I am delighted to present to you the Makerere University School of Law 2023 Annual report. The report highlights the major activities undertaken and the major outputs in light of our core mandate of teaching, research and community outreach. It also highlights the challenges the School is facing and future plans.
With respect to teaching and learning, we successfully implemented all the scheduled activities including teaching, examinations, orientation for new freshers, field attachment, graduate admission exams and graduation. At the 73rd graduation ceremony of Makerere University, the School presented a total of 249 graduands of which 23 were awarded Master of Laws degrees and 226 awarded Bachelor of Laws degrees. To make our graduate programmes more relevant and competitive, we revised the Master of Laws programme and the Doctor of Laws programme. Additional to these revised programmes, in the course of next year, we expect to launch two new specialized Master of Laws degree programmes which are currently before the National Council for Higher Education for accreditation.
Students’ participation in moot court competitions is one of the major methodologies we employ in teaching our learners. Besides the learning, participation in moot competitions gives our learners exposure and provides them great opportunities for net-working. I am happy to report that in 2023, our students excelled in all the national and international moot court competitions they participated in. They won the Phillip Jessup International Moot Court Competitions national rounds and were supposed to represent Uganda at the international rounds but failed to secure visas in time. Our students also won the inaugural Gender and the Law moot competition. We emerged first runners-up in the Great Lakes International Humanitarian Law moot court competitions.
In the area of research, our faculty undertook a number of research projects and published many scholarly journal articles, books and reports on different subjects. I congratulate them for these research out puts. Among our major research outputs for 2023 is the edited book volume on Militarization and Development in Uganda. This publication unravels how militarization is taking place in the different sectors, the implications, and the hard choices Uganda has to make with respect to governance, human rights and economic development.
With respect to community outreach, our faculty and students participated in a number of initiatives and activities that were undertaken by our different units in particular, the Public Interest Law Clinic (PILAC), the Refugee Law Project (RLP) and the Human Rights and Peace Centre (HURIPEC). Among these include: training of University staff and other stakeholders on refugee rights and duties; training of police officers on disability rights and the law; legal aid camp for students and staff of Makerere University; participation in the Uganda Law Society (ULS) probono day; and conducting the Administrative Law short course in various parts of the country. In addition to providing learning opportunities to students who participate in them, our community outreach activities are very important for making our School more relevant in terms of empowering the local communities and addressing some of their legal-related challenges and needs.
I thank the Government of Uganda, Makerere University Council, Makerere University Top Administration and all our partners and well-wishers for your support that enabled us to implement numerous activities and achieve the highlighted outputs. I also thank colleagues in the administration at our School, staff and students for participating in the different activities.
As We Build for the Future
Ronald Naluwairo, PhD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR & PRINCIPAL
Makerere University School of Law has hosted the Chief Justice of the Republic of Zambia, Hon. Justice Dr. Mumba Malila, who paid a courtesy call on 15th June 2026 during his official visit to Uganda to assume leadership of the African Chief Justices’ Forum on Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR).
Justice Malila was accompanied by the Chief Justice of Uganda, Hon. Justice Dr. Flavian Zeija, and a delegation from Zambian Judiciary. During the visit, the Zambian Chief Justice engaged with faculty members and students at School of Law and later paid a courtesy call on the Vice Chancellor, represented by the Deputy Vice Chancellor in charge of Finance and Administration, Prof. Henry Alinaitwe.
Justice Malila’s visit to Uganda followed his succession of retired Chief Justice Alfonse Owiny-Dollo of Uganda, who was founding Chairperson of the African Chief Justices’ ADR Forum. The Forum’s Secretariat is based in Kampala, making Uganda the venue for the formal handover of leadership and instruments of authority.
Prof. Henry Alinaitwe (2nd R) poses for a group photo with the dignitaries at the Main Building Entrance.
