Participants pose for a group photo on Day One of the Good Research Regulatory Practice (GRRP) Course for members of Research Ethics Committees (RECs).
Uganda’s research sector is preparing for a new era of scientific advancement as emerging fields such as artificial intelligence, genomics, digital health; big data analytics and international research collaborations continue to transform the landscape of scientific inquiry. However, experts have emphasized that these developments must be matched with stronger ethical oversight mechanisms to protect research participants, maintain scientific credibility and preserve public trust.
The call was made during the three-day Good Research Regulatory Practice (GRRP) Course for members of Research Ethics Committees (RECs) from Makerere University and other institutions. The training was organized by the Directorate of Research, Innovations and Partnerships at Makerere University in partnership with the Uganda National Council for Science and Technology (UNCST) to strengthen research governance and enhance ethical review practices.
Speaking at the official opening of the course,Prof. Robert Wamala, Makerere University’s Director of Research, Innovation and Partnerships, said ethical oversight remains central to achieving quality research that contributes to national development.
Prof. Wamala said Makerere University remains committed to producing research that addresses Uganda’s priorities while contributing to regional and global scientific advancement. However, he cautioned that research excellence cannot exist without strong ethical safeguards.
“Every research project involving human participants carries with it a profound responsibility to uphold the dignity, rights, safety and well-being of those who make research possible,” Prof. Wamala said.
Prof. Robert Wamala. File Photo.
He described Research Ethics Committees as critical pillars of Makerere’s research ecosystem, emphasizing that their role extends beyond regulatory compliance to protecting scientific credibility and maintaining public confidence.
“The quality, consistency, independence and timeliness of ethical review directly influence the quality of research produced by our institution and the confidence that participants, funders, collaborators and society place in our work,” he said.
Prof. Wamala observed that emerging fields such as artificial intelligence, genomics, digital health, big data analytics and cross-border research collaborations have introduced new ethical questions requiring continuous learning and adaptation.
He said modern ethical oversight demands more than simply following regulations. “It requires critical thinking, sound judgment, an appreciation of emerging technologies and strict adherence to internationally accepted standards of ethical review,” he said.
He noted that the GRRP Course provides an opportunity to harmonize ethical review approaches across Makerere’s Research Ethics Committees, improve institutional capacity and ensure that research involving human participants meets national and international standards.
Prof. Wamala also commended UNCST for its continued partnership with Makerere University in strengthening research governance, describing the collaboration as a reflection of a shared commitment to fostering a research environment that is ethical, responsible, innovative and internationally competitive.
Relatedly, Dr. Hellen Opolot, the Assistant Executive Secretary and Head of the Directorate of Research Management and Quality Assurance at UNCST, called on Research Ethics Committees to continuously strengthen their capacity as Uganda’s research environment becomes increasingly complex.
Dr. Opolot said scientific progress presents immense opportunities but also introduces new ethical, legal and regulatory challenges that require regulators and ethics committees to remain ahead of emerging trends.
She noted that research in Uganda is rapidly expanding, driven by developments in artificial intelligence, genomics, digital health, social and behavioral sciences and multinational collaborative studies.
“As REC members, your role extends beyond reviewing research protocols. You are responsible for safeguarding the rights, dignity and welfare of research participants,” Dr. Opolot emphasized.
Dr. Hellen Opolot.
She commended the organizers, particularly Professor Wamala for their continued commitment to strengthening research governance through capacity-building initiatives targeting Research Ethics Committees, students and researchers.
“I want to express my sincere appreciation to Professor Wamala for continuously inviting me to these meetings and for organizing important capacity-building programmes, not only for Research Ethics Committees but also for students,” she said.
Dr. Opolot encouraged participants to actively engage in the training, share experiences and develop practical approaches to addressing ethical challenges, noting that many issues facing researchers and regulators require collaboration and informed judgment.
She expressed confidence that the knowledge gained from the training would improve ethical review processes, strengthen post-approval monitoring and promote a culture of research integrity across Uganda.
