mourners.

“We thank God for the life of Sylas, for the years he granted him among us, and for the impact he made on countless lives. He carried himself with humility and grace, and wherever he went, he built friendships, inspired confidence, and left people better than he found them,” Tooro Kingdom Prime Minister, Calvin Armstrong Rwomiire Akiiki, said during the Mass.

Mr. Rwomiire urged mourners to honour Ruhweza’s legacy by embracing the values he stood for, including integrity, compassion, hard work, service to community, and his unwavering love for Tooro Kingdom.

The main celebrant, Rev. Fr. Charles Lwanga Makoboza, echoed the message in his homily, reminding Christians to remain rooted in Jesus Christ throughout their lives.

Rev. Fr. Charles Lwanga Makoboza. Requiem Mass in respect of Mr. Sylas Ruhweza, the first President of the Mastercard Foundation Scholars Alumni Community at Makerere University, 30th May 2026, St. Augustine Chapel, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Rev. Fr. Charles Lwanga Makoboza.

 “Sylas has gone to be with God, in a place where there is no pain, missed calls, struggle, corruption, betrayal, jealousy and tears. He is in a place with absolute peace. So, in life, never be the cause of someone’s tears, and if you do, seek reconciliation,” Fr. Lwanga, said.

Fr. Lwanga also reminded mourners that what Ruhweza needs most are prayers, not wreaths.

Speaking on behalf of the family, Ms. Grace Kabasita, Ruhweza’s maternal aunt, described him as a loving and dedicated young man whose life touched many people.

Ms. Grace Kabasita. Requiem Mass in respect of Mr. Sylas Ruhweza, the first President of the Mastercard Foundation Scholars Alumni Community at Makerere University, 30th May 2026, St. Augustine Chapel, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Ms. Grace Kabasita.

“Sylas was a counsellor, teacher, and a brilliant, loveable young man who fitted into every society. His life was marked by service, friendship, dedication, and commitment to the wellbeing of others and his culture,” she said.

Addressing mourners, Prof Justine Namaalwa, the Coordinator of the Mastercard Foundation Initiatives at Makerere University, noted that though Sylas’s life was cut short, he leaves behind a lasting legacy of service, leadership and impact on the communities he served.

 “Sylas, you have gone too soon. But it is well with our souls. May your legacy of Transformative Leadership live on,” Prof. Namaalwa, said.

R-L: Prof. Prof. Justine Namaalwa, a mourner, Prof. Gorettie Nabanoga and Ms. Jolly Okumu. Requiem Mass in respect of Mr. Sylas Ruhweza, the first President of the Mastercard Foundation Scholars Alumni Community at Makerere University, 30th May 2026, St. Augustine Chapel, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
R-L: Prof. Prof. Justine Namaalwa, a mourner, Prof. Gorettie Nabanoga and Ms. Jolly Okumu.

She thanked the Mastercard Foundation for supporting his education through BRAC Uganda, supporting his university education through the Mastercard Foundation Scholars Program at Makerere University, and nurturing his leadership journey through the Youth Advisory Board.

Ruhweeza at glance

Born on 19th July 1994 to the late Mr. Paul Tinkasimire Paul Adyeeri and Ms. Ategeka Margret Abwooli of Bunyangabu District.

The ninth born of eleven children attended Kaboyo Primary School for his Primary Education, and later joined Fort Portal Secondary School where he sat for his O-Level. He then proceeded to A-Level at Hannah International School.

Sylas Ruhweza, then Team Lead, AlumNet Foundation addressing his fellow alumni on 5th April 2025. Requiem Mass in respect of Mr. Sylas Ruhweza, the first President of the Mastercard Foundation Scholars Alumni Community at Makerere University, 30th May 2026, St. Augustine Chapel, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Sylas Ruhweza, then Team Lead, AlumNet Foundation addressing his fellow alumni on 5th April 2025.

He joined Makerere University and graduated with a Bachelor of Science in Petroleum Geoscience and Production in 2022, supported by the Mastercard Foundation Scholars Programme at Makerere University.