Welcoming the delegation to Makerere, the Dean of the School of Law, Prof. Ronald Naluwairo, congratulated Justice Malila on assuming the continental leadership role and pledged the School’s support towards advancing Alternative Dispute Resolution across Africa.
“As the premier Law School in Uganda, we appreciate the importance of ADR in promoting access to justice, expediting the resolution of disputes and enhancing social harmony,” Prof. Naluwairo said. He noted that ADR is now taught as a standalone course in the Bachelor of Laws programme and remains an important area of research within the School.
The Dean also emphasized the need for stronger collaboration between legal academia and the judiciary, proposing formal partnerships between Makerere University School of Law, the Judiciary of Uganda and institutions in Zambia.
Hon. Justice Dr. Malila (3rd L) and Hon. Justice Dr. Zeija (C) during the courtesy call on the Dean SoL-Prof. Ronald Naluwairo (3rd R) in the company of Deputy Dean SoL-Dr. Zahara Nampewo (2nd R), Executive Director, Judiciary Training Institute (JTI)-Hon. Justice Prof. Andrew Khaukha (L) and other officials.
In his remarks, Chief Justice Zeija described the visit as a homecoming, recalling his days as a student at Makerere University‘s School of Law. He praised the School for introducing ADR as a standalone course, observing that during his legal training, dispute resolution was largely taught through the lens of litigation.
“Academia plays a critical role in enriching jurisprudence within the judiciary,” Justice Zeija said, citing the contribution of legal scholars to landmark cases and judicial training programmes. He revealed that the Judiciary had already initiated discussions on formalizing collaboration with the School of Law through a Memorandum of Understanding.
Prof. Henry Alinaitwe hands over Makerere Souvenirs to Hon. Justice Dr. Malila (R) as Hon. Justice Dr. Zeija (C) witnesses.
Justice Malila, who spent many years teaching at the University of Zambia before joining the judiciary, reflected on the enduring influence of academic life and the pride lecturers feel when they see former students excel in their professions.
“I spent a long time teaching in a law school, and once you have lived the academic life, you always feel a strong connection to universities,” he said.
The Zambian Chief Justice spoke warmly about Makerere University‘s longstanding reputation as one of Africa’s leading institutions of higher learning. Recalling debates from his student days about the “Oxford of Africa,” he said Makerere‘s reputation had been built on decades of academic excellence and the outstanding achievements of its graduates across the continent.
Hon. Justice Dr. Malila (L) receives SoL Souvenirs from Prof. Naluwairo (R) as Dr. Nampewo (C) witnesses.
“Makerere possesses the history, reputation, goodwill and intellectual heritage that command respect throughout Africa,” he remarked, urging the University community to continue safeguarding and strengthening its standards.
Justice Malila welcomed Makerere‘s decision to teach ADR as a standalone discipline, describing it as a significant contribution to the Forum’s efforts to promote alternative dispute resolution across Africa.
“One of the objectives of the African Chief Justices’ ADR Forum is to engage universities and colleges in disseminating knowledge and appreciation of ADR. We hope to reach a point where students can enroll specifically to study ADR and graduate as professional ADR practitioners,” he said.
He noted that many legal systems continue to focus heavily on adversarial litigation and stressed the need to prepare future legal professionals for alternative approaches to resolving disputes.
The dignitaries pose for a group photo at the Makerere@100 Monument.
The visit also highlighted the deep historical ties between Makerere University and the legal profession across Africa. During the interaction, Justice Malila revealed that his first academic journal article was published in the East African Journal of Peace and Human Rights following encouragement from a Makerere academic, giving him a personal connection to the University.
At the conclusion of the visit, both Chief Justices emphasized the importance of strengthening partnerships between universities and judiciaries in advancing legal scholarship, judicial training and access to justice.