Prof. Fredrick Nelson Nakwagala, the Chairperson of the Accreditation Committee for Research Ethics in Uganda at UNCST, said the training was aimed at equipping Research Ethics Committees with the skills required to protect human participants and improve research quality.
“The main function of this meeting is to build the capacity of Research Ethics Committees at Makerere University to perform their responsibility of protecting human subjects in research,” Prof. Nakwagala said.
He explained that continuous training remains necessary because ethical standards evolve alongside changes in science and technology.
“Ethics keeps changing because circumstances change. We now have artificial intelligence, mathematical modelling and complex study designs that were not known before. There are also new international and national guidelines on how to protect human participants who volunteer in research,” he said.
Prof. Nakwagala emphasized that Research Ethics Committees play a broader role than approving research proposals. He said they also monitor approved studies to ensure compliance with regulations, scientific standards and legal requirements.
“They monitor approved studies to ensure they are conducted within applicable regulations, scientific standards and the law. This improves both the quality of research proposals and the quality of research implementation,” he said.
He warned that unethical research practices such as plagiarism, fabrication of participants and falsification of data could undermine national development efforts, especially when research findings influence public policy.
A section of participants attending the course.
“You don’t want research products from scientists who are fraudulent, who fabricate participants or falsify data,” he said. “Research Ethics Committees ensure research is what it claims to be and that the process gives confidence in the results.”
Prof. Nakwagala added that ethics committees play an important role in mentoring postgraduate students by providing a framework that enables them to conduct credible and scientifically sound research.
He linked strong research ethics to Uganda’s development ambitions under the National Development Plan IV, noting that science, technology and innovation are increasingly important in sectors such as agriculture, health, infrastructure, housing and environmental sustainability.
“Ethical oversight is critical in balancing the risks and benefits of development initiatives,” he said.
Addressing concerns about delays in postgraduate research approvals, Prof. Nakwagala said new review timelines introduced by UNCST are expected to improve efficiency while maintaining quality.
“We believe that within a week, most student protocols should receive approval. Only larger studies such as clinical trials require more rigorous review, but even these should not exceed 60 days,” he said.
Day One of GRRP Course Brings Together Experts and Research Ethics Practitioners
Day one of the Good Research Regulatory Practice Course was facilitated by Ms. Irene Semakula Suryani, Dr. Fredrick Nelson Nakwagala, Dr. Robert Sekubugu, Prof. Noah Kiwanuka and Ms. Gladys Nakalema, who guided participants through key areas of ethical review, research governance, regulatory standards and best practices for strengthening Research Ethics Committees.
The training attracted members from various academic units and institutions, including 16 participants from the College of Health Sciences, 5 from the School of Social Sciences, 15 from the College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES), 23 from the School of Public Health, 23 from the School of Medicine, 19 from the School of Biomedical Sciences and 5 from the College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Resources (COVAB).
Research Ethics Committee Leaders Attend Capacity-Building Training
The course also brought together chairpersons of Research Ethics Committees from different schools and colleges who participated in strengthening ethical review systems at Makerere University and beyond. Among those in attendance were chairpersons of the different RECs including Prof. Stella Neema from the School of Social Sciences, Dr. Paul Kutyabami from the College of Health Sciences, and Dr. Joseph Kagagi from the School of Public Health, among other REC leaders.
The participation of REC chairpersons underscored the importance of institutional leadership in promoting responsible research practices, improving review efficiency and ensuring that scientific advancement is guided by integrity, accountability and respect for human dignity.
The GRRP training, running from July 22 to 24, 2026, is part of ongoing efforts by Makerere University and UNCST to strengthen Uganda’s research governance system and ensure that scientific progress is built on ethical foundations.
As part of the Lake Victoria Improved Water Level Management through Advanced Modelling (LIVWA) Project, newly developed tools were unveiled during a dissemination workshop hosted by the College of Engineering, Design, Art and Technology (CEDAT) on August 26th, 2026. The project seeks to develop advanced hydrological and climate models to enhance water level management in Lake Victoria, East Africa’s largest freshwater resource.