At the time of his passing, he was pursuing a Master’s degree at Victoria University.

Leadership, Service and Professional Contributions

Mr. Ruhweza served as Chairperson of the Mastercard Foundation Alumni Network at BRAC from 2020 to 2022, demonstrating transformative leadership and commitment to social change.

Prof. Gorettie Nabanoga with scholars that attended the Mass. Requiem Mass in respect of Mr. Sylas Ruhweza, the first President of the Mastercard Foundation Scholars Alumni Community at Makerere University, 30th May 2026, St. Augustine Chapel, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Prof. Gorettie Nabanoga with scholars that attended the Mass.

He later became the President of the Makerere AlumNet Foundation, an umbrella organization that brings together the Scholars Makerere Alumni chapter.

He worked as an eLearning Support Officer at the College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS) under the e-learning initiative at Makerere University.

He was a member of the Steering Committee of the Mastercard Foundation Scholars Program at Makerere University, representing the Scholars Makerere Alumni chapter.

Scholars mourning Sylas. Requiem Mass in respect of Mr. Sylas Ruhweza, the first President of the Mastercard Foundation Scholars Alumni Community at Makerere University, 30th May 2026, St. Augustine Chapel, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Scholars mourning Sylas.

At the time of his passing, he was serving as the Minister of Information in the Tooro Kingdom, Strategy and Engagement Lead for the Mastercard Foundation Alumni Network-Uganda Chapter, and Programme Associate at the Africa Climate Collaborative, one of the Mastercard Foundation initiatives at Makerere University.

Legacy

Ruhweza is remembered for his dedication to education, leadership, mentorship, and community service. He passionately championed youth empowerment, collaboration, and social responsibility.

The Requiem Mass in progress. Requiem Mass in respect of Mr. Sylas Ruhweza, the first President of the Mastercard Foundation Scholars Alumni Community at Makerere University, 30th May 2026, St. Augustine Chapel, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
The Requiem Mass in progress.

His life reflected the transformative power of education, servant leadership, and a commitment to uplifting others.

May Sylas’s soul rest in eternal peace.

Rt. Hon. Calvin Armstrong Rwomiire Akiiki with mourners that included Deputy Lord Mayor Emeritus Nyanjura Doreen. Requiem Mass in respect of Mr. Sylas Ruhweza, the first President of the Mastercard Foundation Scholars Alumni Community at Makerere University, 30th May 2026, St. Augustine Chapel, Kampala Uganda, East Africa.
Rt. Hon. Calvin Armstrong Rwomiire Akiiki with mourners that included Deputy Lord Mayor Emeritus Nyanjura Doreen.

Carol Kasujja
Carol Kasujja Adii

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Makerere University Pushes for Stronger Support for Research Ethics Committees amid Growing Research Demands

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Seated: Prof. Sarah Ssali (2nd L) and Prof. Robert Wamala (2nd R) with Chairpersons of Research Ethics Committees on 25th May 2026. High-level meeting between University Management and Chairpersons of Research Ethics Committees (RECs) held in the Vice Chancellor’s Boardroom, Makerere University Main building, Kampala Uganda, East Africa on May 25, 2026.

By Moses Lutaaya

Makerere University has intensified efforts to strengthen research governance and ethical oversight, with university leaders calling for greater institutional support for Research Ethics Committees (RECs), whose role has become increasingly central to the institution’s research-led agenda.

The call was made during a high-level meeting between University Management and Chairpersons of Research Ethics Committees held at the Vice Chancellor’s Boardroom at the Makerere University Main Building on May 25, 2026.

Opening the meeting, the Director of Research Innovations and Partnerships (DRIP), Prof. Robert Wamala, highlighted a number of operational and administrative challenges affecting the effectiveness of RECs at Makerere University.

Prof. Wamala observed that RECs continue to operate with gaps in institutional framework outlining their position within the university governance structure, a gap he said has affected institutional support and long-term sustainability.