The delegation later paid a courtesy call on Makerere University‘s Vice Chancellor, Prof. Barnabas Nawangwe, represented by the Deputy Vice Chancellor in charge of Finance and Administration, where discussions focused on strengthening academic and professional collaboration between institutions in Uganda and Zambia. The visit reinforced Makerere University School of Law’s position as a leading centre for legal education and research in Africa and underscored the growing role of universities in promoting Alternative Dispute Resolution as an important pillar of access to justice on the continent.
The Public Interest Law (PILAC) held its 13th Clinical Legal Education (CLE) Moot on 14th May 2026 in the Makerere University School of Law (SoL) Moot Court Room. The CLE Moot is one of the clinical activities forming part of the experiential learning approach used by PILAC in its CLE class.
This Moot gives CLE students the opportunity to build their court advocacy skills, including case research and preparation, oratory and case presentation, court etiquette and teamwork, among others. This is in addition to exposing students to emerging areas of law and legal dilemmas that require specialised legal knowledge and talent to resolve. The uniqueness of this Moot lies in the fact that it is presided over by real judges, drawing mainly from the High Court. This is a result of the collaboration between the School of Law and the Judiciary of Uganda.
The Case and Arguments
This year, the theme of the moot was, ‘Rapid Economic Liberalisation and Urban Growth as drivers of inequity, weakened accountability, strained public infrastructure, and conflict between traders and the state’.
The Moot was presided over by a panel of three High Court Judges: Hon. Lady Justice Jane Okuo Kajuga, Hon. Justice Isa Serunkuma and Hon. Lady Justice Alice Komuhangi Khaukha. The moot problem focused on two unique and interrelated issues. First were legal questions around public-private partnerships and the nature of the legal obligations they impose on the state. Second, there were questions about the state’s obligations regarding human rights abuses arising from the actions of private actors under public-private partnership arrangements.
A compelling display of legal advocacy, a mock human rights enforcement petition highlighted the rising tide of climate litigation across Africa, tackling the devastating human toll of environmental disasters and the inadequacy of state responses. The fictional case centred on a catastrophic flood that destroyed local businesses, displaced scores of traders, and tragically claimed the lives of a mother and her infant child.
At the heart of the legal arguments was the state’s defence: a flat-rate compensation package that critics argued barely scratched the surface of the community’s profound losses. The petition cut straight to a definitive and increasingly urgent question facing the African continent: When climate-related disasters hit already vulnerable communities, and the state fails in its constitutional duty to protect the right to a clean and healthy environment, what does the law actually require? The answer put forward by the petitioners was unwavering: the law requires a meaningful, comprehensive remedy—not mere sympathy, and certainly not token payments.
While climate litigation in Africa is still in its infancy, legal scholars note it is growing rapidly out of sheer necessity. As environmental obligations are too often treated by governments as aspirational goals rather than enforceable duties, the courtroom is emerging as a vital arena to bridge the gap between state promises and true accountability.
Highlights of the Competition and Recognition of Best Performers
A total of 30 students participated in the Moot, under three teams: Applicants, Respondents, and Amicus. After weeks of preparations, the students wore their lawyers’ robes and had the chance to appear before the panel of judges, each presenting their arguments in a passionate and eloquent manner.
The Amicus team who were recognised as the winning team with the presiding judges.
At the end of the competition, the judges gave their feedback, expressing appreciation for the level of performance and preparedness of the teams. Some were complimented for performing better than some of the advocates who appear before the judges in court. The judges also provided tips and guidance for the purpose of enabling the students to improve their performance.
In his remarks, Professor Christopher Mbazira, the PILAC Coordinator, commended the students for their hard work and appreciated the judges for taking time off their busy court dockets to support the School in skilling the young future legal professionals. Each of the judges was recognised with a plaque of appreciation.
For his exceptional performance, Mayanja Owen was named Best Oralist of the competition. The Amicus team were recognised as the winning team from the presentations. Reflecting on the weight of the subject matter, the participating students expressed deep gratitude to the judging panel, their teammates who shared the immense burden of the case, and the instructors who guided them through weeks of demanding preparations.