The tools were designed to integrate remote sensing and reanalysis climate datasets with advanced hydrological modeling, enabling researchers and policymakers to better predict fluctuations in water levels in the lake. By combining historical data with AI and Machine Learning forecasting, the models aim to provide actionable insights for sustainable water resource management. Click here for details
Makerere University School of Public Health (MakSPH), through the Africa-Europe Cluster of Research Excellence (CoRE) for Preparedness and Response to Pandemics and Shocks, has shared findings from its study of Uganda’s Mpox response with stakeholders in Kasese, Amuru, Nakasongola and Mayuge districts to strengthen district preparedness for future outbreaks.
The Africa-Europe CoRE is a partnership co-led by MakSPH and the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters at UCLouvain, Belgium. It brings together universities in Africa and Europe to strengthen research, training and preparedness for pandemics and other public health shocks.
The district-level dissemination meetings, held from 10 to 14 August 2026, brought together more than 100 local government, health and security officials, Village Health Teams, implementing partners and community representatives. The meetings enabled stakeholders to validate the district-level findings, identify practical actions and provide feedback for the study’s final analysis and national dissemination.
Mr. Philliam Jabim shares the Mpox response study findings with participants during the dissemination meeting in Nakasongola District on 12 August 2026.
Uganda confirmed its first two Mpox cases on 24 July 2024 at Bwera Hospital in Kasese District. The Ministry of Health declared an outbreak on 2 August 2024. As documented in the study, the response involved health workers, communities, local governments, security agencies, political leaders, and implementing partners.
In response to the outbreak, a MakSPH research team led by Prof. Rhoda Wanyenze, Dr. Rawlance Ndejjo, Dr. Steven Kabwama and Mr. Douglas Bulafu conducted a study in May 2025 to assess Uganda’s Mpox response, including its policies, interventions, strategies and challenges, and generate lessons to inform recovery and strengthen preparedness for future public health emergencies.
Using purposive sampling, the research team conducted 20 key informant interviews and five focus group discussions in each of the four districts, drawing perspectives from western Uganda in Kasese, northern Uganda in Amuru, central Uganda in Nakasongola and eastern Uganda in Mayuge.
Participants and the MakSPH research team at the Mpox response study dissemination meeting in Nakasongola District on 12 August 2026.
The study, titled Assessment of the Mpox Response in Uganda: Documenting Challenges, Lessons and Innovations to Strengthen Emergency Preparedness and Response Capacities, was funded by the Government of Uganda through the Makerere UniversityResearch and Innovation Fund (Mak-RIF).
“This study is helping us move beyond recounting the Mpox response to identifying the actions that districts and national partners can take before the next outbreak. By validating the findings with stakeholders who led and experienced the response, we are ensuring that the evidence reflects local realities and can inform stronger surveillance, risk communication, coordination and community engagement,” said Mr. Bulafu, who led the MakSPH team during the dissemination meeting in Amuru.
Mr. Douglas Bulafu engages participants during the Mpox response study dissemination meeting in Amuru District on 10 August 2026.
In Amuru, the 10 August meeting brought together over 25 stakeholders from the district health team, political leadership, security agencies, Village Health Teams, implementing partners and the community. On the same day, a second MakSPH team, led by Mr. Keneth Sebukeera and Mr. Filimin Niyongabo, convened stakeholders in Kasese for a parallel validation meeting. The consultations then continued in Nakasongola on 12 August and concluded in Mayuge on 14 August, extending the study’s engagement across all four districts.
Across the districts, stakeholders said the results reflected their experience during the outbreak. They pointed to strengths in leadership, coordination, community engagement and partner support, while also describing gaps in documentation, logistics, diagnostic access, staffing, risk communication, public trust and continuity of essential health services.
They also noted inconsistent implementation of the World Health Organization (WHO) 7-1-7 target, which calls for detecting a suspected outbreak within seven days, notifying public health authorities within one day and completing early response actions within seven days.
The MakSPH research team, led by Mr. Keneth Sebukeera and Mr. Filimin Niyongabo, with participants during the Mpox response study dissemination meeting in Kasese District on 10 August 2026.