According to Prof. Wamala, inadequate facilitation continues to affect the operations of several committees, especially in areas of staffing, administrative coordination, and remuneration for REC administrators.

Prof. Robert Wamala. High-level meeting between University Management and Chairpersons of Research Ethics Committees (RECs) held in the Vice Chancellor’s Boardroom, Makerere University Main building, Kampala Uganda, East Africa on May 25, 2026.
Prof. Robert Wamala.

He also pointed to challenges arising from new regulatory requirements governing the appointment of REC members, particularly the need for appointment letters to be authorized or signed by the Vice Chancellor.

Prof. Wamala further raised concern over the high cost of mandatory accreditation and training processes required by the Uganda National Council for Science and Technology (UNCST), especially the Good Research Regulatory Practice (GRRP) training undertaken every three years. “Payment for training is too high for individual RECs to cover,” he noted, adding that many committees are struggling to independently raise the money to undertake the training for all their members.

He also emphasized the need for stronger institutional monitoring systems to support timely submission of accreditation renewal applications, oversight of approved research activities, and coordination of REC operations across the university.

In her remarks, the Deputy Vice Chancellor in charge of Academic Affairs, Prof. Sarah Ssali, commended the growing contribution of RECs in advancing Makerere University’s research agenda and acknowledged the concerns raised by Prof. Wamala and committee members.

“There were not very many RECs,” Prof. Ssali said. “So now that we are 10, it is really impressive because it speaks to our cause for a research-led university.” She admitted that despite their importance, many RECs still operate outside the formal university establishment, making staffing and operational support difficult.

Prof. Sarah Ssali. High-level meeting between University Management and Chairpersons of Research Ethics Committees (RECs) held in the Vice Chancellor’s Boardroom, Makerere University Main building, Kampala Uganda, East Africa on May 25, 2026.
Prof. Sarah Ssali.

“The only challenge that I see is that they are not fully institutionalized. So it is upon units to start them or not to start them,” she explained. Prof. Ssali added that because RECs are not fully integrated into the public service structure of the university, recruiting and remunerating staff through conventional university systems remains complicated. “Hiring for them staff will be a little bit cumbersome because the university will say they are not part of our structure,” she said.

She nevertheless emphasized that university management recognizes the strategic importance of RECs in strengthening ethical research oversight and supporting Makerere’s position as a research-led institution. “RECs are doing a great job of furthering our strategic agenda of being a research-led university,” she noted.

Prof. Ssali explained that the growing reliance on institutional RECs by the Uganda National Council for Science and Technology demonstrates the trust placed in Makerere University’s ethical review systems.

Addressing concerns about the cost and frequency of mandatory training, Prof. Ssali acknowledged the financial burden on RECs but explained that many of the requirements are set by national regulators. “Many of the things you have raised are with National Council, they are not with us,” she said. “We can only pledge to lobby.”

To address logistical challenges associated with training senior academics, she proposed more flexible scheduling arrangements. “For a professor to give you a whole day is going to be a challenge,” she said. “Maybe you can do half days throughout the week.”

Prof. Ssali also encouraged colleges and schools to allocate part of their enhanced research budgets toward supporting REC activities, including staffing, training, and operational facilitation.

The High-Level Meeting in session. High-level meeting between University Management and Chairpersons of Research Ethics Committees (RECs) held in the Vice Chancellor’s Boardroom, Makerere University Main building, Kampala Uganda, East Africa on May 25, 2026.
The High-Level Meeting in session.

She suggested that colleges and schools hosting RECs should directly take responsibility for sustaining them. “For me, that’s the way out — to ensure that the colleges and schools that have RECs take them as their responsibility,” she noted.

The DVC-AA also addressed concerns related to intellectual property rights, Material Transfer Agreements (MTA), and the need for researchers to formally communicate scientific discoveries and innovations to the university to ensure institutional protection and benefit-sharing. “All you are saying is true, but it depends on you as researchers informing the institution that we have made this discovery,” she said.