In Kasese, stakeholders highlighted gaps in documentation, financial and logistical resources, and human resources. They identified Village Health Teams and grassroots, religious and cultural leaders as important resources for community surveillance and risk communication. They called for stronger collaboration between technical and non-technical leaders, engagement with traditional healers, greater use of local radio for public sensitisation, and better facilitation of district epidemic response teams to reach distant communities.
Amuru participants called for proactive preparedness in the border district, citing misinformation and rumours as barriers to risk communication. They urged timely, accurate information from health workers and other authorities; training in disease surveillance and grant writing to strengthen capacity and resource mobilisation; and compassionate care, psychosocial support and community awareness to reduce stigma and support survivor reintegration.
During the meeting in Nakasongola, stakeholders identified Community Health Workers and Community Health Extension Workers as potential resources for strengthening community surveillance and addressing workforce shortages. Given the district’s position around Lake Kyoga and along the Kampala-South Sudan transit corridor, they also called for stronger documentation, note-taking and reporting, accurate real-time information, closer communication with the Ministry of Health, and collaboration among technical, political, religious and community leaders.
Ms. Eunice Vivian Asingo, Senior Nursing Officer at Nakasongola Health Centre IV, contributes to the discussion during the Mpox response study dissemination meeting in Nakasongola District on 12 August 2026.
Ms. Eunice Vivian Asingo, Senior Nursing Officer at Nakasongola Health Centre IV, called for a permanent, adequately resourced outbreak-management centre to help protect routine services during future epidemics. “We appeal for better facilities to manage epidemics and outbreaks. At Nakasongola Health Centre IV, spaces previously used for outbreak management have been repurposed for other services, and we have limited staff. During the Mpox response, colleagues assigned to manage patients later returned to the general team, creating fear among staff already under pressure,” she said.
In Mayuge, Dr. Basembeza highlighted leadership, coordination and surveillance structures operating from district to community level as important factors in the response. He said the structures enabled the district to receive and respond quickly to community alerts. “Whenever there is a rumour or an alert, we are able to respond. Within 20 minutes, we had a response because of the structure we have,” Dr. Basembeza said.
Based on the findings, the research team recommends increased preparedness financing, stronger community engagement, decentralised diagnostic services through stronger district laboratory capacity, and improved health information and research systems.
Across the four districts, stakeholders reaffirmed that trusted community structures and coordinated action across sectors are essential to strengthening outbreak preparedness.
It is a pleasure to present the January – June 2026 edition of the MakGrad Newsletter by Makerere University Directorate of Graduate Training. At the Directorate of Graduate Training we are committed to building an enabling environment where our students can flourish and their academic journey is well-supported. Formerly one of the two main divisions that constituted the Directorate of Research and Graduate Training, the stand alone Directorate of Graduate Training is mandated to coordinate and administer all matters related to postgraduate studies.
At time when Makerere University is steadily transforming into a research led institution, we are on hand to review and initiate policies meant to provide a conducive environment for graduate training and innovative research. From redesigned PhD crosscutting courses, enhanced supervision structures, improved infrastructure, to stronger partnerships with global institutions — we are laying the foundation for increased success.
In this edition of our newsletter, we share with you highlights of some of the activities during the period January – June 2026. The 76th graduation ceremony in February 2026 recorded key important in roads in Makerere University’s efforts to respond to the country’s need for increased capacity in doctoral training. The 213 PhDs was a significant increase from the previous number of 144. It reflects an intentional progress towards increased completion rates. Beyond focusing on technical expertise, the Directorate coordinates efforts to cultivate critical thinking, problem-solving, communication, and interdisciplinary fluency of all our graduate students. Today’s challenges rarely fit neatly into one discipline; they demand collaboration across disciplinary fields. In this edition of the Newsletter, we share some of the training of trainers and learners’ trainings we have conducted to achieve this objective.
I thank all the staff of the Directorate and the university at large, the graduate students and all the stakeholder for the support and collaboration. You are part of a growing, supportive community committed to excellence and transformation that our country prides in.
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