Prof. Ssali reiterated Makerere University’s commitment to strengthening research governance systems and pledged continued engagement with both university management and national regulatory bodies to address the concerns raised by REC members. “Where they are, they enable research, publication and growth,” she said of the RECs. “Most importantly, they enable us to be ethical with the way we do our things.”

The meeting was attended by chairpersons of the various Research Ethics Committees across Makerere University and affiliated institutions. These included Dr. Ponsiano Ochama from the School of Medicine Research Ethics Committee (SOM-REC), Dr. Moses Ocan from the School of Biomedical Sciences Research Ethics Committee (SBS-REC), Dr. Paul Kutyabami from the School of Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee, Dr. David Kyaddondo from the Uganda Cancer Institute Research Ethics Committee, Dr. Stella Neema from the School of Social Sciences Research Ethics Committee (MAKSS-REC), Dr. Joseph Kagayi from the School of Public Health Research Ethics Committee, Dr. Joseph Kateete from the Infectious Diseases Institute Research Ethics Committee, Dr. Fred Okuku from the Uganda Heart Institute Research Ethics Committee, Dr. Kassim Sadik from the College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Research Ethics Committee, and Dr. Eddy Walakira from the College of Business and Management Sciences Research Ethics Committee.

The discussions reflected Makerere University’s broader ambition to consolidate its position as a leading research-intensive institution while ensuring that ethical standards, accountability, and innovation protection remain central to its academic mission.

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Sylas Ruhweza: A Brief Life Marked by Meaningful Accomplishments

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The late Sylas Ruhweza, 3rd President of the Scholars Association Makerere University (SAMAK). Kampala Uganda, East Africa.

On May 29, 2026, the Mastercard Foundation Scholars Community learned of the passing of Sylas Ruhweza Atwooki, a remarkable Scholar of the Mastercard Foundation Scholars Program at Makerere University. At just 32 years old, Sylas had already made an indelible mark. He served as the representative of Makerere University on the Mastercard Foundation Advisory Board, contributing to vital decisions that shape the future. Additionally, he held the prestigious role of Minister of Information for Tooro Kingdom, an extraordinary achievement that set a powerful example for his peers and illuminated the potential for leadership and impact within the community.

Sylas was born on 19 July 1994 to the late Tinkasimire Paul Adyeeri and Ms. Ategeka Margret Abwooli in what is now Bunyangabu District. As the ninth of eleven children, he recognised early the power of education and the doors it can open. His academic journey commenced at Kaboyo Primary School, followed by Fort Portal Secondary School for his O-levels. With the backing of the Mastercard Foundation Scholarship, he confidently pursued his A-levels at Hannah International School and later enrolled at Makerere University, where he successfully earned a Bachelor of Science in Petroleum Geoscience and Production in 2022, once again bolstered by the Mastercard Foundation Scholars Program.

Sylas actively contributed to the Scholars community as the 3rd President of the Scholars Association Makerere University (SAMAK) and as the first Team Lead of the AlumNet Foundation, established in 2018, an umbrella organisation that unites all the alumni of the Mastercard Foundation at Makerere University. This organisation serves as a community of practice for Makerere University alumni, promoting agency and voice, peer mentorship, and community-impact initiatives. He demonstrated transformative leadership as Chairperson of the Mastercard Foundation Alumni Network at BRAC from 2020 to 2022. At the time of his death, Sylas served as the Minister of Information in the Tooro Kingdom and as the Strategy and Engagement Lead for the Mastercard Foundation Alumni Network’s Uganda Chapter, where he continued to advocate for collaboration and social responsibility. He was a Programme Associate at Africa Climate Collaborative, one of the Mastercard Foundation Initiatives at Makerere University, and was also pursuing his Master’s degree at Victoria University. May his soul find eternal peace.

Bernard Buteera is the Principal Communications and Public Relations Officer of the Mastercard Foundation Scholars Programme at Makerere University.

Bernard Buteera

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